广州一模英语试题word版标准答案.docx
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广州一模英语试题word版标准答案
2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试
(一)
英语
2016.3
本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
注意事项:
1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2.选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
1.WhoisorganizingtheFestivalofBooks?
A.BookTV.B.TheLosAngelesTimes.
C.NaturalHistoryMuseum.D.LosAngelesPublicLibrary.
2.Howarethebestbookprizeschosen?
A.Byagroupofexperts.B.Byavoteoftheauthors,
C.Bythereadingpublic.D.Byfestivalsponsors.
3.Whatistrueaboutticketstothefestival?
A.Theyareonlyforpublishedauthors.B.Theyincludetransporttoeachevent.
C.TheycanonlybeappliedforonlineD.Theycanbepurchasedattheeventlocation.
B
In1800,onlythreepercentoftheworld'spopulationlivedincities.Onlyonecity—Beijing—hadapopulationofoveramillion.Mostpeoplelivedinruralareas,andneversawacityintheirlives.In1900,justahundredyearslater,roughly150millionpeoplelivedincities,andtheworld’stenlargestcitiesallhadpopulationsexceedingonemillion.By2000,thenumberofcitydwellersexceededthreebillion;andin2008,theworld'spopulationcrossedatippingpoint—morethanhalfofthepeopleonEarthlivedincities.By2050,thatcouldincreasetoovertwo-thirds.Clearly,humanshavebecomeanurbanspecies.
Inthe19thandearly20thcenturies,manypeopleviewedcitiesnegatively—crowded,dirtyenvironmentsfullofdiseaseandcrime.Theyfearedthatascitiesgotbigger,livingconditionswouldworsen.Inrecentdecades,however,attitudeshavechanged.Manyexpertsnowthinkurbanization(城市化)isgoodnews,offeringsolutionstotheproblemsofEarth’sgrowingpopulation.
HarvardeconomistEdwardGlaeser,authorofTheVictoryoftheCir,isonesuchperson.Glaeserarguesthatcitiesareveryproductivebecause“theabsenceofspacebetweenpeople”reducesthecostoftransportinggoods,people,andideas.Whiletheflowofgoodshasalwaysbeenimportanttocities,whatismostimportanttodayistheflowofideas.Successfulcitiesenablepeopletolearnfromeachothereasily,andattractandrewardsmartpeoplewithhigherwages.
AnotherurbanizationsupporterisenvironmentalistStewartBrand.Brandbelievescitieshelptheenvironmentbecausetheyallowhaftoftheworld’spopulationtoliveonaboutfourpercentoftheland.Thisleavesmorespaceforopencountry,suchasfarmland.Citydwellersalsohavelessimpactperpersonontheenvironmentthanpeopleinthecountryside.Theirroads,sewers,andpowerlinesneedfewerresourcestobuildandoperate.Cityapartmentsrequirelessenergytoheat,cool,andlight.Mostimportantly,peopleincitiesdrivelesssotheyproducefewergreenhousegasesperperson.
Soit’samistaketoseeurbanizationasevil;it’sanaturalpartofdevelopment.Thechallengeishowtomanagethegrowth.
4.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?
A.Thehistoryofmoderncities.
B.Changestakingplacewithincities.
C.Howcitieshavegrownovertime.
D.Whymoderncitiesarechanging.
5.Howhaveexperts’attitudestowardscitieschangedinrecentdecades?
A.Theynowviewtheweaknessesasstrengths.
B.Theynolongerseecity-rivingasattractive.
C.Theyacceptcitylifeinspiteofitsproblems.
D.Theythinkcity-rivingprovidesmorebenefits.
6.WhichofthefollowingwouldEdwardGlaeseragreewith?
A.Citiesprovidemoreeconomicopportunities.
B.Citypeoplegetalongbetterwitheachother.
C.Over-crowdedcitiesresultinproblems.
D.Citieslimittheflowofideas.
7.AccordingtoParagraph4,whatwouldbetheresultofmovingpeopleoutofcities?
A.Economicproductionwouldbereduced.
B.Therewouldbelessfarmlandavailable.
C.Peoplewouldtravellessfrequently.
D.Housevalueswouldfallgreatly.
C
ItwasDecember25,1914,only5monthsintoWorldWarI.German,British,andFrenchsoldiers,alreadysickandtiredofthesenselesskilling,disobeyedtheirsuperiorsandstartedsocialisingwith“theenemy”alongtwo-thirdsoftheWesternFront.
GermantroopsheldupChristmastreeswithsigns,“MerryChristmas”.Thousandsoftroopsranacrossthebattlefieldscoveredwithdeadbodies.TheysangChristmassongs,exchangedphotographsoflovedonesbackhome,sharedfoodandevenplayedfootball.Soldiershuggedmentheyhadbeentryingtokillafewshorthoursbefore.Theyagreedtowarneachotheriftheirofficersforcedthemtofiretheirweapons,andtoaimhigh.
Fearranthroughthemilitaryleadersonbothsides.Theyfeltthattheirpowerwasbeingchallenged:
soldiersdeclaringtheirbrotherhoodwitheachotherandrefusingtofight.Generalsdeclaredthisunexpectedpeacemakingillegalandsaidthatparticipatingsoldierswouldfaceamilitarycourt.Thosefoundguiltywouldbeimprisonedorevenshot.ByMarch1915thesocialisingmovementhadbeendestroyedandthekillingmachinewasbackinfulloperation.Overthenextthreeyearsmorethanfifteenmillionpeoplediedinthewar.
NotmanypeoplehaveheardthestoryoftheChristmasTruce(休战).OnChristmasDay,1988,alocalradiohostinBostonplayed“ChristmasintheTrenches”,asongabouttheChristmasTruce,severaltimesandwasstunnedbyhislisteners’response.Thousandsofpeoplecalledin,praisingthesong,withmanymovedtotearsbytheamazingeventsitdescribed.
Youcanprobablyguesswhythecallerswereintears.TheChristmasTrucestorygoesagainstmostofwhatwehavebeentaughtaboutpeople.Itletsusseetheworldasitcanbeandsays,“Thisreallyhappenedonce.”Itshowsusthepotentialwehaveashumans,andcontradictsallofthoseTVandnewspaperstoriesthattellushowmeanandheartlesspeopleare.Itislikehearingthatourdeepestwishesreallyaretrue:
theworldreallycanbedifferent.
8.Thesoldiersbegansocialisingwiththeenemybecause________.
A.theycouldn'tbearthemeaninglesskilling
B.itwasthebestwaytoavoidbeingkilled
C.theyfearedthattheywouldbecaught
D.theirenemieswerefromsimilarbackgrounds
9.Howdidthegeneralsfinallyputanendtothesoldiers’socialising?
A.Theysentthesoldiers’lovedonestoprison.
B.Theymovedthetwogroupsofsoldiersfurtherapart.
C.Theyincreasedthenumberofofficerstocontrolthesoldiers.
D.Theywarnedthesoldiersthattheywouldfaceseverepunishment.
10.Theunderlinedword“stunned”inParagraph4mostprobablymeans________.
A.satisfiedB.shockedC.amusedD.confused
11.Theauthorusesthestoryofthesoldierstoimplythathumanbeings________.
A.arenottrustworthyunderstress
B.arenaturallyaggressiveandwar-like
C.arebasicallycaringandkindhearted
D.willalwaysdowhatisintheirownself-interest
D
Earlierthisyear,thesocialmediawebsiteFacebookannouncedthatitwouldworkwithseveralnewsorganisations—includingTheNewYorkTimes,TheGuardian,andtheBBC—toplacenewsstoriesdirectlyintousers’personalFacebookwebpage.StoriespublishedusingFacebookInstantwillloadmorequicklyandkeepthestyleoftheoriginalpublisher,whowillkeepalltheadvertisingincomethestoriesearn—atleastfornow.Thedealshowshowimportantsocial,mediahasbecometonewsorganisations,andisaclearsignofhowtheworldofnewsischanging—andhasbeenforawhile.
WhenGoogleNewsbeganin2002,manysawitasthedeathofthenewspaper.Ithadnohumaneditor.InsteadGoogleused,andstilluses,asecretcomputerprogramthatselectsanddisplaysnewsstoriesaccordingtothereader’spersonalinterests.Morerecently,AssociatedPressandYahoo!
havebeenpunishingcomputer-writtenarticles.Bothusespecialsoftwaretoautomaticallyproducestoriesaboutcompanyfinancialresultsandsportsreports—areaswherethequalityofwritingisfelttobeofsecondaryimportancetotheaccuracyofthedata.
Shouldwebeworriedaboutsuchdevelopments?
Ithinkweshould.Oneconcernisthatfacebook,Googleandothersocialmediawebsitesseejournalismasasideline,awayofputtingpeopleinfrontofadvertisements.Itisn’ttheirprimaryfunction—soifitstopsmakingthemlotsofmoney,they'relikelytostopdoingit.
There’salsoaconcernthatcomputer-writtenarticlesarenotactuallyjournalismatall,becausewhatahumannewsteamproducesisactuallyquitecomplex.Awell-writtennewsstoryputsinformationincontext,offersavoicetoeachsideofanargumentandbringsthepublicnewknowledge.
Thougheconomicsandspeedofdeliverymeanreaderswillprobablychooseacomputer-writtenstoryoveracarefullyshapedarticle—atleastfordailynews—Idon'tthinkthecomputerswillbewritinganyin-deptharticlesforawhileyet.
12.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?
A.ToreportonanewcomputerserviceofferedbyFacebook..
B.Toadvisereadersagainstreadingcomputer-writtennews.
C.Toexpressconcernaboutrecenttrendsinonlinenews.
D.Todescribetheprocessofonlinenewsreporting.
13.Computer-writtennewsreportshavesofarfocusedonsportsandfinancebecause________.
A.thesearethemostpopulartopicsforonlinereaders
B.therearefewerjournalistsspecialisingintheseareas
C.informationonthesetopicsismoreeasilyavailable
D.writingstyleislessimportantthanaccuracyintheseareas
14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto?
A.Journalism.B.Advertising.C.Facebook.D.Business.
15.InParagraph4,whichofthefollowingismentionedasacharacteristicofawell-writtennewsarticle?
A.Theinformationpresentedisup-to-date.B.Theauthor'sopinioniscle