雅思阅读分类词汇.docx
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雅思阅读分类词汇
雅思阅读分类词汇——文化类
homogeneous同质homo+gene+ous(<>heterogeneous)^homosexual,heterosexual
mainstream主流主流
dialect方言(v.s.accent)
discrepancy差别
misconception误解(mis+concept+ion)=misunderstanding
barrier障碍(物)~bar,=barricade
discrimination区别,歧视racial/sexualdiscriminationßdiscriminate(+against)
hierarchy级别制度heir+arch(govern)+y
insularity岛国性质(ßinsular,^island)Britishindustryhasoftenbeencriticizedforitslinguisticinsularity.
microcosm小天地micro+cosm(os)
nostalgia=homesickness
patriot爱国者(<>traitor)àpatriotic,patriotism
compatriot同胞同胞com+patriot
vernacular本地,本国本地话,本国话thevernacularlanguagesofIndia
HispanicAnAmericanwhosefirstlanguagewasSpanish
immigration移入~immigrant,immigratev.s.emigration(~emigrant,emigrate)
antipodesAnytwoplacesorregionsondiametricallyoppositesidesoftheEarth“fromNorthAmericatotheAntipodes”
permeate渗入,弥漫Smokepermeatedthehouse.
entrepreneur公司家(~enterprise)àentrepreneurship
practitioner开业者,从业者praction(practice)+er
celebrityafamousperson=luminary,VIP
proxy代理人
anecdote轶事(àanecdotal)
notoriety恶名(ßnotorious)
counterpart相应人,对等物Who’sGeorgeBush’scounterpartinChina?
^counterculture,counterbalance
peer同等人凝视,窥视(~peep)
subordinate下级下级<>superior
tactics战术,技巧v.s.strategy(战略,方略)marketingstrategyv.s.sellingtactics
nuanceasubtledifferenceinmeaning
benchmarking类比分析
punctual准时,守时(àpunctuality)
absenteeism旷工absentàabsenteeàabsenteeism
flextime弹性工作时间flex(flexible)+time
harass骚扰(àharassment)MarysaidthatGaryhadsexuallyharassedher.
redundancy冗余,冗员networkredundancy
downsize裁人(~layoff)
ballot投票(=vote)
impartial不偏不倚(<>partial)
lobby大堂(n.)游说(v.)
shortlist(BE)alistofapplicantswhohavebeendeemedsuitableandfromwhichthesuccessfulpersonwillbechosenà(v.)
equilibrium平衡,均衡
questionnaire调查表,问卷
quantitative定量(<>qualitative)
contingency偶尔性,偶尔事件
incur招致incurdebts/hatred/dangerv.s.occur,concur,recur
ethical伦理,符合伦理~ethics,<>unethical
dubious疑惑,可疑(~doubt)Peopleweredubiousabouttheresult.
manifestation显示,证明(ßmanifest)
subtitle字幕,副标题(sub+title)^subsidiary,submarine,subway(BE:
underground,tube),suburb(~downtown,uptown,outskirts)
dubbing配音录制
vogue潮流^chic
bizarre奇异v.s.weird(怪异)
mediocre平庸
dietitian饮食学家(~diet)
connoisseur行家,鉴赏家^entrée,alacarte
雅思阅读分类词汇——生物/生理类
molecule分子àmolecular
cellàcellular
aminoàaminoacids(氨基酸)
protein蛋白质
enzyme酶(proteinsthatareproducedbycellsandactascatalystsinspecificbiochemicalreactions)
catalyst催化剂
chlorophyll叶绿素“chloro-”:
Cl
photosynthesis光合伙用(photo+synthesis)àphotosynthetic
botany植物学(<>zoology)àbotanist,botanical
flora植物群
fauna动物群
bacteriumbacteria(pl.)细菌
fungusfungi(pl.)真菌
algaealga(pl.)海藻
herbàherbal:
~teaàherbicide(^insecticide,pesticide)
carnation康乃馨àreincarnation
fade凋落,褪色
organism机体,组织ßorgan
arthropod节肢动物v.s.anthropoid(↓)
reptile爬行动物
amphibian两栖动物
mammal哺乳动物(ßmamma!
)
primate灵长目动物
evolution进化(ßevolve)
anthropoid类人猿(“anthrop”:
humankind)~anthropology,philanthropyv.s.ape,gorilla,chimpanzee
gene基因^DNA(deoxyribonucleicacid)~genome(基因组)
genetics遗传学(àgenetical)
helix螺旋,螺旋壮物…analyzeeverysinglegenewithinthedoublehelixofhumanity’sDNA
identical同一~identity(àIDcard)^clone
mutation突变genemutationàmutable,immutable,mutant
predator捕食者(<>prey)
embryo胚胎àembryonic(萌芽)
roe鱼子>>>caviar(鱼子酱)
tadpole蝌蚪>>>frog,toad(^told)
caterpillar毛毛虫(cater+pillar)TheAmericanCompany:
Caterpillar(CAT)
grasshopper蚱蜢,蝗虫(=locust)grass+hopper,^bellhop
cricket蟋蟀(另)板球
butterflyv.s.moth^dragonfly,firefly
pollen花粉传粉àpollinate,pollination
hive蜂房>>>honey,^concoction
larvalarvae(pl.)幼虫v.s.lava
pupa蛹àpupate
penguin企鹅v.s.dolphin(海豚)
raccoon浣熊v.s.kangaroo(袋鼠)
hibernate冬眠(=holeup)
torpid麻木,蛰伏v.s.torpedo(鱼雷)
cerebral(大)脑
hemisphere半球(hemi+sphere)
cortex脑皮层
migraine偏头疼ßmigrant
somatic躯体
limb四肢upper/lowerlimb
anatomy解剖,剖析
paralyze使瘫痪(=incapacitate,immobilize)
artery动脉(<>vein)
gland腺体
pancreas胰
hormone荷尔蒙,激素
cholesterol胆固醇
efficacy功能v.s.efficiency,effectiveness
雅思阅读分类词汇——教诲类
accommodation(膳宿)供应=roomandboard
lodging寄宿(处)
lease出租“forlease”,“tolet”v.s.rent
tenant房客,佃户
landlord房东àlandlady(f)ßLord,<>tenant
housemate~roommate,dormmate^schoolmate,classmate
dormitory寝室(abbrev.dorm)
aupairAyoungforeignerwholiveswithafamilyinreturnfordoinglighthousework(另)=reciprocal
reciprocal互相,互惠
hostelyouthhostel~hotel
realestate房地产
vicinity=neighborhood
flat平,瘪flat