天津大学考博英语真题.docx

天津大学考博英语真题.docx

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天津大学考博英语真题

2014年天津大学考博英语真题

PartI.ListeningComprehension（10%）

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

1.A）Hehasprovedtobeabetterreaderthanthewoman.

　　B）Hehasdifficultyunderstandingthebook.

　　C）Hecannotgetaccesstotheassignedbook.

　　D）Hecannotfinishhisassignmentbeforethedeadline.

　　2.A）Shewilldrivethemantothesupermarket.

　　B）Themanshouldbuyacarofhisown.

　　C）Themanneedn'tgoshoppingeveryweek.

　　D）Shecanpickthemanupatthegrocerystore.

PartIVBankedCloze（10%）

Directions:

FillintheblanksinthefollowingpassagebyselectingsuitablewordsfromtheWordBank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.

Youhaveseenafriendsucceed.Nodoubtyoufeeljoyatthis.Youloveyourfriend,andmaybeyouevenhelpedhimaccomplishhisgoal.____1____,thereisanotherfeeling,adarkfeeling,withinyou.Youbegintowishthatitwasyouwhowasenjoyingsuccess,andyoubegintoevendislikeyourfriend.Atfirstthisenviousfeelingstartsofflikeatinyseed.Butthen,likeaseed,itgrows.Itthreatensto____2____you.

Ofcourseyoufeelbadaboutyourfeelings,astheyhavebecomea（n）____3____toyourfriendship.Still,theredoesn'tseemtobeanythingthatyoucando.Facingyourfriendinvariablyleadstomore____4____betweenyou.Avoidinghimjustseemsto____5____thegulfbetweenyou.

Insteadoffeeling____6____aboutyourenvyorhatingyourfriend,youshouldtakeadifferent____7___.Useyourfriend'ssuccessasachallenge.Hehassucceeded.Thismeansthatyoucansucceedaswell.Bythingkingthisway,youare____8____yourfeelingsandredirectingthemintoacourseofactionthatwon'truinyourfriendship.

Rememberthatfriendshipscan____9_____friendlycompetitiion.Youcannot,however,maintainyourfriendshipifyou____10____envy.

A）approach

B）goal

C）tension

D）harbor

E）remain

F）survive

G）harnessing

H）widen

I）overwhelm

J）overtake

K）establish

L）still

M）guilty

N）responsible

O）handicap

PartIII.ReadingComprehension（40%）

PartA.

Directions:

Inthisparttherearethreepassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthecorrectanswer.

（1）

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

AreportconsistentlybroughtbackbyvisitorstotheUSishowfriendly,courteousandhelpfulmostAmericansweretothem.Tobefair,thisobservationisalsofrequentlymadeofCanadaandCanadians,andshouldbestbeconsideredNorthAmerican.Thereare,ofcourse,exceptions.Small-mindedofficials,rudewaiters,andill-manneredtaxidriversarehardlyunknownintheUS.Yetitisanobservationmadesofrequentlythatitdeservescomment.Foralongperiodoftimeandinmanypartsofthecountry,atravelerwasawelcomebreakinanotherwisedullexistence.

Dullnessandlonelinesswerecommonproblemsofthefamilieswhogenerallyliveddistantfromoneanother.Strangersandtravelerswerewelcomesourcesofdiversion,andbroughtnewsoftheoutsideworld.Theharshrealitiesofthefrontieralsoshapedthistraditionofhospitality.

Someonetravelingalone,ifhungry,injured,orill,oftenhadnowheretoturnexcepttothenearestcabinorsettlement.Itwasnotamatterofchoiceforthetravelerormerelyacharitableimpulseonthepartofthesettlers.Itreflectedtheharshnessofdailylife:

ifyoudidn’ttakeinthestrangerandtakecareofhim,therewasnooneelsewhowould.Andsomeday,remember,youmightbeinthesamesituation.Todaytherearemanycharitableorganizationswhichspecializeinhelpingthewearytraveler.Yet,theoldtraditionofhospitalitytostrangersisstillverystrongintheUS,especiallyinthesmallercitiesandtownsawayfromthebusytouristtrails."Iwasjusttravelingthrough,gottalkingwiththisAmerican,andprettysoonheinvitedmehomefordinner—amazing."SuchobservationsreportedbyvisitorstotheUSarenotuncommon,butarenotalwaysunderstoodproperly.

ThecasualfriendlinessofmanyAmericansshouldbeinterpretedneitherassuperficialnorasartificial,butastheresultofahistoricallydevelopedculturaltradition.Asistrueofanydevelopedsociety,inAmericaacomplexsetofculturalsignals,assumptions,andconventionsunderliesallsocialinterrelationships.And,ofcourse,speakingalanguagedoesnotnecessarilymeanthatsomeoneunderstandssocialandculturalpatterns.Visitorswhofailto"translate"culturalmeaningsproperlyoftendrawwrongconclusions.Forexample,whenanAmericanusestheword"friend",theculturalimplicationsofthewordmaybequitedifferentfromthoseithasinthevisitor’slanguageandculture.Ittakesmorethanabriefencounteronabustodistinguishbetweencourteousconventionandindividualinterest.Yet,beingfriendlyisavirtuethatmanyAmericansvaluehighlyandexpectfrombothneighborsandstrangers.

1、Intheeyesofvisitorsfromtheoutsideworld,___________.

　　A.rudetaxidriversarerarelyseenintheUS

　　B）small-mindedofficialsdeserveaseriouscomment

　　C）Canadiansarenotsofriendlyastheirneighbors

　　D.mostAmericansarereadytoofferhelp

2、Itcouldbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat___________.

　　A）cultureexercisesaninfluenceoversocialinterrelationship

　　B）courteousconventionandindividualinterestareinterrelated

　　C）variousvirtuesmanifestthemselvesexclusivelyamongfriends

　　D）socialinterrelationshipsequalthecomplexsetofculturalconventions

3、Familiesinfrontiersettlementsusedtoentertainstrangers___________.

　　A）toimprovetheirhardlife

　　B）inviewoftheirlong-distancetravel

　　C）toaddsomeflavortotheirowndailylife

　　D）outofacharitableimpulse

4、Thetraditionofhospitalitytostrangers___________.

　　A）tendstobesuperficialandartificial

　　B）isgenerallywellkeptupintheunitedStates

　　C）isalwaysunderstoodproperly

　　D）hassomethingtodowiththebusytouristtrails

5、What’stheauthor’sattitudestowardtheAmerican’sfriendliness?

　　A）Favorable.

　　B）Unfavorable.

　　C）Indifferent.

　　D）Neutral.

PartB

Directions:

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions1-5,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Htofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Therearethreeextrachoices,whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10%）

Fromhervantagepointshewatchedthemaindoorsswingopenandthefirstarrivalspourin.Thosewhohadbeenattheheadofthelinepausedmomentarilyonentry,lookedaroundcuriously,thenquicklymovedforwardasothersbehindpressedin.Withinmomentsthecentralpublicareaofthebigbranchbankwasfilledwithachattering,noisycrowd.Thebuilding,relativelyquietlessthanaminuteearlier,hadbecomeaBabel.Edwinasawatallheavysetblackmanwavesomedollarbillsanddeclareloudly,"Iwanttoputmymoneyinthebank".

1.

Itseemedasifthereportabouteveryonehavingcometoopenanaccounthadbeenaccurateafterall.

Edwinacouldseethebigmanleaningbackexpansively,stillholdinghisdollarbills.Hisvoicecutacrossthenoiseofotherconversationsandsheheardhimproclaim,"I'minnohurry.There'ssomethingI'dlikeyoutoexplain."

Twootherdeskswerequicklymannedbyotherclerks.Withequalspeed,longwidelinesofpeopleformedinfrontofthem.

Normally,threemembersofstaffwereampletohandlenewaccountbusiness,butobviouslywereinadequatenow.EdwinacouldseeTottenhoeonthefarsideofthebankandcalledhimontheintercom.Sheinstructed,"Usemoredesksfornewaccountandtakeallthestaffyoucansparetomanthem."

2.

Tottenhoegrumbledinreply,"Yourealizewecan'tpossiblyprocessallthesepeopletoday,andhowevermanywedowilltieusupcompletely."

"I'veanidea,"Edwinasaid,"that'swhatsomeonehasinmind.Justhurrytheprocessingallyoucan."

3.

First,anapplicationformcalledfordetailsofresidence,employment,socialsecurity,andfamilymatters.Aspecimensignaturewasobtained.Thenproofofidentitywasneeded.Afterthat,thenewaccountsclerkwouldtakealldocumentstoanofficerofthebankforapprovalandinitialing.Finally,asavingspassbookwasmadeoutoratemporarycheckbookissued.

Thereforethemostnewaccountsthatanybankemployeecouldopeninanhourwerefive,sothethreeclerkspresentlyworkingmighthandleatotalofninetyinonebusinessday,iftheykeptgoingattopspeed,whichwasunlikely.

4.

Stillthenoisewithinthebankincreased.Ithadbecomeanuproar.

Afurtherproblemwasthatthegrowingmassofarrivalsinthecentralpublicareaofthebankwaspreventingaccesstotellers'countersbyothercustomers.Edwinacouldseeafewofthemoutside,regardingthemillingscenewithconsternation.Whileshewatched,severalgaveupandwalkedaway.

Insidethebanksomeofthenewcomerswereengagingtellersinconversationandthetellers,havingnothingelsetodobecauseofthemelee,chattedback.Twoassistantmanagershadgonetothecentralfloorareaandweretryingtoregulatethefloodofpeoplesoastoclearsomespaceatcounters.Theywerehavingsmallsuccess.

5.

Shedecideditwastimeforherowninter