河大版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类A卷.docx
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河大版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类A卷
河大版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）A卷
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一、阅读理解（共5题；共52分）
1.（10分）阅读理解
AnewcameramadebyacompanynamedNetatmohasfacialrecognitionsoftware（面部识别软件）.Itcantellparentsatworkthattheirchildrenhavereturnedfromschool,orthatapackagehasbeentakentotheirhome.Itcanalsotellthemifastrangerhasenteredtheirhome.
JaninaMattauschistheproductmarketingmanagerforNetatmo.
"Thecommonsecurity（安全）cameraatpresentarenotthatsmart.Theycantellifsomethingismovingbuttheydon'tnecessarilyknowifit'sahumanbeingor,ah,ifit'syourkids.Theydon'tknowthedifference,sotheywillwarnyouallthetime."
Whenfamilymembersenterahome,thenewcamera"recognizes（识别）"themandsendsinformationtotheowner'ssmartphone.Theownercanchoosetoseethevideothenorlater.Butifanunknownpersonentersahome,thecamerawillsendthewarningthatwillcauseanalarmtosoundontheowner'ssmartphone.
ThatiswhathappenedrecentlytoanownerofthesmartcameranamedDamien,HelivesinParis.
"OnaFridayIwasatwork,attending（出席）abigmonthlymeetingwhenmyphonewarned.AtfirstItoldmyself,'Oh,itmustbeamistake,maybeIhavetosetthesystemagain.'Butthenoticeonmyphonewastellingmethattherewasamovementinmyflatandalsoafacethatthesoftwaredidnotrecognize."
Hewatchedthevideoandwasverysurprisedbywhathesaw."Iwaswatchingitliveonvideo.SoIfelttotallyunbelievableandfrozen.IaskedaworkmatetotakemebackhomeasfastaspossibleandIcalledthepoliceontheway."
Withthehelpofthevideo,thepolicefoundtheintruder（闯A者）laterthatday.
（1）ThenewcameramadebyNetatmocan_________.
A.warnthestrangers
B.recognizethecomers
C.stopthevisitors
D.welcomethechildren
（2）Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus_________.
A.wherethenewcameraisplaced
B.whatthenewcameralookslike
C.whenthenewcameraisused
D.howthenewcameraworks
（3）WecanlearnfromthepassagethatDamien_________.
A.foundthewarningwasamistake
B.wastoobusytonoticethewarning
C.feltshockedtoseeastrangerinhisflat
D.caughttheintruderbyhimselfthatday
（4）Thewriterprovesthenewcameraworkswellby_________.
A.givinganexample
B.makingasurvey
C.doinganexperiment
D.havingaspeech
2.（12分）阅读理解
Humanshavelearntmanythingsfromnature.Thesethingshavehelpedusinourdailylife.Thelatestthingisself-repairingclothing.
Scientistshavedevelopedaspecialwayforclothingtorepairripsandtearsbyitself,withouttheneedforsewing.Itworkswithmaterialssuchascotton,linenandwool.ThescientistsarefromtheNavalResearchOfficeandPennsylvaniaStateUniversityintheUSA.ScientistsDrWalterDressickandDrMelikDemirellookedathowasquidcanclingontothingssowell.Theresearchteamfoundaproteinintheringsofteeththatcoverthesuckersonasquid.Theproteinissimilartotheonefoundinthesilkthatspidersusetomakespiderwebs.Itisverystrongandelastic.
Thenewproteinhasbeendevelopedaspartofacoating,whichisputonclothes.Whenthecoatingisdippedinwater,theareaaroundtheriportearjoinstogetherinlessthanaminute.Thiscouldhelpclotheslastlongerandsavemoneyforus.Itcouldalsobeusefulformilitaryandsurvivalclothes.Peoplelikesoldiersandmountaineerswouldbesaferiftheyhadclothesthatcouldberepairedquicklyandeasily.ProfessorDemirelspokeabouttheinvention.Hesaid,"Thecoatingsarethin,lessthanamicron,sotheywouldn'tbenoticedineverydaywear."Thenheadded,"Eventhin,theyincreasetheoverallstrengthofthematerial.Forthefirsttime,wearemakingself-healingtextiles."
（1）Fromwhathavehumanslearntalot？
A.Books.
B.Nature.
C.Scientists.
D.Clothing.
（2）WhatisNOTneededfortheself-repairingclothestofixthemselves？
A.Tears.
B.Cotton.
C.Sewing.
D.Glue.
（3）What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedwords"issimilarto"？
A.与……相同
B.与……不同
C.与……相似
D.与……一样
（4）Thepassageisabout .
A.thenewprotein
B.thecoating
C.humans
D.thespider
3.（10分）（2019九上·绍兴月考）阅读理解
Populationsofwhite-taileddeer（白尾鹿）aregrowingrapidlyinmanypartsoftheUnitedStates.Aspopulationsgrow,foodbecomesaproblem.Manydeerdieofhunger.Othersgrowupsmallandunhealthy.Insearchoffood,hungrydeermoveclosertowherehumanslive.Theyeatfarmcrops,vegetablesandeventrees.Besides,increasednumbersofdeernearroadscancausetrafficaccidents.
Peopleadmirethegraceandfastspeedofdeer.Mostpeopledon'twanttheseanimalstobehungryandill.Shouldpeopletakeactiontocontrolthegrowingdeerpopulations?
ShouldPeopleTakeDirectAction?
Manypeoplethinkthathunting（打猎）isthebestwaytocontroltheanimalpopulations.Wildlifemanagerswillseeifthere'senoughfoodinanareaanddecideitscarryingcapacity（容量）.Thenhunterswithlicensesaresenttohelpcontrolthenumberofdeer.Huntingisusuallynotallowedincitiesorsuburbs,however.
Somepeoplehavetheideatocatchthedeerandmovethemtootherplaces.Butthismethodisexpensiveandrequiresfindinganotherplacethatcanacceptthedeerwithoutbreakingthebalanceofecosystem（生态系统）.
Scientistsarealsoworkingtodevelopchemicals（化学药品）tocontrolthebirthrate（率）indeerpopulations.Butthisplanworksforonlyoneyearatatime.
ShouldPeopleTakeIndirectAction?
Somesuggestbringinginnaturalenemiesofdeer,suchaswolves,lionsandbears,toareaswithtoomanydeer.Buttheseanimalscouldalsohurtdogs,cats,andevenhumans.Othercommunitieshavebuilttallfences（篱笆）aroundareastokeepoutthedeer.However,thisisimpossibleforfarmers.
▲
Somepeopleareagainstanykindofaction.Theysupportleavingthedeeralone.Animalpopulationsinanareanaturallygoupanddownovertime.Doingnothingmeansthatsomedeerwilldieofhungerorillness.Butfinally,thepopulationwillreachasizewithinthecarryingcapacity（容量）oftheenvironment.So,letnaturegoitsownway.
（1）Accordingtothepassage,increasednumbersofdeercanbring topeopleinthearea.
A.waterpollution
B.trafficaccidents
C.seriousillnesses
D.growingpopulations
（2）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttofillinthe" ▲ "inthepassage?
A.ShouldPeopleDoNothing?
B.ShouldPeopleProtecttheDeer?
C.ShouldPeopleTakeSpecialAction?
D.ShouldPeopleDrivetheDeerAway?
（3）Thewritermostprobablyagreesthat .
A.farmerscanbuildfencestokeepthedeerout
B.peopleshouldleavethedeeraloneinthewild
C.huntingisthebestwaytocontrolthedeerpopulations
D.it'sgreattocatchthedeerandmovethemtootherplaces
（4）Thewriterorganizesthispassageby .
A.tellingstories
B.usingnumbers
C.givingopinions
D.describingscenes（场景）
4.（10分）根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
C
Afteralongday'sstudyatschool,youareverytired.Soafterschoolyougohometorelax.Whenyougethome,arobotgreetsyou.He'shappytoseeyouandhelpsyoutakeyourschoolthingstoyourroom.Helistenstoyoutalkaboutyourschoollifeandtellsyouanewjoke.Andhetellsyoutocallyourcousinandtosayhappybirthday.Andthenhehelpsyouwithyourhomework.
Thisisyourfuture,andtherobot'snameisNAO.NAOhasasmallbody,bigeyesandalargehead.Hecanwalkanddance.Helistensandtalks,andheevenlearnsandthinksforhimself.Hiscreators（创造者）predictthattherobotwillbeinpeople'shomesbefore2040.
This$16,000robotknowswhoyouare.NAOcanevenexpressemotions（表达情感）.Heisaself-guidedrobot.Aself-guidedrobotcansense（感觉）,thinkandact.Otherrobotsmightdotwooutofthethree.Forexample,arobotmightsensethingsusingcamerasandthinkusingcomputers,butwithnoarms,hecan'tact.Anotherrobotcanmoveandsensethings,buthecan'tthinkforhimself.Thesearen'tself-guidedrobots.ButNAOcandothemall.
（1）
Theunderlinedword"greets"means" "inChinese.
A.讨厌
B.击败
C.迎接
D.仰慕
（2）
Therobottellsyouto toyourcousin.
A.sayhappybirthday
B.dance
C.sendabirthdaygift
D.write
（3）
WhatdoesNAOlooklike?
A.Hehassmalleyesandasmallhead.
B.Hehasbigeyesandalargehead.
C.Hehasalargebodywithalargehead.
D.Hehasasmallbodywithasmallhead.
（4）
WhenmightpeoplehaverobotslikeNAOintheirhomes?
A.In2020.
B.Inabout15years.
C.In2030.
D.Inabout30years.
（5）
WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.NAOisn'taself-guidedrobot.
B.NAOcan'thelpkidswiththeirhomework.
C.NAOismorethanfifteenthousanddollars.
D.NAOcanmoveandsense,buthecan'tthink.
5.（10分）Thesealooksverybeautifulwhenthesunisshiningonit.Butitcanbeveryterriblewhenthereisastrongwind.Theseaisverybig.Itcoversthreequartersoftheearth.Theseaisalsoverydeepinsomeplaces.Inoneplace,theseaisabout11kilometresdeep.Thehighestmountain（山）intheworldisaboutninekilornetreshigh.Ifthatmountainwasputintotheseaatthatplace,therewouldstillbetwokilometresofwateraboveit!
Inmostpartsofthesea,thereareplentyoffishesandplants（植物）.Somelivenearthetopofthesea.Others
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