物流配送中心选址外文文献剖析.docx

物流配送中心选址外文文献剖析.docx

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物流配送中心选址外文文献剖析

logisticsdistributioncenterlocationfactors:

（1）thegoodsdistributionandquantity.Thisisthedistributioncenteranddistributionoftheobject,suchasgoodssourceandthefutureofdistribution,historyandcurrentandfutureforecastanddevelopment,etc.Distributioncentershouldasfaraspossibleandproducerformintheareaanddistributionshortoptimization.Thequantityofgoodsisalongwiththegrowthofthesizedistributionandconstantgrowth.Goodshighergrowthrate,themoredemanddistributioncenterlocationisreasonableandreducingconveyingprocessunnecessarywaste.

（2）transportationconditions.Thelocationoflogisticsdistributioncentershouldbeclosetothetransportationhub,andtoformthelogisticsdistributioncenterintheprocessofapropernodes.Intheconditional,distributioncentershouldbeasclosetotherailwaystation,portandhighway.

（3）landconditions.Logisticsdistributioncentercoversanareaoflandinincreasinglyexpensiveproblemtodayismoreandmoreimportant.Istheuseoftheexistinglandorlandagain?

Landprice?

Whethertoconformtotherequirementsoftheplanforthegovernment,andsoon,intheconstructiondistributioncenterhaveconsidered.

（4）commoditiesflow.Enterpriseproductionofconsumergoodsasthepopulationshiftandchange,shouldaccordingtoenterprise'sbetterdistributionsystempositioning.Meanwhile,industrialproductsmarketwilltransferchange,inordertodeterminetherawmaterialsandsemi-finishedproductsofcommoditiessuchaschangeofflowinthelocationoflogisticsdistributioncentershouldbeconsideredwhentheflowofthespecificconditionsoftherelevantgoods.

（5）otherfactors.Suchaslabor,transportationandserviceconveniencedegree,investmentrestrictions,etc.

Howtoreducelogisticscost，enhancetheadaptivecapacityandstraincapacityofdistributioncenterisakeyresearchquestionofagriculturalproductlogisticsdistributioncenter．Atpresent，mostoftheresearchonlogisticscostconcentratesofftheoreticalanalysisofdirectfactorsoflogisticscost,andsolvestheproblemofover-highlogisticsCostmainlybydirectchannelsolution．Thisresearchstressesontheviewofhowtoloeatedistributioncenter,analyzestheinfluenceoflocatingdistributioncenteronlogisticscost．andfindsonekindofsimpleandeasylocationmethodbycarryingonthelocationanalysisofdistributioncenterthroughcomputermodelingandtheapplicationofExeel．Sothelocationofagriculturalproductlogisticsdistributioncentercanbeachievedscientificallyandreasonably,whichwillattainthegoalofreducinglogisticscost,andhaveadecision．makingsupportfunctiontothelogistiesfacilitiesandplanningofagriculturalproduct．

Theagriculturalproductlogisticsdistributioncenterdealswithdozensandevenhundredsofclientseveryday,andtransactionsaremadeinhigh-frequency.Ifthedistributioncenterisfarawayfromotherdistributionpoints，themovingandtransportingofmaterialsandthecollectingofoperationaldataisinconvenientandcostly.costly．Themodernizationofagriculturalproductlogisticssdistributioncenterisacomplexengineeringsystem，notonlyinvolveslogisticstechnology,informationtechnology,butalsologisticsmanagementideasanditsmethods，inparticularthespecifyingofstrategiclocationandbusinessmodelisessentialfortheconstructingofdistributioncenter.Howtoreducelogisticscost，enhancetheadaptivecapacityandstraincapacityofdistributioncenterisakeyresearchquestionofagriculturalproductlogisticsdistributioncenter.Theso—calledlogisticscostsreferstotheexpendituresummationofmanpower,materialandfinancialresourcesinthemovingprocessofthegoods．suchasloadingandunloading，conveying，transport，storage，circulating，processing,informationprocessingandothersegments.Inaword。

thelogisticscostisthecostofcompletingalllogistiesactivities．Andtheresponsibilityofreducing109istiescostnotonlyreliesonthelogisticssection，butalsoontheestablishmentof”businessstrategy”toagreatextent．Inchainoperation．tolowertotallogisticscostofdistributioncenterisastrongsupportofchainsupermarket’s”profit”.Thelogisticscostinchainoperationoccupiesalargeproportionofthecostoftheentire2

circulation．Thechainsupermarketcompany’slogisticscostindevelopedcountriessuchasTheUnitedStates．JapanandEuropeusuallyaccountsfor4-6％ofthesales．Thelogisticscostofcoldstoragedistribution（includingfrozen，chilled）is2．5timesthelogisticscostofnormaltemperaturedistribution．Ifthespecialattentionisnotpaidtotheaccountingoflogisticscostofdistributioncenter,itwouldliketobringtheseriousconsequencetotheenterprise．

Thebestlocationofagriculturalproductlogisticsdistributioncentershouldbelocatednearby“RiverGarden”throughabovecomputermodelinganalysis;itistheminimumtransportcostfromeachof5pointstothelocation.Therearemanyuncertainfactorsdifficulttobemeasuredinactualapplications,whichcanbesolvedbyadjustingtransportratRi.Thislocationcanbasicallymeetthedemand.hekeyofthemodel’sapplicationistheaccuratesubstitutionofthemaps,anditisnotdifficulttofigureout．Inactuallogisticspractice，possiblyinvolvingtensorevenhundredsofdistributionpoints，theuseofcomputermethodswillbeveryvaluable。

Theoreticallyspeaking，althoughitsprecisionhascertainerror；comparedtothetraditionallocationmethoddependingonsubjectiveimagination．itisscientificsomewhat．Additionally,theabove-mentionedmethodisconcise，andnoadvancedcomputerprogrammingtechnologyisneeded，aslongaswithcertaincomputerknowledgeandoperatingskills，anyonecancompleteit，andeasilyapplyittologisticspractice．ExperiencesfromabroadshowsthatthecorrectlocationofagriculturalproductlogisticsdistributioncenterwillhelpthehealthyandOrderlydevelopmentoflogisticsindustry．

Therapidindustrializationandgrowthofmanycountriesaroundtheworldhasspurredthedevelopmentofsupplychainsmanagementreacharoundtheworld.Supplychainmanagementisthemanagementwhichincreasesthevalueofsupplychain.Itistheprocessofplan,moderatenessandcontrolamongdepartmentsandorganizationsinthewholesupplychaintotheflowofgoods,informationandcapitaletc.Itspurposeistomaximizenetvalueandincreaseoperationalefficiencyandeffectivenesstoallrelatedprocessthroughsystemoptimization.

Supplychainmanagementisthehighstageoflogisticsdevelopment,whichprovideopportunitiesformanufacturerstocutcostsandbeclosertoemergingand3

highgrowthmarketsbutithasalsocreatednewrisks.Assupplychainsbecomemoreandmoredependentontheefficientoflogisticscenterinsupplychainhavegreatinfluencetothemodernlogistics.Itplayanimportantroleinmakinguseoflogisticresources,upgradinglogisticstechnologyandlogisticsequipment,improvingqualityofservice,improvinglogisticsinvestmentenvironment,promotingthegrowthofthethirdpartylogisticsprovider.Inaddition,thesiteselectionoflogisticsdistributioncenterisanimportantpartoflogisticsplanning,andthequalityofsiteselectionprogramhasadirectlyinfluencetoservicecostandscopeofthewholelogisticssystem.

Ourmodelisavariantofthestandardfixedchargecapacitatedfacilitylocationmodelswithseveralsources;whichhasthesameconstraintsbutusesanon-linearobjectivefunctiontocapturetheoperationalaspectsofleadtimesandservicelevelexplicitly.Assiteselectionoflogisticsdistributioncenterisadiscretecombinatorialoptimizationproblem.Inthispaper,wediscusstheuseofgeneticalgorithms（GA）forsolvingthesiteselectionproblem.TheadvantageofGAisthattheirchromosomesrepresentationsdependontheconstraintsandnottheobjectivefunction.Thus,bymodifyingonlythefitnessfunction,wecanuseagivenrepresentationtodevelopGAtooptimizedifferentobjectivesunderthesameconstraints.

SiteselectionoflogisticsdistributioncentersisakindofNPhardproblem．Whenthenumberofvendorsanddeliverscrease，thecomplexityoftheproblemgrowsintheformofexponential．Attheprocessofsiteselection，thispaperconsiderthefactorsamongvendors，dealers，distributioncentersandtheoptimizationproblemsundersupplychainmanagementetcanddesignmesolutionmodelandtestthemodelwithmatlabatlast．Atpresent，thetheoreticalstudyandpracticalapplicationoftheoptimizationproblemisrelativelylessforthesystemofSiteselectionundermewholesupplychainmanagement．So，thispaperproposesthepracticemodeloftheproblemandtestitwithGAhasacentersignificanceofresearch.However,thispapersimplifiesthecostofdeliverypath,theimpactofcertainstoragemanagementstrategyandadministrativemeasurestositeselectionofdistributioncentersarenotconsideredtoo,etc.Thoseproblemsareallthefocusinourfuturestudy.

Theironandsteelindustryhasenormouslogisticscomponents;itisunderconstantpressuretoshortendeliverytime,improvequality,reducecost,andimproveservice.Therefore,howtocontrolthelogisticscostsundertheexistingconditionistheurgentproblemfortheironandsteelenterprises.

Inrecentyears,manyresearchershaveconductedstudiesonLogisticsCostManagement.Forcostcontrolofironandsteelenterprises,thesestudiesmainlytooktheviewpointofproductionlogisticsandproductiontechniques.

Aspresent,thelogisticscostcontrolofsmallandmedium-sizedironandsteelenterprisesmainlyhavethefollowingmajorproblems:

Inordertopreventinterruptionof