风景园林专业英语阅读.docx

风景园林专业英语阅读.docx

《风景园林专业英语阅读.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《风景园林专业英语阅读.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

风景园林专业英语阅读

1ZaryadyePark,Moscow

ProjectInformation

ProjectLocation：

RussiaMoscow,RussiaProjectClassify：

PlanningProjectScale：

13haDesignTime：

2013--Buildtime：

--Client：

MoscowCityGovernmentChiefDesigner：

KongjianYu

ProjectProfile

InJunethisyear,theTurenscapeConsortiumwasselected,asoneofashortlistof6,toprepareadesignproposalforZaryadyePark,Moscow.Ourschemeistitled‘TheBlueCircleofMoscow’,whichhasareflectingpoolintheshapeofaperfectcircleasitscenterpiece,asamirrortotheMoscowskyline,managingurbanstormwater,andaroundwhichamyriadofprogramsandlandscapeswillflourish.

TheBlueCircleisenvisionedasanewcityicon,whichlinksthepastwiththepresentandthefuture,whichreconnectsmanwithnature,whichreunitestheseparatedurbanspace,andwhichgathersindividualsofallkinds.

Projectconcept

RootedinthegeniuslociofMoscowandthesite,theZaryadyeParkisdesignedasanurbanecosystemthatprovidesmultipleeco-servicestothecityandpeople.Byoverlayingtherichnessofsite'shistoricallayers,theParkbecomesalivingpuzzlethatlockstogetherthecity’smemory,culture,ecologyandpeople,whichrevealsthememoryofthepastandmakesaprophecyforthefuture.ZaryadyeParkisacontemporarylandscapewithanewaestheticbasedonenvironmentalethics:

itoffershighperformanceandrequireslowmaintenance;itrepairsthebrokenconnectionsbetweenmanandnature.Itsmainfeature-theBlueCircleistheperfectcounterpointtotheRedSquare.

Challengesofthesitethattheproposalneedstodealwithare

1.UrbanEcology:

stormwaterandsnowmeltsfromsurrounding

2.NationalIdentity:

aniconwithrepresentative,authentic,naturalandculturallandscape

3.HarshClimate:

coldwinterandhotsummer

4.RecreationandTourism:

providesintimatespacesandalsoforactivitiesinacrowdsetting

5.Heritageandhistory:

existingbuildingsasopen-airmuseum

6.SiteConnectivity:

linkingRedSquare,waterfront,andcontext

ProjectStrategies

Inordertodealwiththechallengesweadoptedadesignstrategy,whichprovides

1.Afunctionalecosystemthatcleansandfiltratescity’sstormwaterandsnowmeltandsupportnativebiodiversity

2.AnewiconofMoscowthatrepresentsanauthenticnaturalandculturallandscape

3.Anoasisthatregulatestheharshclimateandurbanenvironmentandactsasaretreattoprovideanintimateexperienceofnature

4.Aplacethatgatherspeopleandstagesdifferentactivitiesinallseasonsandweather

5.Apublic'balcony'andopenmuseumforthecitywhichcatchesthebestviewsofMoscow'sheritageskyline

6.Aunitingspacethatconnectsthesurroundingurbanfabricandthewaterfront

ProjectDescription

ZaryadyePark-theBlueCircleofMoscow-isanintegrationof4layers.

Firstly,itisasystemofDesignedNatures.Itiscomposedof5majorlandscapeelementsthatrepresentRussian

vernacularlandscapes-thembeing,themonasterygardens,meadow,constructedwetland,reflectionpondandbirchforest.

Secondly,theschemebringstotheforethefootprintsremnantsonthesite.Thedesignvisualizestheimprintsofthehistoricalbuildingsandstreetscapethatliesunderneath,andtransformstheseimprintsintoafunctionalwetlandandgroundpattern.

Thirdly,therearetheWintergardens.Servicefacilitiesincludingcafé,restaurant,andtemporaryexhibitionsarecontainedinglasshouses.

Lastly,thereistheBoardwalkandSkywalksystemthataredetachedfromthegroundandthatintegrateseatingwithplatformsandenvironmentalinterpretationsystemforpeopletoexperiencethedesignednatures.

2QuzhouLumingPark

ProjectProfile

1.ProjectStatement:

Onasitesurroundedbydensenewurbandevelopment,thelandscapearchitectcreatedadynamicurbanparkbyincorporatingtheagriculturalstrategyofcroprotationandalowmaintenancemeadow.Anelevatedfloatingnetworkofpedestrianpaths,platformsandpavilionscreateavisualframeforthiscultivatedswathandthenaturalfeaturesoftheterrainandwater.Usingthesestrategies,adesertedmismanagedlandscapewasdramaticallytransformedintoaproductiveandbeautifulsettingforurbanliving,whilepreservingthenaturalandculturalpatternsandprocessesofthesite.

2.ProjectNarratives

ChallengesandObjectives：

TheprojectislocatedonthewestbankoftheShiliangRiver,intheWestNewDistrictofQuzhouCity,ZhejiangProvince,withapopulationof2.5million.Thecity,boastingahistoryofover1,800years,isknowntotheworldbecauseofitsstrategiclocationontheeastcoastofChina.DuringtheWorldWarII,theUSAirForceusedthesmallairportatQuzhouasabasefortheDoolittleRaid（theTokyoRaid）,on18April,1942.

Withatotalareaof32hectares,thesiteissurroundedbyintensiveurbandevelopment,boundedbytheriveronthewestandanurbanthoroughfareattheeast.Itisaremnantpatchworklandscapemadeupofrollinghillscoveredwithamosaicofexposedredsandstone;vegetatedareasofbushesandgrasses;smallswathesofabandonedfarmfields;ariparianfloodplainalongtheriverbasin;andalineargroveoftreesborderingtheriver.Scatteredinthislandscapeweresmallvillagetrailspavedwithriverstones,anoldrestingpavilion,anirrigationditchleadingtoapumphousethatpulledwaterfromtheriver.Thereisanelevationdropof20metersfromtheurbanroadwaytotheriparianfloodplainandasandstonecliffatthewaterfront.TheconventionalapproachindevelopingalargenewurbandistrictinChinaistolevelthesite–themethodusedinthesurroundinglandscapeforurbanareasandparks.Simplybecausethisruggedlandscapemosaicisnotconsideredvaluableoraestheticallypleasingandtheculturallandscapeelementsaredeemedinsignificant,thecommonpracticeoflevelingthegroundsimplifiesthemechanicalandengineeringprocessesandfacilitatestheinstallationofinfrastructuresuchasroads,watersupplyandstormwaterdrainage. 

Theclient’ssimplerequestwasthattheparkshouldbeamultifunctionalgreenspacethatprovidesrecreationalopportunitiesforthecitizens.Thelandscapearchitecttookthisopportunitytoexploreinnovativeconceptstorealizethepotentialforanurbanparkthatisnotonlyarecreationalgreenspace,butalsoservesasecologicalinfrastructurethatprovidesholisticecosystemsbenefits.Thedesigngoalsalsoincludedaddressingbigpictureissuessuchasclimatechange,foodandenergysecurity,waterresilience,andanewlandscapeaestheticofproductivityandlowmaintenance.Ideassuchas“befriendingtheflood”,agriculturalurbanismandproductivelandscape,minimumintervention,performativelandscape,etc.areintegratedintoalandscapetransformationstrategy:

“quiltingtheterrain”.

3.DesignStrategy:

Quiltingtheterrain 

Thetransformativestrategyofquiltingtheterrainisexecutedbythefollowingfourstrategies:

（1）Preservationofthelandscape’sassets

Themosaiclandscapepatternanditsnaturalprocessesarekeptbasicallyunchanged:

therockoutcroppingsandcliffs,thebrushandgrasscover,thenaturaldrainagesystemandthefluctuationofriverwater,theagriculturalfields,andthetreesliningtheriverbankarekeptintact.Theculturallandscapeelementsincludingthevillagetrailswiththeoldpavilionandtheirrigationditchwiththepumphousearetreatedasculturalheritageelementsofthesitetobemaintainedandrepairedtopreservethesite’shistory.Thesesignificantnaturalandculturallandscapefeaturescomposeacanvaslacedwithmeaningandrichtextures,ontowhichthelandscapearchitectweavedinlayersofcontextuallyappropriatedesign.

（2）“Quilting”productivevegetationintotheterrain:

Whiletheexistinghabitatswerepreserved,productivecropswereintroducedtocovertheabandonedfields.Thecropsrotateannuallyaccordingtotheseason:

canolaflowersinthespring,sunflowersinthesummerandfall,andbuckwheatinearlywinter.Meadowsplantedwithamixtureofflowerspeciesalsorotatewithotherproductivecropsinsomeareas.Patchesoflowmaintenanceperennialchrysanthemumflowers,whichcanbeharvestedforChineseherbalmedicine,aregrowntoenrichthelandscapespectrum.Twoareasofgrassylawnsaredesignatedforcamping,athleticfields,kid’srecreation,etc.Thediversepalletofvegetationcreatesanoverallproductiveand/orlowmaintenancecanvasthatencouragesdynamicyear-roundeventsandcelebrationsandprovidesday-to-dayuseofthepark.

（3）Adaptingthewaterprocessesandwaterresilience:

Thepre-existingdrainagesystemonthesitewaspreserved,andadditionalbio-swaleswereaddedtofieldsandslopedareastocaptureandfilterstormwater（whichcanbeusedforirrigationwhenneeded）.Permeablematerialswereusedonallpavedsurfaces.Concreteembankmentswereremovedsothattheriverandwetlandswerefreetofluctuatenaturally.Aboardwalkwasdesignedto“float”abovetherivercreatinganaccessroutethatallowsvisitorstoappreciatetheredstonecliffs,whichwouldotherwisegounnoticed.Thepavilionswerebuilttobeflood-friendly.

（4）Framingtheterrainandwaterwithanetworkofpathsandstructures:

Boardwalks,bridges,platforms,pavilionsandaviewingtowerformacirculationnetworkthatprovidesvisitorswitharichsetofinteractionswiththemosaiclandscape.Thepavilionstructuresareinspiredbythesimplesheltersdottedinthevernacularlandscapethatprovidelunchandrestingspaceforworkingfarmersinthefieldsinthissubtropicalclimate.Thisnetwork,whiledetachedfromthe“canvas”ofthelandscapemosaicbelowit,effectivelytransformstheproductiveand“messy”natureb