英语形容词名词动词副词互变方法规律.docx

英语形容词名词动词副词互变方法规律.docx

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英语形容词名词动词副词互变方法规律

英语形容词，名词，动词，副词互变方法规律

一．名词变形容词：

1．名词后加-y,如：

luck→lucky,cloud→cloudy;wind→windy;rain→rainy;

sun→sunny,snow→snowynoise-noisyhealth→healthy

2．在名词后加-ly,如：

friend→friendlylove→lovelyday→daily

3．方位名词加-ern，如：

east→easternwest→western

south→southernnorth→northern

二．动词变形容词

1.词尾加ful:

use-useful,care-careful,help-helpful,

thank-thankfulpeace-peaceful,

forget-forgetful,play-playful,

succeed-successful,wonder-wonderful

2.词尾加d或ed:

please-pleased,unite-united,excite-excited,

surprise-surprised,organize-organized,close-closed,

wound-wounded,relax-relaxed,develop-developed,

appreciate-appreciated,frustrate-frustrated,

interest-interested,annoy-annoyed,use-used,

frighten-frightened,crowd-crowded,thrill-thrilled,

pollute-polluted

3.词尾加ing:

interest-interesting,

surprise-surprising,

excite-exciting

develop-developing,

frighten-frightening,

thrill-thyrilling

frustrate-frustrating,

relax_relaxing,

live-living

rock-rocking,

sleep-sleeping

4.词尾变y为i,加ed:

worry-worried,marry-married,fry-fried,terrify-terrifiedsatisfy-satisfied

5.词尾加able:

know-knowledgeable,enjoy-enjoyabe,suit-suitable，adjust-adjustable,comfort-comfortable

6.其它：

lose-lost,fool-foolish,live-lively

sleep-sleepy/sleeping/asleep,wake-awake,taste-tasty

speak-spoken,break-broken,die-dead,educate-aducational,

world-worldwide

三．形容词变副词规律小结

例词

1.大部分形容词加ly

careless----carelessly

quiet----quietly

different----differently

2.以le结尾的形容词变le为ly

possible----possibly

terrible----terribly

comfortable----comfortably

gentle----gently

simple----simply

3.以y结尾的形容词

变y为ily

easy----easily

angry----angrily

noisy----noisily

happy----happily

heavy----heavily

healthy----healthily

不规则变化

本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变

fast----fast

early----early

high----high

hard----hard

late----late

far----far

wide----wide

alone----alone

形容词和副词为完全不同的单词

good----well

需要去掉字母e的单词

true----truly

gentle----gently

terrible----terribly

虽然以ly结尾，但却是形容词，不能直接用来修饰动词

friendly

lively

lovely

lonely

Likely

有些形容词本身即为副词，同时也有加ly的副词形式。

但加不加ly意思不一样，使用时需注意

wide（形容词，宽阔的，睁大的）----wide（副词，睁大地）/widely（副词，广泛地）,

late（形容词，晚的）-----late（副词，晚地），lately（最近）

high（形容词，高的）----high（副词，高地）/highly（副词，高度地）

特别容易犯错的副词

形容词-----副词

备注

hard副词容易写成hardly,hardly意思为“几乎不”，与hard无任何关系

friendly

不能用friendly直接修饰动词，只能改成inafriendlyway“用一种友好的方式”。

如：

Hesmiledatmeinafriendlyway.

Excited------excitedly

容易拼错

Healthy-----healthily

容易拼错

Polite-------politely

不用去掉字母e。

类似的词还有：

widely,nicely,closely,