完整word版初中定语从句公开课导学案.docx
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完整word版初中定语从句公开课导学案
（完整word版）初中定语从句公开课导学案
英语定语从句
一．定语从句的理解：
定语概念：
_____________________________________________________________________
划出下列定语
atallbuildingthebookonthedeskanythingimportantthegirlinred
如果定语_______________，便称为定语从句。
Iknowthegirl.Thegirlisinred.（两个简单句）→Iknowthegirlwhoisinred.
（定语从句）被修饰的词是_______________。
这个词就称为先行词。
其中连接两个句子的是______________，称为关系词。
关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当________________。
附：
关系词与先行词的关系：
关系词和先行词密切相关，因为关系词用来指代先行词，并且在从句中充当一定的成分。
定语从句中常用的关系词有：
关系代词________________________________________________________________
关系代词在从句中可充当___________，_____________或_____________；
关系副词_________（表示时间）_________（表示地点）_________（表示原因）
关系副词在从句中充当状语。
结论：
关系词常有三个作用：
1、_________2、_________3、_________
二．按关系词种类学习
（一）关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词一览表
关系词
所做成分
例句
练习一
1.Thisistheman________helpedme.
2.Thedoctor________youarelookingforisintheroom..
5.Thebuilding_________standsneartheriverisourschool.
6.Thisisthebook___________youwant.
7.Theroomin__________thereisamachineisaworkshop.
8.Thisistheboy_________brokethewindow.
9.Theletter_________Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.
练习二
Whose的用法
3.Doyouknowtheman________nameisWangYu?
4.Doyouseethehouse________windowsareallbroken?
1.I’vegotacat_______hairisyellow
2..HeismyEnglishteacher.Hissonisourclassmate
___________________________________________________________
练习三
1.Theboyswhofootballarefromthecountry.
A.areplayingBisplayingCplaysDtoplay
2.Atlast,themanhandedeverythinghehadstolentothepolice.
AwhichBwhatCthatDwho
3.ThisisthemostinterestingjourneyIhaveeverheardof.
A.whichBwhoCthatDwhom
4.Heisasingerwhohisownlyrics.
AwriteBwritesC.writingDtowrite
5.Thisistheboybrokemywindow.
A.whichBwhatCwhoDwhom
注：
that的用法
（1）只能用that而不用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
（a）在不定代词，如：
anything,nothing,all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？
Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.
Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.
（b）先行词有theonly,thevery,thelast,just修饰时，只用that。
ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.这正是我想买的字典。
c）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。
.
Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.这是我读过的最好的书。
（d）先行词既有人，又有物时。
IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.
（e）当主句以Therebe…结构开头时，或关系代词在therebe…结构中作实义主语，先行项为物
Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillfree.Therearetwobooksonhistorythatareforyou.
（f）主句的主语是疑问词who/which时
Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished．谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚．
（2）不用that的情况
（a）在引导非限定性定语从句时。
Thenecklace,whichyougavemeasapresent,waslostyesterday.
Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.
（错）Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.
（b）介词后不能用。
Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.
Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.
（二）关系副词引导的定语从句
关系词
所做成分
例句
基本用法
关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when,where和why分别表示时间，地点和原因。
1.when
在从句中作时间状语。
常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。
e.g.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplemakefunofothers.
=Aprilthefirstistheday_____________peoplemakefunofothers.
2.where
在从句中作地点状语。
常可由inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,onwhich等取代。
e.g.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.
=Thisisthehouse____________helivedtwoyearsago.
3.why
why在定语从句中作原因状语。
可用forwhich代替。
why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用forwhich代替。
e.g.Thisisthereasonwhyhewentaway.
=Thisisthereason____________hewentaway.
（二）关系副词常可用“介词+关系代词”的结构改写
这里的关系代词只限于which和whom，例如
1IwillneverforgetthenightwhenImetyouforthefirsttime.
=Iwillneverforgetthenight____________Imetyouforthefirsttime.
2ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.
=Thisisthehouse____________Ilivedtwoyearsago.
3Wedon’tknowthereasonforwhichhesuddenlyfellill.
=Wedon’tknowthereason____________hesuddenlyfellill.
注意：
并不是所有的介词+关系代词的结构都可用关系副词替代。
e.g.Iamveryimpressedbythewayinwhichheworks.
这里inwhich代表的是intheway,在句中作方式状语。
只有当介词+关系代词结构作表示时间、地点和原因的状语时，才能相应地用when,where和why代替。
（三）如何判断是用关系代词还是关系副词
这本质上取决于关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分。
前者充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，后者充当状语。
试比较下面两组句子：
1Thisisthefactorythat/whichproducesradios.
Thisisthefactorywhereradiosareproduced.
第一句中划线部分在从句中作____________语，故而应选用关系代词：
Thefactoryproducesradios.
而第二句中划线部分在从句中作____________语故而应选用关系副词：
Radiosareproducedinthefactory.
2Doyourememberthedays（that）wespenttogether?
Doyourememberthedayswhenweworkedtogether?
第一句中关系代词在从句中作宾语：
Wespentthedaystogether.
而第二句中关系副词作时间状语：
Weworkedtogetherduringthedays.
四、判断关系代词与关系副词的方法：
1.用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
及物动词后面没有宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
判断下列句子的对错
（）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.
（）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.
（）Thisisthemountainvillage（which）Ivisitedlastyear.
（）I'llneverforgetthedays（which）Ispentinthecountryside.
2.准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也就能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?
A.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone
例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone
三．使用定语从句需要注意的问题：
（1）关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词常省去。
如：
Theplay（which）IwatchedjustnowhadbeenontwiceonChannel
（2）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。
如：
Thisisthehouse（that/which）welivedinlastyear.
=Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.
Pleasetellmetheperson（who/whom）youborrowedtheEnglishnovelfrom.
=PleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.
三、跟踪练习
（一）用关系代词或关系副词将下列每组两个简单句合成一个复合句。
1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.
2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Hewillgiveusatalktomorrow.
3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.
4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.
5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.
6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.
7.Themanwasmyuncle.Themanwavedtous.
8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemethebooklastweek.
9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.
10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.
（二）用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.
2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.
3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.
4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.
5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.
6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.
7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.
8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.
9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?
10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.
11.Helikestoreadbooks________arewrittenbyforeignwriters.
12.Those______wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrow.
13.Theprofessor________youarewaitingforhascome.
14.Footballisagame_______islikedbymostboys.
15.We’llgotohearthefamoussinger_______wehaveoftentalked.
16.Theseason_________comesafterspringissummer.
三）单项填空基础选择
1.—Whoistheman______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?
—Oh!
It’sMr.Baker,ourmathteacher.
A.heB.thatC.whomD.which
2.Ihatethepeople______don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.
A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where
3.Theforeigner_______visitedourschoolisfromCanada.
A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom
4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.
A.whoB.whomC.heD.which
5.Thisistheplace_______Ihaveevervisited.
A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which
6.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.
A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when
7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why
8.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.
A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which
9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.
A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich
10.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.
A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which
能力提高:
1.Canyoumakethee-mailmorebeautiful?
DearEden,
Howareyou?
Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.Halfayearago,youwentbacktoHawaiiandwe
boughtanewflat.We’vejustmovedintoit.Itcostusover1.5millionyuan.Anditisonthefifthfloorofatallbuilding.ThisbuildingliesnearthePearlRiver.ThePearlRiveriscalledourmotherriver.IhavemyownroomandIlikeit.Itswindowfacestothegarden.Inthegarden,therearesomanybeautifulandstrangeplants.Idon’tknowanythingaboutthem.HowIhopeyoucancomeandvisitmyflat.I’m
lookingforwardtoyourcoming.
Bestwishes.
Yours
Lucy
DearEden,
Howareyou?
Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.We’vejustmovedintothenewflat1______________________________________________________.Weboughtitatthetime2_______________________________________________________.Anditisonthefifthfloorofatallbuilding3________________________________________________.Ilikemy
room4_______________________________________________________.Inthegarden,
therearesomanybeautifulandstrangeplants5_________________________________
HowIhopeyoucancomea
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