概要写作集锦.docx
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概要写作集锦
概要写作集锦
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概要写作1Envy
It’safamiliarbutuncomfortablefeeling.Yourbestfriendwillmarryahandsomedoctor,andthecongratulatoryhugyouofferlacksgenuinewarmth.YourfriendismadetheteamforSaturday’sbiggame,andyoutakeacertainpleasureintellinghimyoucan’tbetheretowatchhimplay.Yousmilebutavoiceinyourheadasks,whythemandnotyou?
Envyisashortcomingofcharacterweliketokeepinourheartsecretly.Howshamefulisitnottobelookingforwardwithdelighttoyourdayasyourbestfriend'sbridesmaid!
Whowouldhopeyourfriendmightsuffersomeinjury,soyoucantakehisplaceontheteam?
Envyiseverywhere.Itseemstobeinournaturetohateothers'giftsandgoodfortune,especiallyifweseethemasadvantagestheyshouldn'thave.
Envyraisesitsuglyheadwhenwefocusonwhatwewantbutwedon’tpossessnow.Worsestill,wemayevenwishforandtakepleasureinsomeone'slosingwhatwehavealwaysdesired.Whenyoucompareyourselfandyourlifeunfavorablywithyourfriendoryourcolleague,youcanonlykeepyourdarkeremotions.
Soisthereasolution?
Isthereanythingyoucandotogetridofthismostungenerousemotion?
Well,whynotmakeenvythemotivationyouneedforself-improvement?
Thebestweaponagainstenvyisnottocompetewhereyoucan’tshine,buttodoyourabsolutebestwhereyoucan.
Startbymakingpeacewithyourself,andacceptthegiftswhichmakeyouunique.Makeanagreementwithyourselftobethebestyoucanbe.Thenfindthequalitiesinothersthatcauseyourenvy.Isitsomeone’ssingingvoice,theirworkpromotion,theirnewcar?
Envyshowsusthethingswe’dliketohave.So,makeaplantoearnwhat'simportanttoyou.
Andaimforgenuinepleasureintheachievementsandgoodfortuneofothers.Cheeronyourfriendwhenhescoresthatgoal.Enjoyyourbestfriend’sweddingday.Thengooutanddosomethingspecial,andmakeyourselfwonderfullyproudofyou.
参考答案
Envyisacommonbutunpleasantfeeling,whichisasecrethiddeninourheart.Thisnatureusuallyariseswhenwecan'tgetwhatwewantandeventakedelightinothers'losingit.Toavoidthisnegativefeeling,firstlytrytotransformenvyintothemotivationtoimproveourselves.Besides,acceptyouruniquetalentsgladly.Finally,appreciateothers'achievementssincerely.
概要写作2Watershortage
Usingtoomuchwaterorthrowingrubbishintoourriversareclearwaysthathumanscanputourwatersupplyindanger,butwealsoaffectourwatersupplyinlessobviousways.Youmaywonderhowpavingaroadcanleadtolessuseablefreshwater.Amajorpartofthewaterweuseeverydayisgroundwater.Groundwaterdoesnotcomefromlakesorrivers.Itcomesfromunderground.Themoreroadsandparkinglotswepave,thelesswatercanflowintothegroundtobecomegroundwater.
Humanactivityisnotresponsibleforallwatershortages.Drierclimatesareofcoursemorelikelytohavedroughtsthanareaswithmorerainfall,butinanycase,goodmanagementcanhelptomakesurethereisenoughwatertomeetourbasicneeds.
Thinkingaboutthewayweusewatereverydaycanmakeabigdifference,too.IntheUnitedStates,afamilyoffourcanuse1.5tonsofwateraday!
Thisshowshowmuchwedependonwatertolive,butthere’salotwecandotolowerthenumber.
Youcantakestepstosavewaterinyourhome.Tostartwith,usethesameglassforyourdrinkingwaterallday.Washitonlyonceaday.Runyourdishwasheronlywhenitisfull.Helpyourparentsfixanyleaksinyourhome.Youcanevenhelptokeepourwatersupplycleanbyrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.
参考答案
Humanactivities,suchaswastingwater,pollutingriversandconstructingroads,canpartlyleadtowatershortage.Meanwhile,drierclimatesareanothercauseofinsufficientwatersupply.Hopefully,ifyoutakeactiontousewatersmartly/wiselyinyourdailylife,say,usingthesameglassofwater,maximizingtheefficiencyofdishwashers,helpingrepairleaksandrecyclingbatteries,youcanstillmakeasignificantdifference.
概要写作3Sneeze
Manypeopleareusedtosaying“blessyou”or“gesundheit”whensomeonesneezes.Noonesaysanythingwhensomeonecoughsorblowstheirnose,sowhydosneezesgetspecialtreatment?
Thephrase“Godblessyou”belongstoPopeGregorytheGreat,whovoiceditinthesixthcenturyduringabubonicplagueepidemic(黑死病泛滥时期)(sneezingisanobvioussymptomofoneformoftheplague).Theterm“gesundheit”comesfromGermany,anditliterallymeans“health”.Theideaisthatasneezetypicallyoccursbeforeillness.
Actuallyeverycountryaroundtheglobehasitsownwayofwishingsneezerswell.PeopleinArabiccountriessay“alhamdulillah”whichmeans“praisetobeGod”.Hindussay“Live!
”or“Livewell!
”Somecountrieshavespecialsneezingresponsestochildren.InRussia,theyarealsotold“rostibolshoi”(“growbig”)afterchildrenaregiventhetraditionalresponse“budzdorov”(“behealthy”).
Forthemostpart,thevarioussneezeresponsesoriginatedfromancientsuperstitions(迷信).Somepeoplebelievedthatasneezecausesthesoultoescapethebodythroughthenose.Saying“blessyou”wouldstopthedevilfromtakingtheperson’ssoul.Othersbelievedtheopposite:
evilspiritsusethesneezeasanopportunitytoenteraperson’sbody.Therewasalsothemisunderstandingthatthehearttemporarilystopsduringasneeze(itdoesn’t),andsaying“blessyou”isawayofwelcomingthepersonbacktolife.
Wenowknowthatsneezingisareflexactionandismostoftenthesignofsomethingrelativelybenign(良性的),suchasacoldorallergy(过敏).Asneezealsocanbecausedbybeingoutsideinthesunlightorfromsmellingastrongsmell.Still,wekeepthecustomofsaying“blessyou”or“gesundheit”,mainlyoutofhabitandcommonkindness.
参考答案
Peopleusuallysay“blessyou”aftertheysneeze,assneezingwasconsideredoneofthetypicalfeaturesoftheplague.Manycountrieshavetheiruniquecustomofwishinggoodhealthinresponsetosneezing.Mostpracticeshavetheiroriginfromancientsuperstitions.Nowsneezingisknownasmerelyanindicationofaminorsicknessandaresponsetooutsidestimulations,yetwekeepthecustom,mainlyoutofhabitandpoliteness.
概要写作4Takingashower
TAKINGashowerisrelaxing.Youcanhumasong,daydreamorthinkaboutnothing,leavingtherealworldbehindyou.Butdidyouknowthatshoweringcanalsobenefityourmind?
ApieceofresearchbyScottBarryKaufman,apsychologistfromYaleUniversityintheUSinterviewedover3,000peoplearoundtheworld.Itturnedoutthatnearlytwo-thirdsoftheintervieweessaidtheyhadexperiencednewideasintheshowerandweremorelikelytohavethemintheshowerthanatwork.
Sowhydoesasimpleshowerhavesuchmagicpower?
Sciencecanexplainit.
Showeringcanhelptoraiseourlevelofdopamine,ahormonecloselyrelatedtoourcreativity.“Peoplevaryintermsoftheirlevelofcreativityaccordingtotheactivityofdopamine”,explainedAliceFlaherty,arenownedAmericanneuroscientist.“Takingawarmshowercanmakeusfeelrelaxedandthereforemakethedopaminelevelriseandbringthe“Aha!
”momenttous.”
Besidesthechemicalchanges,showeringmaygiveyouabreakfromwhatyoufeelyouhavebeenstuckwith.Especiallywhenyouhavethoughthardalldayaboutaproblem,jumpingintotheshowercankeepyoufromtheoutsideworldsothatyoucanfocusonyourinnerfeelingsandmemories.Inthisway,accordingtoAmericanpsychologistShelleyH.Carson,authorofYourCreativeBrain,“ashoweringhourmayturnintoan‘incubation(孵化)period’foryourideas”.
Comparedwithsittinginfrontofacomputer,takingashowerissomethingwedolessfrequentlyinourdailylives.Whenshowering,wegetafreshexperiencewiththechangeoflocation,temperatureandhumidity.“Newandunexpectedexperiencescanleadtopositivechangesinthinking,“explainedKaufman.“Gettingoffthecouchandjumpingintheshowermaycreateadistanceandforceyoutothinkfromanewpointofview”.
Showeringallowsustoenjoythecreativejuicesofourminds,whichmakesthebathroomanalternativewhereyougetyourinspiration.Sonexttimeyouconsiderwaystofreeyourmind,countitin.
参考答案
Showeringcanrelaxyourbodyandfreeyourmindaswell.First,relaxationintheshowerhelpsraisethelevelofdopamineandbringnewideas.Second,showeringprovidesanew,unexpectedandfreshexperiencethatcanresultinpositivechanges,makingitpossibletostopthinkingaboutwhatyouarestuckwith.Besides,showeringcanmakeusthinkfromanewpointofviewwiththechangeoflocation,temperatureandhumidity.
概要写作5Shopaholics
TV.TheInternet.Themall.Everywherewelook,weseeadvertisementsthaturgeustobuy.Intoday’sconsumersociety,weareunderconstantpressuretoshop.Ofcourse,mostpeopleonlybuywhattheyneedandwhattheycanafford.However,therearesomepeople,calledshopaholics,whocan’tcontroltheirdesiretospendmoneyandbuythings.Thiskindofaddictivebehaviorcanleadlargefinancialproblems,familyconflict,anddeepunhappiness.
Whatarethesymptomsofashopaholic?
PeoplewiththisproblemoftenspendhoursandhoursshoppingontheInternetoratthemall.Theirclosetsarefullofclothingandjewelrythattheyhaveneverworn,withthepricetagsstillonthem.Theirhomesmaybepackedwithshoppingbagsandboxesthattheyboughtbutneverused.Manyshopaholicsareawareoftheirownproblems,butwhentheygotoastore,theysimplycan’tresisttheurgetobuy.Someofthemareashamedoftheirweaknessandtrytohide