高中英语真题第四讲 代词It的用法.docx

1、高中英语真题第四讲 代词It的用法高中英语真题:第四讲代词、It的用法一、代词考点透析1人称代词的主格、宾格，两种物主代词及反身代词。主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语。形容词性物主代词作定语，即其后必须有一个名词。名

2、词性物主代词在句中的作用相当于一个名词，可作主语、宾语、表语等，其后没有名词。反身代词在主语、宾语、表语后作这些成分的同位语，意为“亲自”、“亲眼”、“某某本人”。在语法填空中，这个知识点出现的频率相当高。例如：(1)ItwasJohnhimselfthatputhimintrouble.(2)Youcanbelieveme.Isawitmyself.2one，ones，theone，that，those可以代替前面出现的名词，以避免重复。onea名词单数，theonethe名词单数，thatthe名词单数。ones，those代替前面的名词复数，thosethe名词复数。one，ones前可

3、以有形容词修饰。例如：(1)Idontlikethisskirt.Iliketheredone.(2)Implanningtobuyahouse.Idlikeonewithagarden.(3)ThepopulationinGuangzhouisbiggerthanthatin.(4)Iprefertheapplesinthebaskettothoseinthebox.3none，nothing，nobody(noone)的区别。none既可指人，也可指物，且表特指概念，回答howmany，howmuch等问题；nobody(noone)只能指人，且表泛指概念，常回答who引起的问题；noth

4、ing只能指物，常回答what引起的问题。另外，noone后不带of短语，none后可带of短语。4few，afew，quiteafew，many修饰可数名词；little，alittle，quitealittle，much修饰不可数名词。5another，theother，others，other，theothers的区别。another泛指另一个；theother特指两个中的另一个；others泛指“其他”，后不带名词；other后带名词复数；theothers指特定范围中其他的人或物，后不带名词。(1)Thiscoatdoesntfitme.Willyoushowmeanother?(2

5、)Thirtystudentsinourclassaregirls，andtheothersareboys.6注意下列句型：One.theother.一个另一个Some.others.andstillothers.有的有的还有的7not与all，everybody，everyone，everything等连用，或“notevery名词”结构，都表示部分否定。例如：(1)Notallthestudentsagreewiththisopinion.并非每个学生都同意这个观点。(2)Noteveryoneisinterestedinfootball.并不是每个人都对足球感兴趣。(3)Allthebo

6、ysdontlikesmoking.不是每个男孩都喜欢吸烟。强化训练一.按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的代词1LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,but_ofthemwantsto,becausetheyhaveworktodo.2Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbut_wasavailablefromthatshop.3StudyingWendysmenu,Ifoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilarto_ofMcDonalds.4Whichoneofthesed

7、oyouwant?Idontmind._willdo.5Excuseme.Howmuchistheshirt?50_.6Manypeoplehavedonatedthattypeofblood;however,thebloodbankneeds_.7Whenhetookhisglovesoff,Inoticedthat_hadhisnamewritteninside.8Sophiawaitedforareply,but_came.9Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?$4,000,or_likethat.10John,whenshallwemeeta

8、gain,ThursdayorFriday?_.Illbeofftothen.11Tostayawake,hefinishedacupofcoffeeandordered_.12Wouldyougetmeabarofchocolatefromthekitchen,dear?_one?13Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?_，thankyou.Ivejusthadsomewater.14Igotthisbicyclefor_，myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.15Thereis_inhiswords.Weshouldhaveatry.1n

9、either2.none3.those4.Either5.each6.more7each8.none9.something10.Neither11.another12Another13.Neither14.nothing15.something.选词填空1请选用one，theone，it，this，that完成句子，可重复使用。(1)WhenIgotocollege，Iwilldefinitelyneedacar，butIdonthavethemoneytobuy_now.(2)Allthecarsonshowlookfabulous，especially_withgiltdoors.(3)I

10、likeoneofthecarsonexhibitionverymuch，butIdonthaveenoughmoneytobuy_.(4)Thecarparkedinfrontofourhouseisshabbierthan_infrontofyourhouse.2请选用little，alittle，few，afew完成句子，可重复使用。(1)Thereare_minutesleft.Youdbetterhurryup，orwewillmissthetrain.(2)Thereare_minutesleft.Takeiteasy.(3)Thereis_timeleft.Howcanwefin

11、ishthejobinsuchahurry?(4)Thereisstill_timeleft.Dontworry!3请选用other，others，theother，theothers，another完成句子，可重复使用。(1)ThesoldiershaveservedinAmericanmilitarybasesinJapan，SouthKoreaandseveral_countries.(2)Thispairofshoesistoobig.Wouldyoupleaseshowme_pair?(3)Amongthesevenstudents，threearegirlswhile_fourar

12、eboys.(4)Ihavesevenglasses.Threeofthemarebrokenand_aredirty.(5)Duringthecleaning，somestudentsaresweepingawaytherubbish，somearemoppingthefloor，and_aretidyingthedesks.4请选用noone，nothing，none，nobody完成句子，可重复使用。(1)Imastrangerhere，soIknow_ofthem.(2)Thenewspaperisjustaboutmeetingsorconferences.Icansee_inter

13、estinginit.(3)Whoisintheofficenow？_.(4)Howmanydeathsarecausedbythetrafficaccident?_.1(1)one(2)theone(3)it(4)that/theone2(1)few(2)afew(3)little(4)alittle3(1)other(2)another(3)theother(4)theothers(5)others4(1)none(2)nothing(3)Noone/Nobody(4)None.在下文空格中填入适当的代词MyfriendTonyandIalwayswalkhometogetherafter

14、school，for1._liveinthesameblockand2._ofusgoinforfootball.Oneafternoonon3._wayhome，wewereabouttosaygoodbyewhenweheardaloudshoutbehind4._.Aswelookedaroundtoseewhathadhappened，wefoundamiddleagedwomanlyingontheground，bleeding.Werealizedthat5._hadbeenknockeddownbytheblackcarinfrontofher.Wehurriedtohelp6.

15、_，butamanwithdarkglassescameoverandtriedtopreventTonyand7._fromgettingclosertothewoundedwoman.Sowegotveryangrywiththeman.Howcould8._stopusfromhelpingadyingwoman?Themanaskedustoturnaroundandweweresurprisedtosee9._mancarryingavideocameraon10._shoulder.Theywerejustshootingafilm.1we2.both3.our4.us5.she6

16、.her7.me8.he9another10.his二、it的用法考点透析(一)it作为代词，与one，that的辨析1it为特指，代替单数可数名词，一般代替一个具体的事物，不带修饰成分。(1)用作人称代词，代替前文提到的事物。Whatsthis？Itsapen.(2)代替指示代词this，that。(3)表示时间、天气、距离、季节、明暗等。Howfarisitto?Its400kilometers.2one(1)泛指，代替前面出现过的名词单数，避免重复。(用ones代替前面出现过的复数名词)。可用this/that/each/which及形容词修饰，也可与冠词连用，或带后置定语。例如：Heh

17、asnochild，andhewantstoadoptone.他没有孩子，想认养一个。(2)作不定代词时，可以泛指人。意为“一个人，一种人”。例如：Oneshoulddoonesduty.人人应该尽责。比较：Therewasapianointheshop，soIdecidedtobuyitatonce.(it特指上文出现的piano,与piano是同一事物)IwantedtobuyahouseandIdlikeonewithagarden.(oneahouse)Therearemanygoodflatsforyoutochoose.Wouldyouliketobuyone?(oneaflat,

18、one指manygoodflats中的一个)3that代替单数可数名词或代替不可数名词，只可带后置定语。只能代替物，不能代替人。those可指人，也可指物。在比较状语从句中，特指前面提到的同一类东西。ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatof.上海的人口多于北京。(二)引导词it。1it指时间时的重要句型(1)Itis(high)time(that)主语shoulddo/didsth.Itis(high)timethatthisproblemwassolved.(2)Itis.since.Itistwoyearssincehecametoworkinth

19、iscity.(3)Itbe.before.Itwillbethreeyearsbeforewecanmeetagain.2it作形式主语的常用句型(1)Itis/wasadj.for/ofsb.todosth.Itwasdifficultforhertomovesoheavyabox.(2)Itis/wasadj.that.Itwasclearthathewaslyingtous.(3)ItisVedthat.Itisreportedthatourteamhaswonthegoldmedal.(4)Itseems/appears/happensthat.Itseemedthathehadkn

20、ownthetruth.ItsohappenedthatIwasstandingatthegatewhentheguestsarrived.(5)Itmatters/doesntmatterthat.Itmattersalotwhetherhewillagreetoourplan.(6)Itisnouse/nogood/noharmdoingsth.Itsnogoodarguingwithhim.3it作形式宾语的常用句型(S代替主语，V代替谓语动词)(1)SVitadj./n.todosth.Weconsideritagreathonortobeabletohostthe2008Olympi

21、cGames.(2)SVitadj./n.doingsth.Theyfinditnousesearchingtheemptyhouse.Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?(3)主语谓语itthat/when.Idontlikeitwhenyoushoutatme.4强调句：Itis/was被强调成分who/that.如可对下列句子中四处画线部分进行强调。WesawTomin_the_parkyesterday.Itwaswewho/thatsawTomintheparkyesterday.(强调人，可用who或that)ItwasTomwhom/thatwes

22、awintheparkyesterday.(强调宾语)Itwasin_the_parkthatwesawTomyesterday.(强调地点)ItwasyesterdaythatwesawTominthepark.(强调时间)温馨提示(1)Itis.that不能用来强调谓语动词，强调动词要用“do动词原形”。例如：Docomeearlytomorrow.明天一定要早点来。Thelittleboydidworkouttheproblem.小男孩的确做出了那个题目。(2)强调时间、地点、某个事物时都要用that，而不能用when，where，which。强化训练二.按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的

23、要求，在空白处填上适当的词1Sarahmade_totheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.2Nomatterwhereheis,hemakes_aruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.3Ifyourebuyingtodayspaperfromthestand,couldyouget_forme?4Newtechnologieshavemade_possibletoturnoutnewproductsfasterandatalowercost.5Theemploymentratehascontinuedtorise

24、inbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincrease_.6Whydontyoubring_tohisattention?7Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays,youcanchoose_basedonyourowninterests.8Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.Whatdoyouthinkof_overthere?9Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_difficulttotellonefrom

25、theother.10Surprisingly,Susansbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmade_almostanovercoatforher.1herself2.it3.one4.it5.it6.it7.one8.that9.it10itself.在下文空格中填入适当的代词MyNameisLiKang.IliveinShijiazhuang,acitynotfarfrom.TodayismyfirstdayatSeniorHighschoolandImwritingdownmythoughtsabout1._.2._newschoolisverygoodandtheclassroomsareamazing.Everyroomhasacomputerwithaspecialscreen,almostasbigasacinemascreen.TheteacherisaveryenthusiasticwomancalledMsShen,whosemethodofteachingisnothinglike3._oftheteachers