高考英语巅峰训练之阅读理解10.docx

高考英语巅峰训练之阅读理解10.docx

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高考英语巅峰训练之阅读理解10

2014高考英语巅峰训练之阅读理解10

阅读理解

Howlingisabehaviorcommonlyobservedamongawolfnark.Ananimals,wolvesworktogethertohuntandrelyonhowlingwasanimportantmeansofcommunicationeachother.Therearedifferentexplantsofawolf’showlanditappearsthattheremaybemoretodiscover.

Onetheoryisthatwolveshowltobendbettertogether.It’salmostasifhowlingtogetherhelpsthepackstaytogether.Perhapssomethingsimilartopeoplefeelingasenseofinvolvementwitheachotherwhensingingasongtogether.Butthistheorymaybewrong,explainsFredH.Harington,aprofessorwhostudieswolfbehavior.

Indeed,therehavebeentineswhenwolveshavebeenseenonemomenthowlinginaexhorts,andthenext,quarrelinganionseachother.Itappearsthatusuallythelowest-tankingmenthesofthepackmayactuallybe“punished”forJoininginthechursattimes.Soishowlingawaytostrcagthenasocialboadorjustawaytoreconfirmstatusamongitsmembers?

——Whydowelveshowlforsure?

Whatiscleat,however,isthathowlingisoftenusedamongpackmatestolocateeachother.Huntinggroundsaredistantandithappensthatwolovesmayseparatefromoneanotherattimes.Whenthishappens,howlingappcarstobeanercellentmeansofgathering.

Howling,interestingly,isacontagiousbehaviour.Whenonewolfstartstohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow.Thisisoftenseentooccatinthemorning,asifwolvesweredoingsomesotrof“rollrall”wherewolvesallhowltogetertohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow.Thisisoftenseentooccarinthemorning,asifwolvesweredoingwsomesotrof“rollcall”wherewolvesallhowltogethertorepotrtheirpteence.

55.Whattheporsimilaritybetweenwolves’howhumaestinginchorus?

A.Theactofcallingeachother.

B.thesenseofaccomplishment.

C.Theactofhuntingforsomething.

D.Thesenseofbelongingtoagroup.

56.WhydoesHarringtonthinkthe“secialboad”theorymaybewrong?

A.Wolvesseparatefromeachotherafterhowling.

B.Wolvestendtoprotecttheirhuntinggrounds.

C.Wolvessometimeshavequarrelsafterhowlingtogether.

D.Wolvesoflowrankareencouragedtojoininthechorus.

57.Reseatchersaresurethatwolvesoftenhowlto______.

A.showtheirranks

B.

C.repotrthemissingones

D.expresstheirlonelingess

58.“Howling…isacontagiousbehaviour”（inthelastparagraph）means_______.

A.howlingisasignalforhunting

B.howlingisawayofcommunication

C.howlingaftenoccursinthemorning

D.howlingspreadsfromonetoanother

【参考答案】DCBD

A

“Someoftheworsthumantragedieshappeningintheworldtodaygoonbecausewedon'treallyseethem.Werarelymakeeyecommunicationwithpeoplewhoaresuffering,soweactsometimesasifthepeopledon'texist．”

ThespeakerisBillGates，theworld'srichestman．AtagatheringinSeattle，heistalkingnotastheMicrosoftchairmanbutasapartnerinastrongpersonalduty.ForGatesandhiswife，Melinda，makinglessinequalityinglobalhealthanddomesticeducationhasbecomealife'sgoal．

Havingsetuptheirfoundation（基金会）withcloseto$29billion，theGatesareontracktobecomehistory'sgreatestphilanthropists（慈善家）.Buttheydomorethanjustgivemoneyout.Expertspraisethecouplefortheirwisdomandtheirabilitytogatherothers:

“Evenwiththisgreatcontribution，”saysSusanSchwab,presidentandCEOoftheUniversitySystemofMarylandFoundation,“theyknowtheycan'tsolvetheseproblemsalone．”

Theirdevotioncamefromdifferentsources．ForMelinda，itwasavacationtoZaire．Whereshewasstruckbymeetingwomeninbeingextremelypoor．ForBill，itwasreadingthatmillionsofchildrendieeveryyearfrompreventablediseases.“MelindaandIhadassumedthatifthereweremedicinesandtreatmentsthatcouldsavelives,governmentwouldbedoingeverythingtheycouldtogetthemto…people，”BillsaidattheWorldHealthAssemblyinGeneva.“Wecouldn'tescapethecruelconclusionthat…somelivesareseenasworthsavingandothersarenot．”

Fromshockcameaction.Theyfocusedonthesimplemessagethatonelifeisworthnomoreorlessthananother.FrancesHesselbein,chairmanofthenon-profitLeadertoLeaderInstitute,says：

“Sometimespeoplegiveinaveryfairway,butthereissomethingaboutwhattheyaredoing…thatistheoppositeofthat.Itisverydifficulttounderstandandverypersonal．”

BothGatesesreadscientificbooksandtravelextensivelyindevelopingcountries.Sofar，theGateseshavedevoted$9billiontoglobalhealth.Theyshareasenseofurgency.“We'renotdoingenoughindevelopingcountriestogiveoutthetreatmentsandpracticesweknowareeffectiveinfightingdiseasessuchasmalaria，tuberculosisandHIV，”thecoupletoldU．S．News．

1.WhichofthefollowingdoesBillGatesthinkisnotcorrect?

A.Weactsometimesasifthepeoplesufferingdon'texist．

B.Theycan'tsolvetheseproblemsalone．

C.Somelivesareworthsavingandothersarenot．

D.Governmentwouldbedoingeverythingtohelppeople．

答案解析：

答案为C。

本题为细节题。

本题可用排除法。

四个选项之中只有C选项“有些生命值得挽救另外一些生命不值得挽救”是慈善家BillGates最不会赞同的观点，故答案为C。

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“struck”inParagraph4probablymean?

A.hitB.impressedC.attackedD.hurt

答案解析：

答案为B。

本题为词义猜测题。

由第四段划线词语的上下文“ForMelinda，itwasavacationtoZaire．Whereshewasstruckbymeetingwomeninbeingextremelypoor．ForBill，itwasreadingthatmillionsofchildrendieeveryyearfrompreventablediseases.”可知，Melinda见到的是极其贫穷的妇女，Bill见到的是成千上万的儿童死于疾病，因此“struck”意思最接近B选项“impressed”，意为“给人印象最深刻的”。

3.WhatdoweknowabouttheprojectssupportedbyGates'Foundation?

A.Theyhavehadgreatinfluenceonglobalhealth．

B.TheyarelimitedtotheareasinAfrica．

C.Theyonlyfocusonmedicaltreatment．

D.Theyarecarriedoutwithoutgovernment'ssupport．

答案解析：

答案为A。

本题为细节推理题。

由第二段最后一句话“ForGatesandhiswife，Melinda，makinglessinequalityinglobalhealthanddomesticeducationhasbecomealife'sgoal．”和最后一段第二句话“Sofar，theGateseshavedevoted$9billiontoglobalhealth.”可知，Gates和他的妻子Melinda对全球的健康作出了巨大贡献，可以推断A选项符合文意。

由最后一段“BothGatesesreadscientificbooksandtravelextensivelyindevelopingcountries.…‘We'renotdoingenoughindevelopingcountries…’’’可知，B选项错误。

由第三段“Buttheydomorethanjustgivemoneyout.Expertspraisethecouplefortheirwisdomandtheirabilitytogatherothers…”可知，C选项错误。

由第四段“‘MelindaandIhadassumedthatifthereweremedicinesandtreatmentsthatcouldsavelives,governmentwouldbedoingeverythingtheycouldtogetthemto…people，’BillsaidattheWorldHealthAssemblyinGeneva.”可知，盖茨的基金会有政府的支持，故D选项错误。

均不选。

4.Thepassageisintendedto_________．

A.praiseBillandMelindaGatesfortheirkindness

B.raisemoremoneyforthefoundation

C.explaintopeoplehowtheprojectswork

D.convincemorepeopleofhelpingothers

答案解析：

答案为D。

本题考查文章的写作目的。

初读文章似乎是在赞扬Gates夫妇的慈善行为，但是如果把握全文的结构，本文的写作目的并非如此。

文章第一段引用BillGates讲的话：

我们无视受难人的存在。

第二段指出这些话是BillGates在西雅图会议上不是作为微软公司的总裁而是作为一个具有强烈个人责任感的人所讲的话。

第三段写到Gates和他的夫人不仅仅捐钱，专家赞扬他们夫妇运用智慧和能力把众人聚集起来为慈善事业作贡献，并引用专家的话来证明他们夫妇尽管贡献非常大，但是他们知道单靠他们的力量并不能解决问题。

第四段描写Gates夫妇看到的受难人的景象。

第五段则是他们的行动，他们向人们传达出一个“每个生命都平等”的简单信息，并用FrancesHesselbein的话来进一步解释这个信息的真正意义。

最后一段Gates夫妇告诉美国新闻他们在发展中国家所作的一切还不够，重申了本文的主旨。

总结全文结构：

第一、二段是Gates夫妇在做号召工作，因为他们知道自己的力量不够；中间段落讲他们夫妇在哪些方面做了贡献；最后一段对他们的号召工作再次呼应。

因此，全文是在用Gates夫妇的例子来号召人们帮助他人。

故答案为D。

较难题目特训：

人物故事类

InWesternculture,21wastheageatwhichyoungpeopletraditionallyreceivedakeytotheirparents’door,asasymbolofenteringadulthood.Now,theageof21isatimewhenpeopleaskthemselves:

wheredoIgofromhere?

JiangFangzhou’s21yearshavebeenfilledwiththekindofsuccessmostyoungpeoplewouldn’tdarehopeforinalifetime.Shepublishedherfirstbookattheageofnineandhaswrittenmanymoresincethen.Sheisregardedasaspokespersonforhergeneration.However,herhopesandconcernsforthefutureappeardecidedlynormal.

Sheexplainsthatwhileherfellowstudentsarechieflyconcernedwithgettingajoborbuyinganapartment,shefretsoverhowshecanexcelinherworkwhenhavinglimitedexperienceoftheworld.

However,Jiang,nowaseniorattheSchoolofJournalismandCommunicationofTsinghuaUniversity,notesthatherpeersfaceintensepressureandcompetitionatschool.Theyareexpectedtoexcelintheirfieldofstudydespitelimitedexperience,justasJiangisexpectedtoshineintheliteraryworld.

Youngpeople,shesays,havebeenforcedtoopentheireyestotheworldaroundthem.Jiang’sworldhasopenedup,too.She’smoreateasewithherselfat21,comparedwithwhenshebegancollege.

“MyhorizonhasbroadenedandI’mmoretolerant,”shesays.“Asafreshman,Iwasdesperate.Istoppedpeoplearoundmeandasked:

‘Isthereanythingintheworldstillworthhopingfor?

‘ButnowIdon’tdothat.”

Jiangsaysthatshemaynotpursuewritingashermainfuturecareerbecauseshewantstotry“otherlifestyles”—overseastravelandstudytouringsoundparticularlyinvitingtoher.Butsheisconcernedthatmanyforeignershaveskewed（歪曲的,倾斜的）perceptionsaboutChina.

“AfewdaysagoIoverheardaconversationbetweentwoforeignerssittingnexttomeonaflight,”saysJiang.“TheywerehavingaheateddiscussionaboutthenumberofbeggarsinChina.AndhowChinesealwaysgofor‘pettyprofits’.Infact,theyhadbeeninChinaforonlyaweek.”

Jiangbelievesprejudiceisunavoidable,butshealsomaintainsthatChineseandWesterners,forexample,sharemuchcommonground.

“Wesharethesameprinciples,suchashonestyandawillingnesstohelpothers,”saysJiang.“Thedifferencesbetweenpeoplesarenotthathuge.”

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.JiangFangzhou’snovels.

B.Embracingnewchallenges.

C.JiangFangzhou’suniversitylife.

D.JiangFangzhou’ssuccess.

2.Whatdoest