职称英语真题理工类C含答案与解析.docx
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职称英语真题理工类C含答案与解析
2012年职称英语考试理工类C级试题及参考答案
第一部分：
词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Youhadtroublefindingapurewatersupply
A.typical
B.complete
C.clear
D.clean
2.Keepyourpassportinasecureplace.
A.safeBspecialCgoodDdifferent
3.Manyformsofcancercanbecuredifdetectedearly
A.selected
B.operated
C.discovered
D.developed
4.Onthetablewasavasefilledwithartificialflowers
A.wild
B.false
C.fresh
D.lovely
5.Thestorywaspublishedwiththesolepurposeofsellingnewspapers
A.only
B.real
C.main
D.practical
6.I’dliketowithdraw500frommycurrentaccount
A.leave
B.pay
C.put
D.draw
7.HekeptinconstantcontactwithhisfamilywhilehewasinAustralia
A.gradual
B.direst
C.regular
D.occasional
8.Sheonlyneedsaminuteamountofmoney
A.small
B.certainr
C.fair
D.full
9.“Whatdoyoumeanbythat”Paulaskedsharply
A.helplessy
B.politely
C.quickly
D.critically
10.Didsheaccepthisresearchproposal?
A.invitation
B.plan
C.offer
D.view
11.Thecitycentrewaswipedoutbythebomb
A.covered
B.reduced
C.destroyed
D.moved
12.Thecontempthefeltforhisfellowstudentswasobvious
A.need
Blove
Chate
D.pity
13.AlargecrowdassembledoutsidetheAmericanembassy
A.watched
B.shouted
C.walked
D.gathered
14.Heinspiredmanyyoungpeopletotakeupthesport
A.allowed
B.encouraged
C.called
D.advised
15.Thestormcausedseveredamage.
AseriousBphysicalCaccidentalDenvironmental
第二部分：
阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
EasternQuakesCanTriggerBigShakes
InthefirstweekofNovember2011,peopleincentralOklahomaexperiencedmorethantwodozenearthquakes.Thelargest,amagnitude5.6quake,shookthousandsoffansinacollegefootballstadium,causedcracksinafewbuildingsandrattledthenervesofmanypeoplewhohadneverfeltaquakebefore.Oklahomaisnotanareaofthecountryfamousforitsquakes.IfyouwatchthenewsonTV,youseereportsaboutallsortsofnaturaldisasters—hurricanes,tornadoes,floodingandwildfires,tonameafew.Butthemostdangeroustypeofnaturaldisaster,andalsothemostunpredictable,istheearthquake.
ResearchersattheU.S.GeologicalSurveyestimatethatseveralmillionearthquakesrattletheglobeeachyear.Thatmaysoundscary,butpeopledon’tfeelmanyofthetremorsbecausetheyhappeninremoteandunpopulatedregions.Manyquakeshappenundertheocean,andothershaveaverysmallmagnitude,orshakingintensity.
Amagnitude5.8earthquakethatstruckcentralVirginiatheafternoonofAugust23,2011,wasfeltfromcentralGeorgiatosoutheasternCanada.Inmanyurbanareas,includingWashington,D.C.,andNewYorkCity（WallStreetshown）,peoplecrowdedthestreetswhileengineersinspectedbuildings.Credit:
Wikimedia/AlexTabak
Scientistsknowaboutsmall,remotequakesonlybecauseofverysensitiveelectronicdevicescalledseismometers.Thesedevicesdetectandmeasurethesizeofgroundvibrationsproducedbyearthquakes.Altogether,USGSresearchersuseseismometerstoidentifyandlocateabout20,000earthquakeseachyear.
Althoughearthquakescanhappenanywhereintheworld,reallybigquakesoccuronlyincertainareas.Thelargestonesregisteramagnitude8orhigherandhappen,onaverage,onlyonceeachyear.SuchbigonestypicallyoccuralongtheedgesofEarth’stectonicplates.
TectonicplatesarehugepiecesofEarth’scrust,sometimesmanykilometersthick.Theseplatescoverourplanet’ssurfacelikeajigsawpuzzle.Often,jaggededgesoftheseplatestemporarilylocktogether.Whenplatesjostleandscrapepasteachotherearthquakesoccur.Onaverage,tectonicplatesmoveveryslowly—aboutthesamespeedasyourfingernailsgrow.
Butsometimesearthquakesrumblethroughportionsofthelandscapefarfromaplate’sedges.Althoughlessexpected,these“mid-plate”tremorscandosubstantialdamage.SomeofthebiggestknownexamplesrattledtheeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatestwocenturiesago.Today,scientistsarestillpuzzlingoverwhythequakesoccurredandwhensimilaronesmightoccur.
16.Oklahomaisanareaoftenexperiencingnaturaldisasters.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
17.Theearthquakeisthemostunpredictablenaturaldisaster.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
18.Fewearthquakeshappenwithoutpeople'sawareness.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
19.SeismometerscanidentifyandlocatemostoftheearthquakesinChina.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
20.Bigearthquakesofamagnitude80rhigherseldomhappenfarfromtheedgesoftectonicplates.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
21.Whenevertectonicplatesmove,earthquakeshappen.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
22.TheearthquakethathittheeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatestwocenturiesagoisthebiggest"mid-plate"oneinhistory.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
第三部分：
概括大意和完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：
（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;
（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
LearnaboutLight
1Ancientcivilizationswereamazedbytheexistenceoflightforthousandsofyears.TheGreekphilosophersbelievedthatlightwasmadeupofcountless,tinyparticlesthatenterthehumaneyeandcreatewhatwecallvision.However,EmpedoclesandaDutchscientistnamedChristianHuygensbelievedthatlightwaslikeawave.Accordingtothem,lightspreadoutandtravelledlikeastraightline.Thistheorywasacceptedduringthe19thcentury.
2ln1905,AlbertEinsteinpublishedaresearchpaperinwhichheexplainedwhatisreferredtoasthephotoelectriceffect.Thistheoryexplainsthatparticlesmakeuplight.TheparticlesEinsteinwasreferringtoareweightlessbundles（束）ofelectromagnetic（电磁）energycalledphotons（光子）.Today,scientistsagreethatlighthasadual（二重）nature—itispartparticleandpartwave.Itisaformofenergythatallowsustoseethingsaroundus.
3Thingsthatgiveofflightareknownassourcesoflight.Duringtheday,theprimarysourceoflightisthesun.Othersourcesoflightincludestars,flames,flashlights,streetlampsandglowinggasesinglasstube.
4Whenwedrawthewaylighttravelswealwaysusestraightlines.Thisisbecausenormallylightraystravelinastraightline.However,therearesomeinstancesthatcanchangethepathandeventhenatureoflight.Theyarereflection,absorption,interference（干扰）,etc.
5Physicistshaveattemptedtomeasurethespeedoflightsincetheearlytimes.In1849,HippolyteFizeauconductedanexperimentbydirectingabeamoflighttoamirrorlocatedkilometersawayandplacedarotatingcogwheel（旋转齿轮）betweenthebeamandthemirror.Fromtherateofrotationofthewheel,numberofwheel’steethanddistanceofthemirror,hewasabletocalculatethatthespeedoflightis313millionmeterspersecond.Inavacuum（真空）,however,thespeedoflightis299,792,458meterspersecond.Thisisaboutamilliontimesfasterthanthespeedofanairplane.
23.Paragraph2____
24.Paragraph3_____
25.Paragraph4_____
26.Paragraph5_____
A.Howdoeslighttravel?
B.Howdidpeoplethinkoflightyearsago?
C.Howisthenatureoflightexplainedtoday?
D.Howdidphysicistsmeasurethespeedoflight?
E.Whataresourcesoflight?
F.Whatcausesashadow?
27.Objectsarevisibletothehumaneyeaslightis______
28.Stars,flames,flashlightsaresomeexamplesof_____
29.Someinstancessuchasreflectionandabsorptioncanchange______
30.Airishelpfultoincrease______
A.astraightline
B.abeamoflight
C.sourcesoflight
D.thepathoflight
E.aformofenergy
F.thespeedoflight
第四部分：
阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
Graphene'sSuperstrength
Bigtechnologycomesintinypackages.Newcellphonesandpersonalcomputersgetsmallereveryyear,whichmeanstheseelectronicsrequireevensmallercomponentsontheinside.Engineersarelookingforcreativewaystobuildthesecomponents,andthey'veturnedtheireyestographene,asuperthinmaterial,madeofcarbon,thatcouldchangethefutureofelectronics.
Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysicshasbeenawardedtoAndreGeimandKostyaNovoselovfromtheUniversityofManchester,UK.forthediscoveryofgraphene.Grapheneisn'tjustsmall,it's"thethinnestpossiblematerialinthisworld."saysNovoselov.Hecallsita"wondermaterial."It'ssothinthatyouwouldneedtostackabout25,000sheetsjusttomakeapileasthickasapieceofordinarywhitepaper.Ifyouweretoholdasheetofgrapheneinyourfingers,you'dhavenoideabecauseyouwouldn'tbeabletoseeit.
Carbonisoneofthemostabundantelementsintheuniverse.Everyknownkindoflifecontainscarbon.Grapheneisasheetofcarbon,butonlyoneatomthick.Youdon'thavetolookfartofindgraphene—it'sallaroundyou.
Ifyouwantthishigh-techwonderstuff,allyouneedisapencil,paperandalittleadhesivetape.Usethepenciltoshadeasmallareaonthepaper,andthenapplyasmallpieceofadhesivetapeoverthearea.Whenyoupullupthetape,you'11seethatitpullsupathinlayerofsomeoftheshadingfromyourpencil.Thatlayeriscalledgraphite,oneofthesoftestmineralsintheworld.
Nowstickthesamepieceoftapeonanothersheetofpaperandpullthetapeup---thereshouldbeaneventhinnerlayer,thistimeleftonthepaper.Nowimaginethatyoudothisoverandover,untilyougetthethinnestpossiblelayerofmaterialonthepaper.Thislayerwouldbeonlyoneatomthick,and
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