湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练3.docx

湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练3.docx

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湖北省随州市高考英语阅读理解短文改错训练3

湖北省随州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（3）（答案或解析）

Dogtrainingisabusinessforsomepeople,aserioushobbyforothers,andaonceinalifetimeexperienceformany.Individualsinallofthesecategorieswouldprobablyagreethatconsistency（一致性）isakeyelementofsuccessfromthebeginning.

Ifpuppiesaretobesocialized,theymustlearntocontroltheimpulsetousethecarpetasabathroom,chewshoes,andnipatfingers.Thefirstissue,bathroomtrainingismoreeasilyaccomplishedinwarmweather.Trytofeedyourpupoutdoors,andafterhehasfinishedeating,takehimtoaspotwhereyouwouldlikehimtoeliminate.Ifhecooperates,praisehimgenerouslywithwordsandpats.Takehimtothesamespotaftereachmeal,andeventuallyhewillfollowthisroutinehimself.

Thesightofasmallpuppychewingthroughanewtennisshoewillmakeyoudowelltoremovethestolenshoefromthepup’smouthandfirmly

say“no！

”.Provideyourpupwithsomeacceptabletoys,suchasaballorachewtoy.

Untilyourpupiswelltrainedandtrustworthy,don’tleavehimunattendedunlessheislimitedtoasmallarea.Whenheisyoung,youwanttobesure

someonewillpraiseyourpupfordesiredbehaviorandexpressdisapprovalwhenhedoessomethingyouwanttodiscourage.

Youwillwantyourdogtolearntorespondtothecommands“Come”，“Sit”，and“Stay”.Again,consistencyandpraisewillhelpyouachievethisgoal.Eachtimethedogrespondsasyouwish,praisehim.Wheneverheignoresyourcommand,makehimdowhatyoucommandedandthenpraisehim.

Negativebehaviormustbeattendedtoalso.Youcandisciplinemostdogswithouthittingthem.Sincetheyareusuallyanxioustoplease,mostdogsaredutypunishedbycruelwordsandtoneofvoice.Remembertobeconsistentsoyourdogknowsunquestioninglywhatisacceptablebehavior.

Althoughthefirststagesofdogtrainingrequiregreatdealoftimeandpatience,therewardofasocializedandobedientdogiswellworththeeffort.

1．Dogtrainingisappropriatelyattemptedby______.

A.professionalsB.hobbyists

C.zoologistsD.anyone

2．Whatisnegativebehaviorbesthandledby?

A.Aslaponthenose.

B.Tyingthedogup.

C.Afirmtoneofvoice.

D.Starvingthedog.

3．ThearticledealswithallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.

A.chewingproblems

B.barkingatstrangers

C.bathroomtraining

D.respondingtocommands

4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.TipsonTraini

ngYourDog

B.AGoodPuppy

C.ASix－weekProgramtoTrainYourDog

D.LeaveDogTrainingtotheProfessionals

文章就如何驯狗进行说明。

1．D。

推理判断题。

通读全文可知：

只要你坚持，任何人都能驯狗，因此D项正确。

2．C。

细节理解题。

由文章的倒数第二自然段中的“...,mostdogsaredutypunishedbycruelwordsandtoneofvoice.”可知C项为正确答案。

3．B。

推理判断题。

通读短文可知：

文章中并未涉及驯狗向陌生人吠叫的内容，故本题应选B。

4．A。

主旨大意题。

本文主要话题是说如何驯狗，因此A项为正确答案。

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（辽宁卷）

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【重庆八中】

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。

对标有题号的每一行做出判断：

如有错误（每行只有

一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：

把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜

线划掉。

此行缺一个词：

在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：

在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：

每行都有一个错误。

Iwasahonestchildindeed．Ididn’tdaretotelllies76．

becauseofmyeyesoftenletthesecretout．Iremembered77．

tellingalietomyparents,andIcouldhardfixmyeyeson78．

myfather’sface,letalonemymothereyes．Iglanced79．

hereandthere,upordown,nervously．80．

However,afterIcametoBeijing,Inolongerhaveto81．

worrymyeyesbecauseeverythingIwantedtosay82．

wassentbyletter．Ifoundmyselfoftentellsmalllies．I83．

wrote,“I’mfineinBeijing．Ienjoythefoodsellingatthe84．

university．Andattheweekends,Ioftenbuyfriedchickens85．

orporktoeat．”

短文改错:

76．a改为an77．删去of78．hard改为hardly

79．mother改为mother’s80．or改为and

81．have改为had82．my前加about83．tell改为telling

84．selling改为sold85．chickens改为chi

cken

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（2012江苏卷）

Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsule,protectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger（引发）thisrelease,includingchangingtemperature,acidity,andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks—burns,forexample.Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:

shiningnear-infraredlight（NIR,近红外线）onthedruginthecapsule.

Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn'tnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers（聚合物）andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbcitherultraviolet（UV,紫外线）orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichmeansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds（化合物）absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.

ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi,achemistattheUniversityofC

alifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR-absorbinggroupcalledo-nitrobenzyl（ONB）.Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.

SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat'sevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinke

dinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive（易反应的）componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.Afterpolymerizingthecresols,theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.Whent

heB

hcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,po

tentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What'smore,Almutairisays,Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.

63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger?

A.Temperaturechange.B.NIRlight.

C.Aciditychange.D.UVlight.

64.WhyinONBunsatisfactory?

A.ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.

B.Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.

C.Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.

D.Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.

65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges?

A.Protected

B.formedC.exposedD.combined

【考点】科技问—说明文

【文章大意】。

本文是一篇科技文，围绕“怎样使用胶囊，让吃药更加安全、疗效好”这个主题展开研究。

63.【答案】B

【试题解析】细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句“Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:

shiningnear-infraredlightonthedruginthecapsule.”可知，应选B项。

【难度】一般

64.【答案】

D

【试题解析】推理判断题。

根据第三段最后两句中“…ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadi

ngtoitsb

reakdown”和“…anditcouldbepoisonoustocells…”可知，应选D项。

【难度】较难

65.【答案】C

【试题解析】细节理解题。

根据最后一段第五句中“WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposed…”可知此处用exposed，即C项正确。

【难度】一般

【长难句解析】

1.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers（聚合物）andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbcitherultraviolet（UV,紫外线）orvisiblelight.

本句是polymers（聚合物）andothermaterials的定语从句，when引导的时间状语从句。

2.Thisoneconsist

sofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive（易

反应的）componentsthatmakeithighlyunst

ableinitspolymericform,afeature

本句是called动词过去分词做后置定语，修饰alongchainofcompounds.后面是reactive（易反应的）components的定语从句

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******结束

阅读理解（共25小题，每题2分，满分50分）

A

Aftergivingatalkatahighschool,Iwasaskedtopayavisittoaspecialstudent.Anillnesshadkepttheboyhome,buthehadexpressedaninterestinmeetingme.Iwastolditwouldmeanagreatdealtohim,soIagreed.

Duringthenine-miledrivetohishome,IfoundoutsomethingaboutMatthew.Hehadmusculardystrophy（肌肉萎缩症）.Whenhewasborn,thedoctortoldhisparentsthathewouldnotlivetofive,andthentheyweretoldhewouldnotmakeittoten.Nowhewasthirteen.HewantedtomeetmebecauseIwasagold-medalpowerlifter,andIknewaboutovercomingobstaclesandgoingformydreams.

IspentoveranhourtalkingtoMatthew.Neveroncedidhecomplainorask,“Whyme?

”Hespokeaboutwinningandsucceedingandgoingforhisdreams.Obviously,heknewwhathewastalkingabout.Hedidn’tmentionthathisclassmateshadmadefunofhimbecausehewasdifferent.Hejusttalkedabouthishopesforthefuture,andhowonedayhewantedtoliftweightswithme.Whenwehadfinishedtalking,IwenttomybriefcaseandpulledoutthefirstgoldmedalIhadwonandputitaroundhisneck.ItoldhimhewasmoreofawinnerandknewmoreaboutsuccessandovercomingobstaclesthanIeverwould.Helookedatitforamoment,thentookitoffandhandeditbacktome.Hesaid,“Youareachampion.Youearnedthatmedal.SomedaywhenIgettotheOlympicsandwinmyownmedal,Iwillshowittoyou.”

LastsummerIreceivedaletterfromMatthew’sparentstellingmethatMatthewhadpassedaway.Theywantedmetohavealetterhehadwrittentomeafewdaysbefore:

DearDick,

MymumsaidIshouldsendyouathank-youletterforthepictureyousentme.IalsowanttoletyouknowthatthedoctorstellmethatIdon’thavelongtoliveanymore,butIstillsmileasm