专插本英语华师培训笔记.docx
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专插本英语华师培训笔记
全部语法选择题的分析&拓展知识点:
Vocabulary&Structure(
)
1.count=number=figurecountout=figureoutcounton=dependon=relyon
savingsaccount储蓄账户bankaccount银行账户
accountantaccountingaccountfor=consider=explain=interprettakesthintoaccount/consideration
countable:
beaccountablefor=beresponsiblefor(考点)
dependable可依赖的reliable可信赖的behaveoneself行为检点behaviorist/behavioism行为主义
agoodbehaviorreliablefriendintheway。
。
。
的方式extraordinary不同寻常
2.beoutoftheclassroom=beofftheclassroom=beawayfromtheclassroom
under/inthesituation
undertherepair=beingrepairedunderdiscussion=beingdiscussed
underconstruction=beingconstructed正在建设当中
within=in=intherangeofwithieasyforme
3.supplyanddemand缩写:
s&d供给需求
supply=providesupplysbwithsth=supplysthforsb
ample=enough=sufficient(n.sufficiency)enoughtime形容词tooenoughgoodenough副词
4.ratherthan:
Theoldratherthantnone’sreach:
Theappleiswithinmyreach.=Icanreachtheapple.
反义:
beoutofone’sreach超出范围beyond=exceed超出gobeyondsth:
超越了。
。
。
Thissubjectisbeyondme.=Ican’tunderstand\master掌握thissubject.
Iambeyondthissubject=thissubjectisheyoung
ratherthanthan是连词前后要一致theoldratherthantheyoung是老人而不是年轻人
Offeringagoodjobratherthanagoodchance.提供一个好的工作而并非是一个好的机会
wouldratherdo…thanthan否定后面的宁愿做什么也不愿做什么
Childrenwouldratherplaythangotoschool.
Childrenprefertoplayratherthangotoschool.Perfertodosthratherthandosth
Childrenpreferplayingtogoingtoschool.Perfer相当于enjoyto是介词
Perferdoingtodoingsth分开时to是介词,连在一起是to是连词
Childrenprefertoplayinsteadofgoingtoschool.PrefertodoinsteadofdoingOf是介词
ratherthan=morethan与其说是…不如说是…=otherthan都是否定后面的
Heismoreastudentthanaworker.与其说他是个工人不如说他是个学生
Heisastudentmorethanaworker.他是个学生而不是工人
takeup=occupy占据takesbin=acceptsbasamember介绍某人作为其中的一员
takesthin=absorb吸收takeafter=belike=resemble和..一样supplysbwithsth
5.apply=useapplyforthejob申请工作
applysthtosth把..应用到..applytheorytopractice理论联系实际
application(名词)to/forapplicantfor申请人beapplicableto/for可应用到/申请
assignsbtodosth任命/安排assignment=homework任务
equipment=facilityequipsbtodosth帮助某人做某事
beequippedwith配备有becoveredwith被盖满bearmedwith装备有beloadedwith装载满
becrowdedwith充满befilledwith充满以上经常做后置定语过去分词做后置定语
thecompany(whichis)equippedwiththeadvancedequipmentisaleadingoneintheworld.
用先进的设备装备的这家公司是世界上领先的公司
thebus(whichis)crowdedwithpeopleturnedover.这辆挤满人的公交车翻了。
动名词:
happenings事件savings活期存储diggings发掘物earnings收入,工资
teachings教学方法findings发现物belongings所属物动名词+ing+s谓语动词用复数
学科名词+s游戏名词+s疾病名词+s谓语名词用单数
6.trendtosth有……的趋势tendtodosth=plantodosth打算去做某事
havethetendencytodosth有做什么事情的趋势变名词后还是不定式
类似:
failtodosth失败,没有做failuretodosth做……失败了
beabletodosth=becapableofdoingsth能做某事
havetheabilitytodo=havethecapabilityofdoingsth有做某事的能力
7.employsb雇佣某人employer雇主/employee雇员/employment雇用
staffis/are(staff是集合名词,既可做单数也可以做复数)
onthestaffof=bethememberof成为……一员
thestaffoflife=bread面包(俚语)
possess=own=have
8.inpossessionof(主动)占有:
myfatherisinpossessionofthishouse.=thishouseisinthepossessionofmyfather.
inthepossessionof(有定冠词,被占有)无定冠词的主语是主动(人),有定冠词的主语是被动(物)
inchargeof负责,主管inthechargeof由……负责
inprison在坐牢(犯人)intheprison在牢里
inoffice=onchair执政intheoffice在办公室
outofquestion=noproblemoutofthequestion=impossible
inquestion=underquestion=beingquestioned=beingdiscussed在讨论中
反义词:
innoquestion不在讨论中
affect(v.)=influencesb影响affection=beingcared关爱effective有效的effect
effect(n.)=influenceonsb效果effects(n.)=estate=money财物effect(v.)=carryout执行
effecttheplan=taketheplanintoeffect=taketheplanintooperation执行计划(07年考)
takesthintopractice=takesthintooperation实行
takesth(法律、法规、规则regulationlawact)intoeffect使这法律/法规/规责生效
theeffectonchildren对儿童的影响只要有on就是影响
theeffectofthemedicineonchildren药效对儿童的影响effectof效果如果有of和on以on为主
9.spendtimeindoingsth
spendeffort/moneyondoingsth
ittakessbtimetodo
canaffordsth/todosth能负担得起
canaffordtodosth=beabletodosth=beinapositiontodosth能够去做
10.disposeof=getridof=eliminate摆脱
eliminatethepossibilityofsth排除可能性
eliminatewhatcan’tsucceed排除那些不能成功的
forsincebytheendof用于现在完成时
11.beclosetosthzero=nothing
thezeromoment=themostdangerousmoment
thezeroground
zeroinforsb=aimatsbasatarget攻击
13.letsboff=don’tpunishsb=sparesb
pleasesparemetenminutes.
letsbdown=makesbdisapointed
letout=utter=speakloudly
letgoof=release
makesbdoletsbdohavesbdohavesthdonehavesthfor
14.convincesbofsth=makesbbelievesth
warnsbofsthinformsbofsthremindsbofsth
accusesbofsth=chargesbwithsth
robsbofsth
theoldladywasrobbedofallofhermoney.
keepfaithwithsb忠于..
trustinsbbelieveinsbbelievesb
belief/fact/thought/doubt/suggestion/proposal/requirement/demand/order+that从句
15.underthegivensituation/condition
inplaceoutofplace反义:
intheplace
placeanorderwithsbforsth
openanaccountwiththebankofchina开帐户
post=mail=sendbymail
applyfortheteacher’spost申请岗位
awell-paidposition
canaffordtodosth=beabletodo
17.havesbdoinspiteof+n.despite+n.makesth=produceholdsth
18.evolve=developgradually=cultivategradually
19.devoteto=committo
commitcrime/murderer/robbery/suicide犯罪/犯杀人罪/犯抢劫罪/自杀
commit=do=conduct=perform
commitsbtosth/doingsth=promisetodosth
commitsthtosth=writesthdown
heavycommitment沉重的承诺
21.what=somethingthat
22.bewillingtodosth
23.getalongwellgetalongwellwithsb
what’severythinggettingalong?
26.don’tdoit
heisnotastudent,neitherami.
27.somebody
somebody=acertainbody
somedayeveryoneeverybody
let’sdoit,shallwe?
letusdoit,willyou?
28.hadbetterdosth
注意:
当“to”是作介词,而不是不定式的标志时,其后面应该接名词或者动名词:
leadto/beusedto/lookforwardto/beaccustomedto/payattentionto/confessto/contributeto/devoteto…
+名词/doingsth.
有些及物动词后只能跟动名词作它的宾语:
avoid/enjoy/mind/insiston/objectto/giveup/practise/putoff/deny…+名词/doingsth.
动名语作介词的宾语,且有时介词会省略:
spend…(in)doingsth.benopoint(in)doingsth.there’slittlesensedoingit’snousedoing
it’snogooddoinghavedifficultydoingsth.havetroubledoingsthbebusy(in)doingsth.
standsth=endure=bearsth=resist
themanwhoissittingthereismyuncle.thepersontobeelectedchairmanisagreatman.
attendclass/meeting/school
32.usedtodosthbeusedtodosth
woodisusedtomakepaper.
beusedtodoingsth=beaccustomedtodoing
thelittleboyisusedtobeingscoldedbyhisfather.
usedtodo-didhavetodo–dohadtodo–didhastodo–doestendtodo-do
thereusedtobeanoaktree,didn’tthere?
i’dratherdosth,wouldn’ti?
you’dbetterdothat,hadn’tyou?
he’dbeenherefor2years,hadn’the?
she’dliketogothere,wouldn’tshe?
he’saboy,isn’the?
he’sbeenhere,
she’sdoingsth,
33.so…thatsuch…that
sothat=inorderthat
willburn
41.stayfor3hours
lasting=enduring
thelastingsatisfaction
43.learnfromsblearnsth/sbfromlearnhowtodosth
raisesthguidesbtodosthupto
44.admit=acknowledge
beadmittedtosth
admittedlyspeaking
propose=suggest
proposal=suggestion
45.ratetax
paydutyonsth
payforsth
findsbdo/doingsth
sbbefoundtodosth
seesbdosth/doingsth
46.lie-lied-lied-lying
lie-lay-lain-lying
lay-laid-laid-laying
49.assist=aid=helpassistantattendant
50.threatsbintodoingsth
bethreatenedintodoing
sbbefrightenedintodoing
sbbecheatedintodoing
persuadesbintodoing=persuadesbtodosth
persuadesboutofdoingconcernabout
51.getsthgetonthebus
52.makealivingearnaliving
occupyoccupation
53.writealetter
composeapieceofmusic
becomposedof=bemadeof=consistof
54.doharmto
55.beexhaustedof=betiredof
anexhaustingsport
exhaustive=complete=thorough=total
56.keepsbdoingleavesbdoingsmellsthburning
59.satisfy/meetone’sneed
besatisfiedwith=becontentwith
satisfactoryconclusion
correctnesscorrection
butfor要不是butthat要不是
with如果有without如果没有
otherwise/or否则inthatcase如果那样的话
虚拟语气(看相片):
1.butforyourhelp,icouldhavefailed.
2.butthathewasill,hewouldhaveleftforguilin.
3.imighthavegonetoaustraliawithyoursupport.
4.therewouldbenocreatureontheearth,withoutairandwater.
5.hewasill.Otherwise/or,hewouldhaveattendedthelecture.
谓语:
(should)+动词原形
范围:
表示“建议”,“命令”,“请求”,“必要性”,“重要
性”和“紧迫性”等含义.be-型”虚拟语气的使用受
下列动词,名词或形容词的制约:
建议:
suggest,propose,advise,motion,move,suggestion,proposal
命令:
order,decree,instruct,instruction,direct
要求:
request,demand,ask,desire,requirement,pray,beg
推荐:
recommend,recommendation
安排:
arrange,arrangement
决定:
decide,decision,resolution,vote,resolve,determine
坚持:
insist,insistence,insistent
必要性:
necessary,essential,necessity,vital
重要性:
importance,important,vital
紧迫性:
imperative,obligatory,urgent
Vocabulary&Structure(
)
1.decrease=decline
decline=refuse=rejectto
increaseto/by
exhaleinhale
thereusedtobeafigure/goastinthatoldroom.
therewillbeagreatfigurevisitingourcountry.
Figureodd/evennumbersresultin/from
2.hissuccessresultedfromhishardwork.
hishardworkresultedinhissuccess.
astheresultof
withoutanyresult
except=butexceptfor=butforexceptthat=butthat
iknowlittleaboutherexceptthatsheisanactress.
ihavenofriendsexceptyou.
parisisabeautifulcityexceptforsomerubbish.
withaviewtogetprofit,heboughtthehouse.
3.keepremainmaintain
tur