教育文档高考英语一轮复习练习题 Unit 1 Festivals around the world及解析答案新人教版必修3doc.docx
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教育文档高考英语一轮复习练习题Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld及解析答案新人教版必修3doc
Festivalsaroundtheworld
【阅读理解插花】
Itissaidthatifyouwanttostayyoung,sitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctors,whosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise—andasaresult,wearegrowingoldunnecessarilysoon.
ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyage,andhowtheprocessofagingcouldbesloweddown.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversity,hesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidepartsofthebrain,whichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathing,doesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoneconomicalfaculties.Contractionoffrontandsideparts—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirties,butitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixty-andseventy-year-olds.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimplewaytothecontractionnormallyconnectedwithage—usingthehead.
Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetown.Thoseleastatrisk,saysMatsuzawa,arelawyers,followedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesare,however,aslikelytohaveshrinking(萎缩)brainsasthefarmworkers,busdriversandshopassistants.
Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneed.“Thebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrain.”hesays.“Thinkhardandengageinconversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators.”
【文章大意】本文讲述了想要保持年轻的秘诀:
越是乐于思考、使用大脑的人,越不容易脑衰老,这是日本一个医学研究团队的研究结果。
1.Theteamofdoctorswantedtofindout________.
A.thesizeofcertainpeople’sbrains
B.howtomakepeoplelivelonger
C.whichpeoplearemostintelligent
D.whycertainpeopleareagingsoonerthanothers.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
根据第二段“ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyage,andhowtheprocessofagingcouldbesloweddown.”医生们想要研究如何减缓老龄化的过程,也就是说如何让人们更长寿。
2.Onwhataretheirresearchfindingsbased?
A.Thestudyofbrainvolumesofdifferentpeople.
B.Thestudyofbrainvolumesofoldpeople.
C.Thelatestdevelopmentofcomputertechnology.
D.AsurveyoffarmersinnorthernJapan.
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第二段“hesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.”可知通过测量一千个不同年龄不同职业的人的脑容量来做实验。
3.Thedoctors’testsshowthat________.
A.ourbrainsshrinkaswegrowolder
B.thefrontsectionofthebraindoesnotshrink
C.sixty-year-oldshavebetterbrainsthanthirty-year-olds
D.somepeople’sbrainshavecontractedmorethanotherpeople’s
【解析】选D。
推理判断题。
根据第三段“Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetown.”研究发现农村的人比城镇的人的大脑更早开始萎缩,然后后面又列出不同职业的对比,脑萎缩最慢的是律师,紧接着是大学教授,医生,然后又列出其他职业。
这些说明有些人的脑萎缩就比较多、比较快,有些人就比较慢、比较少,因此答案为D。
4.Accordingtothepassage,whichpeopleseemtoagemoreslowlythantheothers?
A.Lawyers. B.Farmers.
C.Clerks.D.Shopassistants.
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第三段“Thoseleastatrisk,saysMatsuzawa,arelawyers,followedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.”可知脑萎缩最慢的是律师。
教材与语法填空
根据教材课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thereareallkindsoffestivalsthroughouttheworld,whichareheldto1.(satisfaction)andpleasetheancestors,tohonoursomefamouspeopleorimportant2.(event),andtoexpresspeople’sgratitudetotheGodforbringingthemayearofplenty.Forexample,JapaneseobserveObon,3.peoplegotocleangravesandlightincense4.memoryoftheirancestors.InIndia,October2isanationalfestivaltohonourMohandasGandhi,whohelpedIndiabecomean5.(depend)country.AndinChinatheSpringFestival,which6.(celebrate)inJanuaryorFebruary,isthe7.(energy)andimportantbecauseitisafestivalthat8.(look)forwardtothecomingofspring.Whyareallthesefestivalseverywhere?
Becauseduringthefestivals,peoplecangettogethertoeat,drinkandhavefunwitheachother,9.(forget)allthedailystrugglesanddemandsfor10.while.
答案:
1.satisfy 2.events 3.when 4.in 5.independent
6.iscelebrated 7.mostenergetic 8.looks9.forgetting 10.a
教材与话题写作
(Ⅰ)用本单元所学知识完成下列句子。
1.春节总是让我们想到家庭团聚。
(remind)
答案:
TheSpringFestivalalwaysremindsusofthefamilyreunion.
2.在春节有各种各样的活动。
(therebe)
答案:
ThereareallkindsofactivitiesduringtheSpringFestival.
3.孩子们特别盼望春节。
(lookforwardto)
答案:
ChildrenespeciallylookforwardtotheSpringFestival.
4.对成年人来说,这也是一个美好的时光。
(It’sagoodtime...)
答案:
It’salsoagoodtimeforadults.
5.他们可以相互表达感激、原谅或宽恕之情。
(appreciation;apology;forgive)
答案:
Theycanexpressappreciation,makeanapologyorforgiveeachother.
6.遗憾的是有些人由于各种原因,不能出现在这个重大的节日里。
(Itisapitythat...;turnup)
答案:
Itisapitythatsomepeoplecan’tturnupatsuchagreatfestivalforavarietyofreasons.
(Ⅱ)将以上句子连成短文,要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。
【完形填空插花】
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Iwasashykid.Nothingseemedharderthantalkingtopeople.Ididn'tevenliketoanswerthephoneforfearthatI'dhavetotalktosomebodyIdidn'tknow.
__1__,atschoolIhadtospendalldayinthecompanyofothers.My__2__wasstudying.ItwassomethingIcoulddo__3__andbymyself.Ispentalotoftimestudyingandwas__4__withgoodgrades.
EventuallyIwenttocollege.Icametorealizethatsomepeoplewereratherfunto__5__with.Yetmychildhood__6__carriedoverandIfoundmyselftonguetiedand__7__wheneverIfoundmyselfinaconversation.
Onedaywhileoncampus,I__8__anadvertisementforapositiononthelocalclassicalmusic__9__station.Ihadgrownuplisteningtoclassicalmusic,andIlovedit.
Inordertogetthejob,applicantsneededtobeinterviewed.Ihadabsolutelynobackgroundinradio,andtheideaoftalkingtothousandsoflisteners__10__me.Ididn'treallywantthejob.IjustwantedtoprovethatIcouldtalktoa(n)__11__.
Twoweeks__12__,IwasevenmoreterrifiedtodiscoverthatIhadactuallylandedthejob.
Itwasa__13__job,butIgrewtoenjoyit.Iannouncedmusictothousandsof__14__inthecity,sometimesansweringtheircallsand__15__totheirrequests.Ibegantofeelcomfortabletalkingtothesepeople,thesestrangerswhoIcouldn'teven__16__.
AlthoughInowspendmuchtimetalkingwithpeople,I'mstillbasicallya__17__person.Myformershynessisagift,asIcan__18__peoplewhofeeldiscomfortwhentheytalktostrangers.Istillenjoymomentsofbeing__19__.ButI'malsogladIdecidedtomakea__20__inmylifethathadopenedmanydoorsandopportunitiesthatIneverknewexisted.
1.A.HoweverB.Therefore
C.OtherwiseD.Besides
2.A.adviceB.practice
C.taskD.escape
3.A.obviouslyB.simply
C.quietlyD.poorly
4.A.filledB.rewarded
C.decoratedD.faced
5.A.helpoutB.catchup
C.putupD.hangout
6.A.happinessB.shyness
C.kindnessD.goodness
7.A.excitedB.astonished
C.embarrassedD.interested
8.A.noticedB.posted
C.realizedD.believed
9.A.fireB.gas
C.TVD.radio
10.A.terrifiedB.pleased
C.satisfiedD.amazed
11.A.childB.singer
C.interviewerD.applicant
12.A.agoB.later
C.beforeD.since
13.A.wellpaidB.puzzling
C.comfortableD.challenging
14.A.listenersB.followers
C.viewersD.dancers
15.A.referringB.responding
C.offeringD.comparing
16.A.feelB.move
C.hearD.see
17.A.busyB.warm
C.quietD.smart
18.A.lookintoB.relateto
C.combinewithD.worrywith
19.A.aloneB.alive
C.activeD.awake
20.A.planB.mistake
C.changeD.dream
【解题导语】该文主要讲述了害羞的作者通过应聘电台工作而实现自我突破的故事。
1.A 根据上下文可知,此处表示逻辑上的转折关系。
然而,作者在学校里不得不和同学们相处。
2.D 根据上文的“Iwasashykid”可推知,害羞的作者在学校用学习来逃避与人交流。
3.C 与语境“bymyself”呼应可推知,作者一个人安安静静地做功课。
4.B 与语境“withgoodgrades”呼应可推知,作者在学习上的付出得到了丰厚的回报,成绩突出。
5.D 由“Eventually”的提示可推知,作者最终意识到了和朋友相处是有趣的。
hangout“常去某处”。
6.B 根据上文的“Iwasashykid”并结合“Ifoundmyselftonguetied”可推知,作者童年时代的害羞个性还存在。
7.C 根据“Ifoundmyselftonguetied”可推知,和他人交流时沟通不顺畅是令人尴尬的。
8.A 根据语境可知,作者在校园里注意到了一则让他感兴趣的广告。
9.D 根据下文的“Ihadabsolutelynobackgroundinradio”可推知,这是一则电台的招募广告。
10.A 根据“Ihadabsolutelynobackgroundinradio”并结合下文的“Ididn'treallywantthejob”可推知,作者因自己没有广播方面的背景而打退堂鼓,与下文的“IwasevenmoreterrifiedtodiscoverthatIhadactuallylandedthejob”呼应。
11.C 作者害怕与成千上万的听众交流,只想证明自己能够和面试官交谈。
12.B 根据语境可推知,时间已经过去了两周。
13.D 根据上文可知,这项工作需要与成千上万的听众交流,这对作者来说有一定的挑战性,且与语境“butIgrewtoenjoyit”形成呼应。
14.A 与上文的“andtheideaoftalkingtothousandsoflisteners__10__me”呼应可推知,此处表示作者给听众播放音乐。
15.B 与语境“answeringtheircalls”呼应可推知,作者回应听众的要求。
16.D 根据上文可知,作者应聘的是电台工作,和听众们基本上是不见面的。
17.C 根据“still”的提示并结合上文的“Iwasashykid”可推知,作者尽管现在花费很多时间和人们交流,但是本质上还是一个不多说话的人,与下文的“Myformershynessisagift”呼应。
18.B 结合“Myformershynessisagift”可推知,作者能够理解那些和他相同的人。
relateto“理解,认同”。
19.A 根据上文的“Myformershynessisagift”可推知,作者仍旧喜欢独处。
20.C 根据语境可推知,作者通过做电台工作有了重大改变,从而人生有了更多的可能性。
下面是李华的一篇作文,文中有五处错误,改正错误并背诵该文。
TheSpringFestivalalwaysremindsusthefamilyreunion,whenthereareallkindsofactivities.Asaresult,childrenespeciallookforwardtoit.It’salsoagoodtimeforadults,thattheycanexpressappreciation,makeanapologyandforgiveeachother.However,itisapitythatsomepeoplecan’tturnupatsuchagreatfestivalforavarietyofreason.
答案:
TheSpringFestivalalwaysremindsus
the