旅游英语结业报告.docx

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旅游英语结业报告

课程结业报告

课程名称：

涉外旅游英语文化教程

学号：

08091201

姓名习琴芳:

老师韩娇阳:

年月日2011612

Partone:

abriefintroductionofthecourse

Thisbookfocusesonbriefintroductionofglobalculturetourism

anduniquenessofdifferentcountries.Ithassixchapters,eachof

whichcanbedividedintothreeparts:

briefintroduction,cultureand

tourism.

1.ChapteroneintroducethetourismandcultureofAsia.

Asiaistheworld'slargestandmostpopulouscontinent,

locatedprimarilyintheeasternandnorthernhemispheres.It

covers8.6%oftheEarth'stotalsurfacearea（or29.9%ofitsland

area）andwithapproximately4billionpeople,ithosts60%ofthe

world'scurrenthumanpopulation.Duringthe20thcenturyAsia's

populationnearlyquadrupled.Asiaistraditionallydefinedas

partofthelandmassofEurasia—withthewesternportionofthe

latteroccupiedbyEurope—locatedtotheeastoftheSuezCanal,

eastoftheUralMountainsandsouthoftheCaucasusMountains

（ortheKuma-ManychDepressionandtheCaspianandBlack

Seas.ItisboundedontheeastbythePacificOcean,onthesouth

bytheIndianOceanandonthenorthbytheArcticOcean.Given

itssizeanddiversity,Asia—atoponymdatingbacktoclassical

antiquity—ismoreaculturalconceptincorporatinganumberof

（seeentityphysicalhomogeneousathanpeoplesandregions

SubregionsofAsia,Asianpeople）.ThewealthofAsiadiffers

verywidelyamongandwithinitsregions,duetoitsvastsizeand

hugerangeofdifferentethnicgroups,cultures,environments,

historicaltiesandgovernmentsystems.Asiahasbeenthe

historicalbirthplaceofallmajorworldreligions.

2ChaptertwointroducethetourismandcultureofEurope

Europeisthesixthlargestcontinentinsizeandthethirdlargest

inpopulation.ItisborderedbytheMediterraneanSeatothesouth,

Asiatotheeast,andtheAtlanticOceantotheWest.Europeisa

wealthycontinentandisthecenteroftheWestandWestern

Democracy.Europehasbeenthehometosomeoftheearth's

greatestcivilizationsfromAncientGreecetotheRomanEmpire.It

isalsothehometothebirthofdemocracy.Europehasalsobeenthe

centralpointtwoofthebiggestwarsinmodernhistory:

WWIand

WWII.RecentlyEuropehasunitedunderthecommonunioncalled

theEuropeanUnion.ThisunionallowsindependentEuropean

countriestohaveasinglecurrencyandtocombinetheireconomic

andmilitarypower.Europeistheworld'ssecond-smallestcontinent

intermsofarea,coveringabout10,180.000squarekilometersor

2%oftheearth'ssurface.Ithostsalargenumberofsovereignstates,

ofdefinitionunderlyingtheondependsamountprecisewhose

Europe'sborder,aswellasonthein-orexclusiveof

semi-recognizedstates.OfallEuropeancountries,Russiaisthe

largestbybothareaandpopulation,whiletheVaticanisthesmallest.

EuropeisthethirdmostpopulouscontinentafterAsiaandAfrica

withapopulationof710,000,000orabout11%oftheworld's

population.However,Europe'sborderandpopulationareindispute,

asthetermcontinentcanrefertoaculturalandpoliticaldistinction

orphysiographicone.

3ChapterthreeintroducethetourismandcultureofAfrica

Africaistheworld'ssecond-largestandsecondmost-populous

continent,afterAsia.Atabout30.2millionkm2（11.7millionsqmi）

includingadjacentislands,itcovers6%oftheEarth'stotalsurface

areaand20.4%ofthetotallandarea.With1.0billionpeople（asof

2009,seetable）in61territories,itaccountsforabout14.72%ofthe

world'shumanpopulation.Thecontinentissurroundedbythe

MediterraneanSeatothenorth,boththeSuezCanalandtheRedSea

alongtheSinaiPeninsulatothenortheast,theIndianOceantothe

southeast,andtheAtlanticOceantothewest.Thecontinenthas54

sovereignstates,includingMadagascarandvariousislandgroups.

Africa,particularlycentralEasternAfrica,iswidelyregardedwithin

thescientificcommunitytobetheoriginofhumansandthe

theofdiscoverythebyevidencedasapes）,（greatcladeHominidae

earliesthominidsandtheirancestors,aswellaslateronesthathave

beendatedtoaroundsevenmillionyearsago–including

Sahelanthropustchadensis,Australopithecusafricanus,A.afarensis,

Homoerectus,H.habilisandH.ergaster–withtheearliestHomo

sapiens（modernhuman）foundinEthiopiabeingdatedtocirca

200,000yearsago.Africastraddlestheequatorandencompasses

numerousclimateareas;itistheonlycontinenttostretchfromthe

northerntemperatetosoutherntemperatezones.TheAfrican

expectedeconomicgrowthrateisatabout5.0%for2010and5.5%

in2011

4ChapterfourintroducethetourismandcultureofNorth

America

NorthAmericaisthethirdlargestcontinentinareaandthefourtj

rankedinpopulation.ItisboundedonthenorthbytheArcticOcean,

onthesouthbytheCaribbeanSea,andonthewestbytheNorth

PacificOcean.Itcoversanareaof9,355,000squaremiles.AsofJuly

2008,itspopulationwasestimatedatnearly529millionpeople.

NorthAmericaoccupiesthenorthernportionofthelandmass

generallyreferredtoastheNewWorld,theWesternHemisphere,

theAmericas,orsimplyAmerica.NorthernAmerica'sonlyland

connectionistoSouthAmericaatthenarrowIsthmusofPanama.

theatnotbeginsAmericaNorthauthorities,sometoAccording

IsthmusofPanamabutatthenarrowscentralAmericaasa

subcontinentorregionofNorthernAmerica.

Thecontinentisfilledwithhistory,culture,touristattraction,and

activities,avacationtoAmericaofferstouriststheopportunityto

experienceseveralculturesandexploreawidevarietyofsightsand

activities.ThemajortwocountriesofNorthernAmerica;theUnited

StatesandCanadaofferhundredsofexcitingtouristlocations.

5chapterfiveintroducethetourismandcultureofSouth

America

SouthAmericaisthefourthlargestcontinentinsizeandthefifth

largestinpopulation.Itislocatedprimarilynthesouthern

hemisphere,isborderedbytheAtlanticOceantotheeastandthe

PacificOceaninthewest.ThegeographyofSouthAmericais

dominatedbytheAndsMountainRangeandtheAmazonRiver.

PriortoEuropeancolonization,theIncanCivilizationwasa

dominantforceinSouthAmerica.Inthe1500's,SpainandPortugal

colonizedmuchofSouthAmerica.Thecoloniesgained

independenceinthe1800'swiththehelpofleaderssuchasSimon

BolivarandJosedeSanMartin.Asaresult,muchofSouthAmerica

stillspeaksSpanishandPortugueseistheprimarylanguageof

Brazil.

OceaniaofcultureandtourismtheintroducesixChapter6．

OceaniaisaregioncenteredontheislandsofthetropicalPacific

Ocean.ConceptionsofwhatconstitutesOceaniarangefromthe

coralatollsandvolcanicislandsoftheSouthPacific（ethnologically

dividedintothesubregionsofMelanesia,Micronesia,andPolynesia）

totheentireinsularregionbetweenAsiaandtheAmericas,

includingAustralasiaandtheMalayArchipelago.Thetermis

sometimesusedmorespecificallytodenoteacontinentcomprising

Australiaandproximateislands,orbiogeographicallyasasynonym

foreithertheAustralasianecozone（WallaceaandAustralasia）orthe

Pacificecozone（Melanesia,Polynesia,andMicronesiaaparteither

fromNewZealandorfrommainlandNewGuine.

Part2thoughtsafterthecourse—cultural

globalization

Afterlearningthiscourse,Iknowthatdifferentcountryhasits

specialty.Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,theworldis

becomingsmallerandsmaller.Peoplefromdifferentcountryhavea

lotofchancestointeractwitheachother.Theremaybesome

conflictionsbecausetheyhavedifferentculture.Inthisaspectpeople

shouldbetoleranttoeachother.Herecomesthenecessityof

learningdifferentcultureintheworld.Whenwetrytokeepourown

culture,wecanalsolearngoodthingsfromothersandkeepthebad

aphenomenon,economicanonlynotisglobalizationAsaway.side

multivariateapproachtomeasuringglobalizationistherecentindex

calculatedbytheSwissthinktankKOF.Theindexmeasuresthe

threemaindimensionsofglobalization:

economic,social,and

political.Inadditiontothreeindicesmeasuringthesedimensions,an

overallindexofglobalizationandsub-indicesreferringtoactual

economicflows,economicrestrictions,dataonpersonalcontact,

dataoninformationflows,anddataonculturalproximityis

calculated.Dataisavailableonayearlybasisfor122countries,as

detailedinDreher,GastonandMartens.Accordingtotheindex,the

world'smostglobalizedcountryisBelgium,followedbyAustria,

Sweden,theUnitedKingdomandtheNetherlands.Amongallkinds

ofglobalization,culturalglobalizationisveryimportantasitcan

changethemindofthinking.CulturalGlobalizationreferstothe

transmissionofideas,meaningsandvaluesacrossnationalborders.

Thisprocessismarkedbythespreadofcommoditiesandideologies,

whichbecomestandardizedaroundtheworld.Massconsumption

servesasafacilitatorbetweendifferentpeopleandculturesaround

theglobeasaresultoftheexp