专升本辅导8 分词.docx

专升本辅导8 分词.docx

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专升本辅导8分词

辅导8分词---现在分词，过去分词

分词作定语

1.现在分词的意义

1）表主动、一般的动作

a）apromisingyoungmanb）anunderstandinggirlc）apuzzlingproblem

2）表主动、正在进行

a）fallingleavesb）thebarkingdog

c）ThemanstandingatthegateismyEnglishteacher.

2.过去分词的意义

1）表被动、一般的意义

a）arespectedwriterb）trainedemployeesc）boiledwater

2）表被动、完成

a）fallenleavesb）adevelopedcountry

3．三种表示被动的结构**

Tobedone,beingdone,done

a）Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

b）Areyougoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldnextmonth?

c）DidyouattendthemeetingheldlastmonthinShanghai?

分词作状语

1.主语一致

a）Lookingoutofthewindow,therearelotsofpeopleinthestreet.*

b）Afterdoingmyhomework,thedogwasfed.*

2.独立主格结构

a）Itbeingsonice,wegooutforawalk.

b）Weatherpermitting,we’llbegoingfishingtomorrow.

c）Nobodyhavinganymoretosay,themeetingwasclosed.

3.固定表达方式

1）.adv.+speaking:

generally/strictly/broadlyspeaking

2）.分词+介词：

judgingfrom,talkingof,

a）Allowingforherinexperience,shehasdoneagoodjob.

b）Takingeverythingintoconsideration,theyoughttowinthisgame.

3）.分词+that-clause

a）.seeingthat,consideringthat,allowingthat

4.分词短语作状语在句中的不同意义

1）表时间，一般置于句首

a）Havingwateredthegarden,hebegantomowthelawn.

b）Readingtheletter,sheburstoutcrying.

2）表原因，位置自由

a）Notknowingwhattodonext,Iwanttoaskforyouradvice.

b）Clint,horrifiedatwhathehaddone,couldatfirstsaynothing.

3）表条件，置于句首

a）Givenmoretime,Iwouldbeabletocompleteit.

4）表让步，通常放在句首

a）HavinglivedinCanadaforthreeyears,hestillcan’tspeakEnglishwell.

b）ThoughunderstandingnoJapanese,Charleswasabletocommunicatewiththem.

5）表结果，置于句末。

否则意义不同

a）Findingthedoorlocked,Iwenthome.

b）Iwenthome,findingthedoorlocked.

6）表伴随状况、补充说明或方式，位置自由

a）Smiling,heanswered.

b）Hecamerunningbreathlessandtoldmetheresults.

c）Theoldmanenjoyedsittinginthesunlisteningtoradio.

分词的完成式

构成：

havingdone,havingbeendone

意义与用法：

主要是为了强调分词动作与谓语动作之间有很长的时间间隔，或是因为分词动作本身经历了很长时间的延续。

1.分词动作与谓语动作之间有一段间隔，

a）Havingfailedtwice,hedidn’twanttotryagain.

b）Havingbeentheremanytimes,heofferedtobeourguide.

c）Lockingthedoor,hewenthome.

2.分词动作本身要持续一段时间

a）Havingbeenhisownbossforsuchalongtime,hefoundithardtoacceptordersfromanother.

3.使用分词的完成式可以避免造成句子意思混淆不清。

a）Havingsungasong,hesatdown.---Singingasong,hesatdown.

b）Puttingdownmynewspaper,Iwalkedovertothewindowsandsawit’srainingoutside.

练习

I.用括号中动词的适当形式填空

1.Mytwo_grown___（grow）childrenhavebothfinishedcollege.

2.____（grow）childrenneedgoodnourishment.

3.The____（fall）snowwasfrozenhard.

4.The____（fall）snowflakesintheskyarebeautiful.

5.Ilovethenoiseof______（fall）rain.

6.Moretrafficwillbeabletopassonthe_____（widen）road.

7.Clintcan’tbearthesmellof_____（burn）bread.

8.Stayawayfromthe_______（burn）coal.

9.Afterjumpingintothewater,thelifeguardrescuedthe______（drown）child.

10.Themotherofthe_____（drown）childwasgrievedtodeath.

11.Dickjumpedoutofthewayofthe_______（approach）train.

12.Themanagerneedsanothercopyofthe______（sign）contract.

13.The_____（return）letterhadnostampsonit.

14.I’veheardhim____（criticize）manytimes.

15.Oneshouldalwaysbecarefulwith____（load）guns.

16.Thecomposerwasveryhappytohearhisworks____（play）bythefamousorchestra.

17.Doyouknowthegirl____（play）theviolin?

18.Today’sfarmershaveincreasedmilkproductiongreatlythrough____（improve）methodsofbreeding,feedingandmanagingdairycattle.

2.MultipleChoice（分词的逻辑主语）

19.Beforesingingtheschoolsong,____.

A.apoemwasrecitedB.recitedapoem

C.theyrecitedapoemD.theyhaverecitedapoem

20.Workinglikeatelescope,____thesizeofobjectsatgreatdistances.

A.whichmagnifiesatelephotolensB.atelephotolensmagnifies

C.atelephotolenswhichmagnifiesD.andmagnifyingatelephotolens

21.Jumpingintothewater,_____.

A.thedrowningchildwasrescuedB.thedrownedchildwasrescued

C.thelifeguardrescuedthedrowningchild

D.thelifeguardrescuedthedrownedchild

22.Afterjumpingoutofaboat,____.

A.thesharkbitesthemanB.thesharkbittheman

C.themanwasbittenbyasharkD.themanisbittenbyashark

23.______,thedogwasfed.

A.AfterdoingmyhomeworkB.Tohavedonemyhomework

C.AfterIdidmyhomeworkD.Myhomeworkwasdone

24.____,wewentswimming.

A.BeingahotdayB.Duetoahotday

C.ItwasahotdayD.Thedaybeinghot

25._____,allthequarrelscametoanend.

A.ThelostmoneywasfoundB.Findingthelostmoney

C.BecausethelostmoneyfoundD.Withthelostmoneyfound

26._____JamesBland,“CarryMeBacktoOldVirgininy”wasadoptedasthestatesongofVirginiain1940.

A.WaswrittenbyB.WritingbyC.HewrotetheD.Writtenby

27.Playingthetrumpetwithdazzlingoriginality,_____dominatedjazzfor20years.

A.LouisArmstrongB.theinfluenceofLouisArmstrong

C.themusicofLouisArmstrongD.LouisArmstrong’stalent

28.____inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshipstotaling$21,000.

A.TobejudgedthebestB.Havingjudgedthebest

C.JudgedthebestD.Judgingthebest

29._____tosteel,chromiumincreasesthemetal’shardness.

A.AddedB.InadditionC.AddingD.Adds

30.Bobwaslyingonthebeach,hishands_____underhishead.

A.werecrossingB.werecrossedC.crossingD.crossed

31.Manystrangenewmeansoftransporthavebeendevelopedinourcentury,thestrangestofthem____perhapsthehovercraft.

A.isB.beingC.willD.hasbeen

32.Nooneelse____willingtogo,heofferedtotakethemessage.

A.wasB.hadbeenC.wereD.being

33._____,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanamanwhosecommandoflanguageispoor.

A.OtherthingsbeingequalB.Wereotherthingsequal

C.TobeequaltootherthingsD.Otherthingstobeequal

34.Maggieranbacktothekitchen,eggs_____carefullyinherhands.

A.tobeheldB.heldC.wereheldD.holding

35.Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth,wheat____byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.

A.isB.beingC.hasbeenD.tobe

36.Allthings____,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.

A.consideredB.beconsideredC.consideredD.havingconsidered

III.分词的完成式）

37.Anewtechnique____,theyieldsaswholeincreasedby20percent.

A.workingoutB.havingbeenworkedout

C.havingworkedoutD.tohavebeenworkedout

38._____thateverythingwasinplace,helockeduptheshopandwenthome.

A.CheckingB.HavingcheckedC.BeingcheckedD.Havingbeenchecked

39.Thedyingsoldierhadthemessage____straighttothecommander.

A.sentB.tobesentC.besentD.beingsent

40.____theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedgeoftheearth.

A.HavingbelievedB.BelievingC.BelievedD.Beingbelieved

41.____manytimesinarow,theopponentdecidedtogiveupfighting.

A.HavingdefeatedB.Havingbeendefeated

C.ForhavingbeendefeatedD.Ashavingbeendefeated

42.Withproduction____upsteadily,thefactoryneedsanever-increasingsupplyofrawmaterials.

A.havinggoneB.goingC.togoD.havingbeengoing

43.ThesupermarketisverycrowdedonSundays,withpeople______.

A.goinginandoutB.togoinandout

C.goneinandoutD.havinggoneinandout

44.Thefog_____dense,alltheplanesweresuspended.

A.isB.wasC.beingD.havingbeen

45.Thedecision_____,whatistobedonenowishowtocarryitout.

A.beenmadeB.beingmadeC.havingbeenmadeD.beingmaking

46.Thereseemedlittlehopethattheexplorer,____inthetropicalforest,wouldfindhiswaythroughit.

A.tobedesertedB.havingdesertedC.tohavebeendeserted

D.havingbeendeserted

47.Thedestructivefire_____,thefirefightersrecommendedtheoccupants’gettinganalarmdevice.

A.havingbeenputoutB.beingputout

C.hadbeenputoutD.wasputout

IV.分词作补语

48.Youwillseethisproduct____whereveryougo.

A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising

49.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.

A.tobeinformedB.oninforming

C.informedD.informing

50.CornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfoundit____inCuba.

A.beingcultivatedB.havingcultivatedC.beencultivatedD.cultivating

51.WhenIcaughthim____meIstoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.

A.cheatB.cheatingC.tocheatD.tobecheating

52.Hewascaught____hisclassmate’smoneytheotherday.

A.tostealB.stealingC.tohavestolenD.havingstolen

53.Mrs.Douglasunknowinglyleftapackage____ontheshopcounter.

A.layingB.tolieC.laidD.lying

54.Hisremarksleftme____abouthisrealpurpose.

A.wonderedB.wonderC.towonderD.wondering

55.NexttimeIcatchyou_____,I’llturnyouintothepolice.

A.stealingfromothers’pocketsB.stealfromother’spockets

C.stealingother’spocketsD.tostealfromother’spockets

56.They’llhaveyou____ifyoudon’tpayyourtaxes.

A.tobearrestedB.arrestedC.arrestD.beingarrested

57.“Thereissomethingwrongwiththetable.”“Yes,Ican_____.”

A.feelitthatit’smovingB.feelitmoves

C.feelitmovingD.feelittomove

58.Thehallwastoonoisyforthespeakertomakehimself____.

A.hearB.hearingC.beingheardD.heard

VIII.综合练习

82.Youwouldbe_____ifyouthoughtthattheproblemwassocutanddried;inreality,itismuchmorecomplicated.

A.narrow-m