大学英语四级选词填空专项训练.docx
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大学英语四级选词填空专项训练
大学英语四级（选词填空）专项训练
20XX年6月大学英语四级真题Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thepopularnotionthatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungeradultsisamyth,scientistssaidyesterday.Whileelderlypeople__47__tosleepforfewerhoursthantheydidwhentheywereyounger,thishasa（n）__48__effectontheirbrain＇sperformanceandtheywouldbenefitfromgettingmore,accordingtoresearch.SeanDrummond,a.psychiatrist（心理医生）attheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,saidolderpeoplearemorelikelytosufferfrombrokensleep,whileyoungerpeoplearebetteratsleeping__49__straightthroughthenight.Moresleepinoldage,however,is__50__withbetterhealth,andmostolderpeoplewouldfeelbetterandmore__51__iftheysleptforlongerperiods,hesaid.“Theabilitytosleepinonechunk（整块时间）overnightgoesdownasweagebuttheamountofsleepweneedto__52__welldoesnotchange,”DrDrummondtoldtheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScienceconferenceinSanDiego.“It＇s__53__amyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleep.Themorehealthyanolderadultis,themoretheysleepliketheydidwhentheywere__54__.Ourdatasuggeststhatolderadultswouldbenefitfrom__55__togetasmuchsleepastheydidintheir30s.That＇s__56__frompersontoperson,buttheamountofsleepwehadat35isprobablythesameamountasweneedat75.”注意：
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A）alertI）formallyB）associatedJ）functionC）attractingK）mixedD）clingL）negativeE）continuingM）sufficientF）definitelyN）tendG）differentO）younger答案PartIVReadingComprehension（Readingindepth）47Ntend48Lnegative49Hefficiently50Bassociated51Aalert52Jfunction/53Fdefinitely54Oyounger55Econtinuing56Gdifferent文章大意：
本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：
是否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少的睡眠时间？
20XX年12月英语四级考试真题Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whatdeterminesthekindofpersonyouare?
Whatfactorsmakeyoumoreorlessbold,intelligent,orabletoreadamap?
Alloftheseareinfluencedbytheinteractionofyourgenesandtheenvironmentinwhichyouwere47.Thestudyofhowgenesandenvironmentinteracttoinfluence48activityisknownasbehavioralgenetics.Behavioralgeneticshasmadeimportant49tothebiologicalrevolution,providinginformationabouttheextenttowhichbiologyinfluencesmind,brainandbehavior.Anyresearchthatsuggeststhat50toperformcertainbehaviorsarebasedinbiologyiscontroversial.Whowantstobetoldthattherearelimitationstowhatyoucan51basedonsomethingthatisbeyondyourcontrol,suchasyourgenes?
Itiseasytoacceptthatgenescontrolphysicalcharacteristicssuchassex,raceandeyecolor.Butcangenesalsodeterminewhetherpeoplewillgetdivorced,how52theyare,orwhatcareertheyarelikelytochoose?
Aconcernofpsychologicalscientistsisthe53towhichallofthesecharacteristicsareinfluencedbynatureandnurture（养育）,bygeneticmakeupandtheenvironment.Increasingly,science54thatgeneslaythegroundworkformanyhumantraits.Fromthisperspective,peopleareborn55likeundevelopedphotographs:
Theimageisalreadycaptured,butthewayit56appearscanvarybasedonthedevelopmentprocess.However,thebasicpictureistherefromthebeginning.注意：
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
［A］abilities［I］extent［B］achieve［J］indicates［C］appeal［K］proceeds［D］complaints［L］psychological［E］contributions［M］raised［F］displayed［N］smart［G］essentially［O］standard［H］eventually答案PartIVReadingComprehension（Readingindepth）47.M）raised48.L）psychological49.E）contributions50.A）abilities51.B）achieve52.N）smart53.I）extent54.J）indicates55.G）essentially56.H）eventually20XX年6月英语四级考试真题PartIVReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）（25minutes） SectionA Directions:
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce. Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage. Whenwethinkofgreenbuildings,wetendtothinkofnewones–thekindofhigh-tech,solar-paneledmasterpiecesthatmakethecoversofarchitecturemagazines.ButtheU.S.hasmorethan100millionexistinghomes,anditwouldbe__47__wastefultotearthemalldownand__48__themwithgreenerversions.Anenormousamountofenergyandresourceswentintotheconstructionofthosehouses.Anditwouldtakeanaverageof65yearsforthe__49__carbonemissionsfromanewenergy-efficienthometomakeupfortheresourceslostbydestroyinganoldone.Sointhebroadest__50__,thegreenesthomeistheonethathasalreadybeenbuilt.Butatthesametime,nearlyhalfofU.S.carbonemissionscomefromheating,coolingand__51__ourhomes,officesandotherbuildings.“Youcan＇tdealwithclimatechangewithoutdealingwithexistingbuildings,“saysRichardMoe,thepresidentoftheNationalTrust. Withsome__52__,theoldesthomestendtobetheleastenergy-efficient.Housesbuiltbefore1939useabout50%moreenergypersquarefootthanthosebuiltafter20XX年,mainlyduetothetinycracksandgapsthat__53__overtimeandletinmoreoutsideair. Fortunately,therearea__54__numberofrelativelysimplechangesthatcangreenolderhomes,from__55__oneslikeLincoln＇sCottagetoyourownpostwarhome.Andefficiencyupgrades（升级）cansavemorethanjusttheearth;theycanhelp__56__propertyownersfromrisingpowercosts. 注意：
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A）accommodationsB）clumsyC）doubtfulD）exceptionsE）expandF）historicG）incrediblyH）poweringI）protectJ）reducedK）replaceL）senseM）shiftedN）supplyingO）vast答案PartIVReadingComprehension（Readingindepth） 47.Gincredibly48.Kreplace49.Jreduced50.Lsense51.Hpowering 52.Dexceptions 53.Eexpand54.Ovast55.Fhistoric56.Iprotect20XX年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案 Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage. Infamilieswithtwoworkingparents,fathersmayhavemoreimpactonachild’slanguagedevelopmentthanmothers,anewstudysuggests. Researchers4792familiesform11childcarecentersbeforetheirchildrenwereayearold,interviewingeachtoestablishincome,levelofeducationandchildcarearrangements.Overall,itwasagroupofwell-classfamilies,withmarriedparentsbothlivinginthehome. Whenthechildrenwere2,researchersvideotapedthemathomeinfree-playsessionswithbothparents,48alloftheirspeech.ThestudywillappearintheNovemberissueofTheJournalofAppliedDevelopmentalPsychology. Thescientistsmeasuredthe49numberofutterance（话语）oftheparents,thenumberofdifferentwordstheyused,thecomplexityoftheirsentencesandother50oftheirspeech.Onaverage,fathersspokelessthanmothersdid,buttheydidnotdifferinthelengthofutterancesorproportionofquestionsasked. Finally,theresearchers51thechildren’sspeechatage3,usingastandardizedlanguagetest.Theonlypredictorsofhighscoresonthetestwerethemother’slevelofeducation,the52ofchildcareandthenumberofdifferentwordsthefatherused. Theresearchersare53whythefather’sspeech,andnotthemother’s,hadaneffect. “It’swell54thatthemother’slanguagedoeshaveanimpact,”saidNadyaPancsofar,theleadauthorofthestudy.Itcouldbethatthehigh-functioningmothersinthestudyhad55hadastronginfluenceontheirchildren’sspeechdevelopment,Ms.Pancsofarsaid,“oritmaybethatmothersare56inawaywedidn’tmeasureinthestudy.” 注意：
此部分试题在答题卡1上。
A）alreadyB）analyzedC）aspectsD）charactersE）contributingF）describingG）establishedH）qualityI）quotedJ）recordingK）recruitedL）totalM）unconsciousN）unsureO）yet答案PartIVReadingComprehension（Readingindepth） 47.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
K【火眼金睛】本句缺少谓语，根据句中before引导的时间状语从句中的过去时态，可以断定谓语动词应使用过去时。
根据句意，备选动词中recruited符合题意。
此外备选词中analyzed是强干扰项，但其实并不合适，因为“研究者们分析了92个家庭……，并且逐一询问了他们的收入、受教育状况、孩子的照顾情况。
”其中“分析”与“逐一询问”在逻辑意义上不符。
48.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
J【火眼金睛】空格处在with短语中，且应该作宾语parents的补足语。
根据句意可知此处应为“研究人员将他们与父母双方在家自由玩耍的情景录制下来，并记录他们所有的谈话。
”可以看出此处需填一个动名词，并含有“记录”的意思，备选动词中recording符合题意。
49.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
L【火眼金睛】空格位于the与number之间，可知此处需填入一个形容词作定语。
备选形容词中total符合题意，意为“父母亲话语总的数量”。
50.【快速解题】名词辨义题。
C【火眼金睛】空格位于other之后，可知此处需填入名词，备选名词只有aspects符合题意，意为“科学家们测量了父母亲话语总的数量，使用不同词汇的数量，他们的语句的复杂程度以及他们语言的其他方面。
”51.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
B【火眼金睛】空格在主语theresearchers之后，可知此处应填入谓语动词的过去时态。
剩余的备选动词中analyzed符合题意，意为“最后，当孩子们三岁时，研究者们对孩子进行了标准化的语言测试，并对他们的语言进行了分析。
” 52.【快速解题】名词辨义题。
H【火眼金睛】空格处前后分别为the与of，可知此处需填入名词，根据上下文可知该句意为“测试中，预测高分的指标包括母亲受教育的程度，养育孩子的质量，父亲使用不同词汇的数量。
”备选名词中quality符合题意。
53.【快速解题】形容词辨义题。
N【火眼金睛】空格位于be动词与why从句之间，可知需填入形容词或过去分词，以构成系表结构。
动词中的剩余词汇，均不能使句意通顺。
备选形容词中unsure可使句意通顺，意为“令研究者们疑惑的是为什么父亲而非母亲的语言对孩子有影响。
” 54.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
G【火眼金睛】空格处在iswell和that从句之间，此处需要填入过去分词。
备选动词中established符合题意,其中itiswellestablishedthat…，意为“大家公认……”。
55.【快速解题】副词辨义题。
A【火眼金睛】本句结构完整，空格处需填入一个副词。
空格前后的had并不相同，前面的had是构成过去完成时态的助动词，后面的had是短语haveastronginfluenceon…，结合句意，备选副词中already符合题意。
56.【快速解题】动词辨义题。
E【火眼金睛】纵观全句，空格处应填入现在分词，与are构成现在进行时态。
根据句意“最终对于整个学校的文化氛围都会产生有益的影响”。
备选动词中contributing符合题意,意为“可能母亲起作用的方式在研究中我们没有测量。
”20XX年6月英语四级考试真题与答案Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.EveryyearinthefirstweekofmyEnglishclass,somestudentsinformmethatwrithingistoohard.Theyneverwrite,unlessassignments47it.Theyfinethewritingprocess48anddifficult.Howawfultobeabletospeakinalanguagebutnottowriteinit-49English,withitsrichvocabulary.Beingabl
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