高中英语真题第四讲 代词It的用法.docx
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高中英语真题第四讲代词It的用法
高中英语真题:
第四讲 代词、It的用法
一、代词考点透析
1．人称代词的主格、宾格，两种物主代词及反身代词。
主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词
性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
反身代词
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
thems
elves
人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语。
形容词性物主代词作定语，即其后必须有一个名词。
名词性物主代词在句中的作用相当于一个名词，可作主语、宾语、表语等，其后没有名词。
反身代词在主语、宾语、表语后作这些成分的同位语，意为“亲自”、“亲眼”、“某某本人”。
在语法填空中，这个知识点出现的频率相当高。
例如：
（1）It was John himself that put him in trouble.
（2）You can believe me.I saw it myself.
2．one，ones，the one，that，those可以代替前面出现的名词，以避免重复。
one＝ a＋名词单数，the one＝the＋名词单数，that＝the＋名词单数。
ones，those代替前面的名词复数，those ＝the＋名词复数。
one，ones前可以有形容词修饰。
例如：
（1）I don't like this skirt.I like the red one.
（2）I'm planning to buy a house.I'd like one with a garden.
（3）The population in Guangzhou is bigger than that in .
（4）I prefer the apples in the basket to those in the box.
3．none，nothing，nobody（no one）的区别。
none既可指人，也可指物，且
表特指概念，回答how many，how much等问题；nobody（no one）只能指人，且表泛指概念，常回答who引起的问题；nothing只能指物，常回答what引起的问题。
另外，no one后不带of短语，none后可带of短语。
4．few，a few，quite a few，many修饰可数名词；little，a little，quite a little，much修饰不可数名词。
5．another，the other，others，other，the others的区别。
another泛指另一个；the other特指两个中的另一个；ot
hers泛指“其他”，后不带名词；other后带名词复数；the others指特定范围中其他的人或物，后不带名词。
（1）This coat doesn't fit me.Will you show me another?
（2）Thirty students in our class are girls，and the others are boys.
6．注意下列句型：
One...the other...
一个……另一个……
Some...others...and still others...
有的……有的……还有的……
7．not 与all，everybody，everyone，everything等连用，或“not every＋名词”结构，都表示部分否定。
例如：
（1）Not all the students agree with this opinion.
并非每个学生都同意这个观点。
（2）Not everyone is interested in football.
并不是每个人都对足球感兴趣。
（3）All the boys don't like smoking.
不是每个男孩都喜欢吸烟。
强化训练一
Ⅰ.按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的代词
1．Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but __________ of them wants to, because they have work to do.
2．My brother would like to buy a good watch but ______ was available from that shop.
3．Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to__________ of McDonald's.
4．—Which one of these do you want?
—I don't mind.________will do.
5．—Excuse me.How much is the shirt?
—50
________.
6．Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs ________.
7．When he took his gloves off, I noticed that ______ had his name written inside.
8．Sophia waited for a reply, but ____ came.
9．—Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?
—$4,000, or________ like that.
10．—John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday?
—________.I'll be off to then.
11．To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ________.
12．—Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear?
—________ one?
13．—Would you like tea or coffee?
—________， thank you.I've just had some water.
14．I
got this bicycle for ________， my friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.
15．There is ________ in his words.We should have a try.
1．neither 2.none 3.those 4.Either 5.each 6.more
7．each 8.none 9.something 10.Neither 11.another
12．Another 13.Neither 14.nothing 15.something
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．请选用 one，the one，it，this，that完成句子，可重复使用。
（1）When I go to college，I will definitely need a car，but I don't have the money to buy __________ now.
（2）All the cars on show look fabulous，especially ________ with gilt doors.
（3）I like one of the cars on exhibition very much，but I don't have enough money to buy ________.
（4）The car parked in front of our house is shabbier than ________in front of your house.
2．请选用 little，a little，few，a few完成句子，可重复使用。
（1）There are __________ minutes left.You'd better hurry up，or we will miss the train.
（2）There are ________ minutes left.Take it easy.
（3）There is ________ time left.How can we finish the job in such a hurry?
（4）There is still ________ time left.Don't worry!
3．请选用other，others，the other，the others，another完成句子，可重复使用。
（1）The soldiers have served in American military bases in Japan，South Korea and several ________ countries.
（2）This pair of shoes is too big.Would you please show me ________ pair?
（3）Among the seven students，three are girls while ________ four are boys.
（4）I have seven glasses.Three of them are broken and ________ are dirty.
（5）During the cleaning，some students are sweeping away the rubbish，some are mopping the floor，and ________ are tidying the desks.
4．请选用no one，nothing，none，nobody完成句子，可重复使用。
（1）I'm a stranger here，so I know ______ of them.
（2）The newspaper is just about meetings or conferences. I can see ________ interesting in it.
（3）－Who is in the office now？
－________.
（4）－How many deaths are caused by the traffic accident?
－________.
1．
（1）one
（2）the one （3）it （4）that/the one
2．
（1）few
（2）a few （3）little （4）a little
3．
（1）other
（2）another （3）the other
（4）the others （5）others
4．
（1）none
（2）nothing （3）No one/Nobody （4）None
Ⅲ.在下文空格中填入适当的代词
My friend Tony
and I always walk home together after school，for 1. ________ live in the same block and 2. ________ of us go in for football.
One afternoon on 3. ________ way home，we were about to say goodbye when we heard a loud shout behind 4. ________.As we looked around to see what had happened，we found a middleaged woman lying on the ground，bleeding.We realized that 5. ________ had been knocked down by the black car in front of her.We hurried to help 6. ________，but a man with dark glasses came over and tried to prevent Tony and 7. ________ from getting closer to the wounded woman.So we got very angry with the man.How could 8. ________ stop us from helping a dying woman?
The man asked us to turn around and we were surprised to see 9. ________ man carrying a video camera on 10. ________shoulder.They were just shooting a film.
1．we 2.both 3.our 4.us
5.she 6.her 7.me 8.he
9．another 10.his
二 、it的用法考点透析
（一）it作为代词，与one，that的辨析
1．it 为特指，代替单数可数名词，一般代替一个具体的事物，不带修饰成分。
（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到的事物。
－What's this？
－It's a pen.
（2）代替指示代词this，that。
（3）表示时间、天气、距离、季节、明暗等。
How far is it to ?
It's 400 kilometers.
2．one
（1）泛指，代替前面出现过的名词单数，避免重复。
（用ones代替前面出现过的复数名词）。
可用this/that/each/which及形容词修饰，也可与冠词连用，或带后置定语。
例如：
He has no child，and he wants to adopt one.
他没有孩子，想认养一个。
（2）作不定代词时，可以泛指人。
意为“一个人，一种人”。
例如：
One should do one's duty.
人人应该尽责。
比较：
There was a piano in the shop，so I decided to buy it at once.
（it 特指上文出现的piano, 与piano是同一事物）
I wanted to buy a house and I'd like one with a garden.
（one＝a house）
There are many good flats for you to choose.Would you like to buy one?
（one＝a flat, one 指many good flats中的一个）
3．that 代替单数可数名词或代替不可数名词，只可带后置定语。
只能代替物，不能代替人。
those可指人，也可指物。
在比较状语从句中，特指前面提到的同一类东西。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of .
上海的人口多于北京。
（二）引导词it。
1．it 指时间时的重要句型
（1）It is （high） time （that） 主语＋should do/did sth.
It is （high） time that this problem was solved.
（2）It is...since...
It is two years since he came to work in this city.
（3）It be...before...
It will be three years before we can meet again.
2．it 作形式主语的常用句型
（1）It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb.to do sth.
It was difficult for her to move so heavy a box.
（2）It is/was＋adj.＋that...
It was clear that he was lying to us.
（3）It is＋Ved＋that...
It is reported that our team has won the gold medal.
（4）It seems/appears/happens that...
It seemed that he had known the truth.
It so happened that I was standing at the gate when the guests arrived.
（5）It matters/doesn't matter that...
It matters a lot whether he will agree to our plan.
（6）It is no use/no good/no harm doing sth.
It's no good arguing with him.
3．it作形式宾语的常用句型（S代替主语，V代替谓语动词）
（1）S＋V＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth.
We consider it a great honor to be able to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
（2）S＋V＋it＋adj./n.＋doing sth.
They find it no use searching the empty house.
Do you consider it any good trying again?
（3）主语＋谓语＋it＋that/when...
I don't like it when you shout at me.
4．强调句：
It is/was＋被强调成分＋who/that...
如可对下列句子中四处画线部分进行强调。
We saw Tom in_the_p
ark yesterday.
It was we who/that saw Tom in the park yesterday.（强调人，可用who或that）
It was Tom whom/that we saw in the park yesterday.（强调宾语）
It was in_the_park
that we saw Tom yesterday.（强调地点）
It was yesterday that we saw Tom in the park.（强调时间）
♨温馨提示
（1）It is...that 不能用来强调谓语动词，强调动词要用“do＋动词原形”。
例如：
Do come early tomorrow.
明天一定要早点来。
The little boy did work out the problem.
小男孩的确做出了那个题目。
（2）强调时间、地点、某个事物时都要用that，而不能用when，where，which。
强化训练二
Ⅰ.按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的词
1．Sarah made ________ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
2．No m
atter where he is, he makes ______a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
3．If you're buying today's paper from the stand, could you get________for me?
4．New technologies have made ______ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
5．The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ________
.
6．Why don't you bring ________ to his attention?
7．We have various summer camps for your holidays, you can choose __________ based on your own interests.
8．—Silly me!
I forget what my luggage looks like.
—What do you think of ________ over there?
9．The two girls are so alike that strangers find ______ difficult to tell one from the other.
10．Surprisingly, Susan's beautiful hair reached below her knees and made________almost an overcoat for her.
1
．herself 2.it 3.one 4.it 5.it 6.it 7.one 8.that 9.it
10．itself
Ⅱ.在下文空格中填入适当的代词
My Name is Li Kang. I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from . Today is my first day at Senior High school and I'm writing down my thoughts about 1. ________.
2. ________new school is very good and the classrooms are amazing. Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen, whose method of teaching is nothing like
3. ________of the teachers
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