大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟2201.docx

大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟2201.docx

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大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟2201

[大学英语考试复习资料]大学六级模拟220

大学六级模拟220

PartⅠWriting

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:

AbilityandGoodLooks.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

问题:

1.1.举例说明水对人类的重要性

2.举例说明我国所面临的水资源问题

3.为了生存和发展人们要……

PreciousWater

答案:

PreciousWater

Noonedoubtstheimportanceofwater.Humanbeingsliveonwater,animalsliveonwater,plantsliveonwaterandalllivingthingsliveonwater.Youcan'timaginewhatwouldhappeniftherewerenowaterintheworld!

Chinaisoneofthecountriesintheworldthatarebadlyshortofwater.Waterproblemhasbecomemoreacuteinrecentyearswiththeincreaseofwaterconsumptionandpollution.Inbigcities,thewaterproblemhasbecomeevenworse.Withthegrowthofpopulation,moreandmorewaterisneeded.Withthedevelopmentoftheindustry,alargequantityofwaterhasbeenandisbeingpolluted.WaterpollutionisthemostseriousproblemthatChinaisfacing.Ithasspreadtorivers,lakes,andeventheoceans.

Inordertosurvive,manhastobewiseenoughtotreasurewaterandtrympreventitfrombeingpolluted.Manshouldalsoknowthatallresourcesintheworldarelimited,includingwater.Makegooduseofthem,otherwise,manwillbepunishedbynature.Totreasurewateristotreasurelife:

toprotectourenvironmentistoprotectourselves.

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-4,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

DoingBusinessinAsia

ManyWesternerswantingtodobusinessesinAsiannationsseekinformationandadviceaboutthingstheyneedtoknowinordertobesuccessful.ByWesternerswhohavealreadybeenworkinginAsiannations,theyaretoldtorememberasprioritiesthe"Fs":

family,face,fate,favorsandfriends.AlthoughtheydohavesomesubtledifferencesinmeaningsandconnotationsindifferentpartsofAsia,nevertheless,Westernbusinessmenneedtobesensitivetotheseissuesiftheywishtobesuccessful.Thefive"Fs"areexplainedinthefollowingway.

Family:

Thismeansthatbusinessisoftencloselyconnectedtofamilyandthatthereisafamilynetworkthatbranchesoutregionallyandinternationally,providingefficientpolitical,financialandemotionalsupport,aswellasdistributionknowledge.ThisnetworkingisparticularlyobviousamongChinesewhocontrolhugebusinesssegmentsinAsiaandarebyfarthemostsuccessfulbusinessgroupintheregion.Theirlargepresencealsohelps--Singaporeis77percentChinese;Malaysia,45percent;Taiwan,aChineseprovince,99percent.IndonesiaandthePhilippinesalsohavesizableandprosperousChinesecommunities.ItisexplainedthattheimportanceoffamilygoesbacktoConfucius,whotaughtthatfamilyrepresentsrelationshipsthatonecantrust.AlthoughfamiliesintheWestmaybeconnected,theyarealmostneverascloselyconnectedasinConfucianAsia.ThisfamilydependenceisalsotreeinKorea.ThelargestcorporationinSouthKoreaisHyundai,amultibillion-dollarcompany.Headedbytheeldestbrother,thecompany'sfivemajordivisionsareeithermanagedbyoneofthefivebrothers,abrother-in-laworason-in-law.

Face:

Twointerpretationsaregivenforthemeaningof"face".Oneisliteral--Asiansliketodobusinessface-to-face.Theywanttoputafacetogetherwithabusiness,torecognizeanindividualandtoassociatewithagivencompany.ManyforeigncompanieshavemadethemistakeofsendingaseriesofdifferentexecutivestoAsiaduringlengthycontractnegotiations.Theyareadvisednottodothis;ifnegotiationsarestartedbyoneindividual,theyshouldbecompletedbythatsamepersonifatallpossible.However,ifachangemustbemade,thenthefirstpersonshouldtakethenewoneandformallypresenthimashissuccessorsothatthetwofacesareidentified.Thesecondinterpretationof"face"isthatinawayitmeans"respect".Thebusinessmanistoldthathemustshowthe"properrespect"accordingtotheageandpositionofthepersonheisdealingwithandalsotakeintoaccountthesizeoftheperson'scompanyincomparisonwithhisown.InWesterncountries,ageisnotnecessarilygivenrespect,butinConfuciusAsia,ageisgivengreatrespect.Thusbusinessmenaretoldtoalwayspayattentiontoanyelderlypersonsattendingabusinessmeeting.TheyarealsowarnedthatitisverydifficultforJapanesetospeakdirectlyandsayno.Theywilldoalmostanythingtoavoidsayingno,eventothepointofnotgivinganansweratall.Bygivingnoanswerorsayingsomethinglike“I’llthinkaboutit",or"I'llconsiderit".Theyare"savingface",andreallymean"no".ThisistheoppositeoftheWestern"yesorno"mentality.ThusaWesternbusinessmaniswarnednevertoputaJapanesebusinessmaninthepositionofhavingtosay"yes"or"no".

Businessmenarealsogivenadviceabouthowtoshow"face"tosomeoneofhigherrank.RichardTallboy,CEOoftheWorldCoalOrganization,whohashadextensiveexperienceinAsia,tellsforeignersnottoforgetthe"Chairman's1/2percentofthechairman'sownpocket."HesaysthatthismeanstheyshouldalwaysstartnegotiatingatahigherpricewithAsians.Inthefirstroundnegotiationsforeignersshouldallowthemselvestocomedowninprice10percent.Inthesecondroundofnegotiationstheyshouldatlastcomedownanotherfivepercent.Thenfinallywheneveryoneisreadytosignthecontract,theWesternershouldallowthechairmantonegotiateanother1/2percentoff.Thiswaythechairmancansayhewasabletoachievemorethanhisstaffwasableto.Thushegainsgreat"face".TallboyconcludesthatthiswayeveryoneishappyandtheWesternerisassuredthathisproductwillbewelltakencareof.

Fate:

WesternersaretoldthatmanyAsiansstronglybelievethatfateinfluenceslife,thatcertaineventsaredestined,andthatpeoplehavelivedmanylivesandwilllivemanymoreafterdeath.Becauseofthisphilosophy,AsiansaremorewillingthanmostWesternerstoacceptthingstheycannotchange.ManyWesternersmaycallthesebeliefssuperstitious.However,theyarewarnedtokeepthesethoughtstothemselvesandaretoldtolearnaboutlocalcustomsandbeliefsinAsiaandtorespectthem.

Favors:

Westernersaretoldthat"Alwaysrepayafavor"isacommonsayingamongAsians.Afavorordebtshouldneverbeforgotten.IfaWesternbusinessmangetsafavorfromanAsian,heshouldexpecttorepaythisfavor,nomatterhowmuchtimepasses.Asiansarethusseriousaboutthesaying,"Ifyou'llscratchmyback,I'llscratchyours."Inotherwords,Asiansocietiesarereciprocalsocieties.TheformerdeputymayorofNewYorkCity,KennethLipper,tellsthefollowingstory.WhenhewasinJapanforsixmonthsintheearly1960s,hesuggestedthenameofaJapaneseacquaintanceforapossiblescholarship.Oneday,27yearslaterinNewYorkCity,hereceivedacallfromthismanwhowasmakinghisfirsttriptotheUnitedStateswithhisfamily.NowatopexecutiveinamajorJapanesecompany,heandhisfamilywantedtopaytheirrespectstothemanwhohaddonehimafavorsolongago.

Friends:

IfWesternershavenorelativesinAsia,theyaretoldthatthenextbestthingtohavewhendoingbusinessinAsiaistohavegonetoschoolwithsomeonefromthere.Asianswanttodealwithpeoplethattheyknowwell,orwithpeopletowhomtheyhavebeenintroducedbypeopletheyknowwell.OnesuccessfulAmericanbusinessexecutiveworkinginAsiatellspeoplethathespentmostofhistimedevelopingandmaintainingGUANXI,whichheexplainsasaChinesewordmeaningties,relationships,orconnections.TheJapaneseequivalentisKONE.HowcanWesternbusinessmenmaketherightconnectioninAsiancountries?

Hiringaconsultantisoneway,butthebestwayistomakefriendshipsandtokeepthem.HowcanaWesternerdothis?

TheanswerforthosepeopleworkinginKorea,ThailandandJapanis"golf".Successfulbusinessmenagreethatit'sthebestwaytogettoknowimportantpeopleinsociety,thewaytomeetroyalty,topgovernmentofficialsandcorporatechiefs.AlifetimegolfmembershipinTokyocancostanincredibleonemilliondollars,butsomewesternbusinessmenortheircorporationshavebeenwillingtopaythisbecauseoftheconnectionsitwillbring.

So,thesearethefive"Fs":

family,face,fate,favors,andfriends.ThesearetheprioritiesforWesternerswhentheyaredoingbusinessinAsia.

1.Thefive"Fs"towesternersare:

family,face,fame,favorandfriend.

答案:

N[解析]文章第一段中提到西方人在亚洲做生意要注意的五点是：

家庭、面子（面孔）、命运、人情和朋友，并没提到名誉。

2.ChinesearethemostsuccessfulbusinessgroupinAsia.

答案:

Y[解析]文章第二段提到中国人掌握了亚洲生意的很大一部分，他们是亚洲最成功的商人。

3.IndiaandTailandalsohavesizableChinesecommunities.

答案:

NG[解析]文中没有提到相关内容。

4.ThelargestcorporationinSouthKoreaisHyundaiwhichismanagedbytheirfamilymembers.

答案:

Y[解析]文章第二段中提到，韩国最大的公司，现代公司是由长兄领导的，公司的五个主要部门分别由五个兄弟，姐（妹）夫或女婿管理。

5.ThenegotiationsinAsiashouldbetterbestartedbyonepersonandcompletedby______ifpossible.

答案:

thatsameperson[解析]文章第三段中提到在亚洲谈判自始至终最好尽可能由同一个人来完成。

6.______isgivengreatrespectinAsiabutnotinwesterncountries.

答案:

Age[解析]文章第三段中提到在亚洲人们会因为年龄问题而尊重对方，西方人则不考虑年龄因素。

7.ManyAsianshavestrongbeliefthatfateinfluenceslife,and