6 Unit 3 Groundless Beliefs.docx

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6Unit3GroundlessBeliefs

ﻩUnit3

一、授课时间:

第6-7周

二.授课类型:

课文分析10课时;习题讲解2课时

三.授课题目:

GroundlessBeliefs

四.授课时数:

12

五.教学目的和要求:

通过讲授课文使学生了解文章开门见山,通过假设的方式提出观点,即日常生活中遇到的很多观点都是毫无根据的。

接着深入探讨分析,分别论述了毫无根据的观点的五种不同来源。

最后,作者深化主题、鼓励读者以清晰、理性的方式来思考问题,勇于承认事实,并不惜代价追求真理以避免形成毫无根据的观点。

学会用英语解释句子以达到学以致用的目的。

要求学生主动地预习课文,课前准备练习,学会分析文章体裁和进行段落划分。

六.教学重点和难点:

1)背景知识的传授:

Polygamy; Infanticide;Headhunting;Gladiatorialfighting;Dueling;GalileoGalilei; Prohibition;WilliamJames

2)文章的体裁分析及段落划分;

3)语言点的理解:

Groundless;proposition;restupon/onsth.;assertion;a shadowof; uncritically;staunch;beconsistentwithsth.;fit in withsb./sth.;beonsb’s guard;enquireintosth.;in(the)lightofsth.;beyondquestion

Grammar Focus:

Learnto useabbreviatedadverbialclauses;Learn more aboutthe subjunctivemood

七.教学基本内容和纲要

PartOne Warm–up

1.1 Warm-upQuestions

1. What istheauthor talkingabouthere?

Whydoyouthinkhewrote thisarticle?

2. Whatisyouroverallimpressionof thisessay?

Doyoufindanypoints raisedbytheauthorparticularenlightening?

3.Do youagreethatmanyofourbeliefsareactuallygroundless?

Thinkcarefullyandlistatleast 10ofyourstrongly-held convictionswhich,uponserious examination,mustbeclassifiedasgroundless.Tryandanalyzewhynow youthink they are groundless.

4.Canyouthinkofsome personalconvictionsthatyouare determinednottogive awayalthoughtheir logicalgroundishighly questionable?

Canyouexplain why?

5.Whydowehavetobotherwhetherourbeliefsarewell-groundedornot?

Asmostofuswillprobablybe translatorsor interpretersratherthanimportantdecision-makers,can’twe justtakeorders, getthingsdone, andearnourhonestliving?

6. Doyouhaveanything inyour mindtochallengetheauthor?

Arehisviewsaboutgroundlessbeliefswell-groundedthemselves?

Part TwoBackgroundInformation

2.1Author

2.2Catholic Belief;Presbyterian Belief;Aristotlevs.Galileo;William James;The PrinciplesofPsychology;Headhunting inSouthAsia; GladiatorialGames

PartThreeText Appreciation

3.1TextAnalysis

3.1.1Themeofthe text

3.1.2 Structureof the text

3.2 Writing Devices

3.2.1Ellipsis:

Afigureof speechcharacterizedbythe omissionofone ormorewordsthat,while essentialtothegrammaticstructure ofthesentence,areeasilysuppliedbythereader.

3.3SentenceParaphrase

PartFourLanguage Study

4.1 PhrasesandExpressions

4.1.1Wordlist:

4.1.2Phrasesandexpressionslist:

4.1.3Word Building

4.2Grammar

4.2.1 Object

PartFive Extension

5.1 Groupdiscussion

5.2 Debating

八、教学方法和措施

本单元将运用黑板、粉笔、多媒体网络辅助教学设备等教学手段,主要采用以学生为主体、教师为主导的任务型、合作型等教学模式,具体运用教师讲授法、师生讨论、生生讨论等方法进行教学。

九.作业,讨论题,思考题

完成课后练习;

多看英语报刊杂志及英语经典小说,扩大阅读量;

精听与泛听相结合,逐步提高自己的听力水平;

积极参加英语角等有助于提高英语口语的活动;

坚持用英语写日记;

做一些专四相关练习;

十.参考资料:

1)杨立民主编,《现代大学英语精读》(4)第二版,学生用书。

北京:

外语教学与研究出版社,2012。

2)杨立民主编,《现代大学英语精读》(4)第二版,教师用书。

北京:

外语教学与研究出版社,2012。

3)李观仪主编,《新编英语教程》(第三、四册)。

上海:

上海外语教学研究出版,1999。

4)黄源深,虞苏美等主编,《综合英语教程》(1-4册)。

北京:

高等教育出版社,1998。

5)《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》,北京:

外语教学研究出版社,2000。

6)Judy Pearsall主编,《新牛津英语词典》。

上海:

上海外语教育出版社,1998。

7)丁往道、吴冰等编著,《英语写作手册》。

北京:

外语教学与研究出版社。

8)张道真,《现代英语用法词典》(重排本)。

北京:

外语教学与研究出版社,1994。

9)张道真,温志达, 《英语语法大全》上、下卷。

北京:

外语教学与研究出版社,1998。

十一、课后小结

 

Unit3 

TextAGroundless Beliefs

PartOne Warm –up

1.1Warm-up Questions

1.Whatistheauthortalking abouthere?

Whydo youthinkhewrotethisarticle?

2.What isyour overallimpressionofthis essay?

Doyoufindanypointsraisedbytheauthorparticularenlightening?

3. Doyouagreethatmanyofourbeliefsareactuallygroundless?

 Thinkcarefully andlistat least10ofyour strongly-held convictionswhich,uponseriousexamination,mustbeclassifiedasgroundless.Try andanalyzewhynowyouthink theyaregroundless.

4.Can youthinkofsomepersonal convictions thatyouaredeterminednot togiveawayalthoughtheir logical groundishighlyquestionable?

Canyouexplainwhy?

5.Whydowe havetobotherwhetherour beliefsarewell-groundedornot?

As mostofuswill probably betranslatorsor interpretersratherthanimportantdecision-makers,can’t we justtake orders,get things done, andearnourhonestliving?

6.Do youhaveanythingin your mindto challenge theauthor?

 Are hisviewsaboutgroundlessbeliefs well-grounded themselves?

PartTwoBackgroundInformation

2.1CatholicBelief

Togainthehappinessofheaven wemustknow,love,and serveGodinthisworld.Manmustknow,loveandserveGodinasupernaturalmannerinorderto gainhappinessof heaven.Manisraisedto the supernaturalorderonlybygrace恩泽,afreegiftofGod.Welearnto know,love,andserveGodfromJesus Christ,the Son of God,who teachesusthroughthe CatholicChurch. “Inorder tobe saved,allpersonswho have attainedtheuseofreasonmustbelieveexplicitly that Godexistsandthatherewardsthegoodandpunishesthe wicked;inpracticethey mustalso believe inthemysteriesoftheBlessed Trinityandthe Incarnation. 

Bythe BlessedTrinitywe meanone andthesameGod inthreedivinepersons,theFather, theSon,andtheHolyGhost.圣父、圣子、圣灵BytheIncarnationismeantthat theSonof God,retainingHisdivinenature,tooktoHimself a human nature,thatis,abodyandsoullikeours.(教堂里的)会众;集会;集合;人群

TheChurchis the congregationofall baptizedpersonsunitedinthesametrue faith,thesamesacrifice,andthesamesacraments,(天主教的)圣事;圣礼undertheauthorityof theSovereignPontiff罗马教皇 and thebishops in communion withhim.

Wefindthechieftruths taughtbyJesusChrist throughtheCatholicChurchintheApostles'Creed.宗徒信经 

2.2PresbyterianBelief

We believetheBible isthewritten wordofGod,inspiredbytheHoly Spirit andwithouterrorinthe originalmanuscripts.TheBibleistherevelationofGod’struthandis infallible一贯正确的and authoritative权威的;威严的;有威信的inallmattersoffaithand practice.

Webelievein theHolyTrinity.Thereisone God, who existseternallyin three persons:

 theFather,theSon,andthe Holy Spirit. 

Webelievethatall aresinnersand totallyunableto savethemselvesfrom God’sdispleasure,exceptby Hismercy.

Webelievethat JesusChristis theeternalSonofGod,whothroughHisperfect life andsacrificialdeathatonedfor赎罪thesinsofallwho willtrust in Him,alone,forsalvation.

We believe thattheHolySpiritindwellsGod’speople and gives themthestrengthandwisdomtotrustChristand follow Him.

WebelievethatJesus willreturn,bodilyand visibly,tojudgeallmankindand toreceive Hispeople to Himself. 

2.3Aristotle(384-322BC.):

Let meintroducemyself,I amAristotle. Ilivedfrom384-322B.C., Iwasapupil of Plato, anotherGreekphilosopher.MostdonotrealizethatIwasa tutorof Alexander theGreat. Myauthorshipincludesworksonethics,logic,metaphysics,naturalsciences,politics, andpoetry. SomesayIhadaprofoundinfluenceoncurrent Westernthought.Myphilosophicalsystemtheoryfollows empiricalobservationandlogic--theessentialmethodofrationalinquiry.

2.4Galileo(1564 --1642). 

Galileowas anastronomerandmathematician, borninPisa, Italy.HeenteredPisaUniversityas amedicalstudentin 1581,and becameprofessorof mathematics at Padua (1592--1610), whereheimprovedtherefractingtelescope(1610),and wasthefirst touseitforastronomy.帕多瓦(意大利东北部城市);折射望远镜Amonghis otherdiscoveries werethe lawofuniformlyacceleratedmotiontowardstheEarth, theparabolicpathofprojectiles,and thelaw thatallbodieshaveweight. 匀加速运动规律;弹丸的抛物线轨迹

2.5WilliamJames(1842-1910)

1842-Born. NewYorkCity, January 11

1861-Enters LawrenceScientificSchool,HarvardUniversity

1864-WilliamentersHarvardMedicalSchool.

1890 - PublicationofThePrinciplesofPsychology.

1910 - Died.Chocorua,August26, attheageof 68.

ThePrinciplesof Psychology

Jame’s analysisof the stream of thought

Hischaracterizationoftheself

Histheoryofemotion.

His analysisofthestream ofthought

James'sanalysisofthestream ofthought consistedofa numberofcomponents.

The firstofthesecomponents wasanattackontheideathat sensationsconstitutedthefundamental elementsofconsciousness.Sensation, Jamesargued,wasan abstractionfromnotafactofexperience.

Thetworemainingcomponents emphasizedchangeandcontinuityin thought.ForJames,thoughtcontainednoconstant elementsofanykind,betheysensationsorideas.Every perceptionwasrelative andcontextualized,every thoughtoccurredin amind modifiedbyeverypreviousthought. Statesofmindwere neverrepeated.

Hischaracterizationofthe self

James'schapterontheselfintroducednumerousself-related conceptsand distinctionsintopsychology.Thephenomenalself(theexperiencedself, the'me' self,theselfas known) wasdistinguishedfrom theselfthought (theI-self,theselfas knower).’

Indiscussingtheme-self,Jameswrote ofthreedifferentbutinterrelatedaspectsof self:

thematerialself(allthoseaspectsofmaterial existenceinwhich wefeel astrongsenseof ownership, ourbodies,ourfamilies, our possessions),thesocial self (our felt socialrelations),andthespiritual self(our feelingsof ourown subjectivity). 

Inaddressing the I-self,James turnedfirsttothefeeling ofselfidentity, theexperience that'Iam thesameself thatIwasyesterday.’

Histheoryofemotion

Finally,James's chapterontheemotions presented hisfamous theoryofemotion.伴随物;相伴物

Thechapterbeganwithaclearrecognitionofthecloserelationship betweenaction andtheexpressiveand physiological concomitantsofemotion'Objectsofrage, love,fear, etc.,'he wrote,'notonly prompt amanto outwarddeeds,butprovoke characteristicalterationsinhisattitudeandvisage,andaffect hisbreathing,circulation,andotherorganicfunctionsinspecificways.’

Here Jamesalsomadeitclearthat

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