ASLA景观专业奖29规划与分析荣誉奖交通振兴投资区TRID总体规划.docx
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ASLA景观专业奖29规划与分析荣誉奖交通振兴投资区TRID总体规划
2010ASLA景观专业奖{29}规划与分析荣誉奖:
交通振兴投资区(TRID)总体规划
发布时间:
2011-2-28
键词KeyWords:
景观2010ASLA低碳可持续绿色美国费城交通规划InterfaceStudio
这期姗姗来迟。
景观奖规划类的项目大多未建成,许多公司表示希望等建成后在进行发布。
我们期待更为精彩的展现吧。
景观设计的微观到宏观的尺度跨越很剧烈,涵盖相当博大的范畴,
这种思维方式,或许应该转换成一种洞见和素养,渗透到生活中。
非常感谢设计方InterfaceStudio将英文介绍和项目图片(同美国景观协会奖项说明)授权gooood发行。
AppreciationtowardsInterfaceStudioforprovidingthefollowingdescription:
“Thisisavaluable"teaching"project.Resourceful,innovative,andrealistic.Arigorousanalysistoreachcomplex
solutions.Therewaslotofinformationanditwasfilteredtomakeitcomprehensible.Resourceful,creative,and
implementable.Veryintelligent.Itcanbecomparedtosomanyterribletransitstudiestoraisethebar.Thedesign
investigationsareresourceeffectiveandinventive.Thedrawingslooksimple,yetareveryhardtoderive.Wehope
thisdoesgetimplemented.Thisisveryrelevanttourbanaspectsforcitiesthathavelostpopulations.Thiscapitalizes
ontheinfrastructurethatcitiesoffer.ToincreasethedensityofPhiladelphiaisimportant.Youhavetodream.”
—2010ProfessionalAwardsJury
AlthoughPhiladelphia'stransitsystemisthenation'sfifthlargest,manystationsareunderutilizedandphysically
disconnectedfromnearbyneighborhoods.TheTRIDMasterPlanwasapioneeringeffortcombiningextensive
research,publicinvolvementanddesigntoaddressthebarrierstotransit-orienteddevelopmentandcreateamore
sustainablecity.Proposedurbanlandscapeimprovementsserveastheessentialvehicleforestablishingarenewed
communityinterfacewithtworailstations,aswellasprovidingnewopportunitiesforcommunitygreeninginitiatives.
Introduction
Sincetheexpansionofthenation'shighwaysystem,publictransithasoftenbeenrelegatedtothemarginsofpolicy,
fundinganddesign.TransitOrientedDevelopment(TOD)isanationalmovementfocusedonencouraginggrowth
anddevelopmentinawaythatleveragesthevalueoflocaltransit.Itbuildsonthefactthatthoselivingaroundtransit
stationsarefivetimesmorelikelytousetransit.Themanybenefits,includingfewercarsontheroad,agreateruse
oftransit,andanimprovedenvironment,areintegraltotheprocessofadaptingcitiestosustainablesystems.
Despiteanimpressiveleveloftransitservice,Philadelphia'srealestatemarkethasfailedtocapitalizeuponthebenefits
ofpublictransitinfrastructureandproximity.Manystationsaresurroundedbyvacancy,parkinglotsorformerindustrial
useswhichcreatephysicaldiscontinuitiesbetweenthetransitstopandthenearbyneighborhoodfabric.TheTRID
MasterPlanreimaginestheunderutilizedpocketsoflandasmajoropportunitysitesfordenserdevelopmentwitha
highleveloftransitaccess.
TheTRIDMasterPlanexaminedtwoexistingtransitstationsthatsitatthenexusbetweendeteriorated,
poverty-strickencommunitiesandcommunitiesexperiencinggrowthandinvestment.Theplan'sobjectivesinclude:
ElevatingtheroleoftransportationinachievingPhiladelphia'ssustainabilitygoals;
Discouragingdrivingbypromotingtransituseandenhancingpedestrianandbicycle-orientedinfrastructure
Re-purposingoutdatedinfrastructurefornewuses;
Creatingnewandenhancedconnectionsbetweenthestationsandlocaldestinations;
Developingaphasedapproachtophysicallyrebuildingthefabricaroundeachstation,incorporatinghigherdensities
andnewparkspace.
ResearchandAnalysis
TheTRIDMasterPlanexaminedtwodistinctneighborhoods,eachservedbyaprominenttransitnodeinSEPTA's
Philadelphia-basedtransitsystem:
the46thStreetStationonMarketStreetinWestPhiladelphiaandtheTemple
RegionalRailStationlocatedat9thandBerksstreetsinNorthPhiladelphia.
Theplanningprocesswasdesignedtodevelopacollectivevisionforthefutureofbothstationareas—avisiongrounded
intheintimateknowledgeofplacesharedbythosewhocontributetoitspublicrealm.Theresearchstrategystrucka
carefulbalancebetweenquantitativeandqualitative,withanemphasisonprimarydatasourcessoastoaccurately
readthepulseofeachcommunity,itspersonalityandflow.TheteamdevelopedacomprehensiveGISdatabasefor
a1/2-mileareaaroundeachstationincludingdemographicindicatorsandassessedvaluestodeterminethepotential
economicimpactoflocalinvestment.Thisdatabasewasexpandedbyanalyzinginformationcollectedthroughdirect
observationincludingapropertyandbusinesssurvey,treesurvey,adetailedinventoryofsidewalkconditions,car
counts,andtrafficandpedestrianmovementpatternanalyses.
Qualitatively,theteamdocumentedinvaluablepersonalnarrativesbyutilizingvariousforumsfordirectinteractionwith
communitymembers,collectinganecdotes,memories,andinterviews.Publicmeetings,interviews,focusgroup
discussionsallowedthepeopleandplacetocraftthestoryofeachstation,acollectiveeffortyieldingplace-specific
responses.
DesignStrategies
Ineachneighborhood,thefabricaroundthestationhasdeterioratedtosuchadegreethatthepublicperceptionofeach
placeplaysasignificantroleinlimitingthemarketabilityandpotentialoftransitorienteddevelopmentnearby.Giventhis
context,adesignapproachrequiresareassertionofthestation'scentralroleineachcommunityanditspotentialto
contributetothepublicrealmratherthanimposeuponit.Proposedopenspaces,enhancedstreetdesignandnew
programmingaretheessentialelementsinfosteringanincrementalretrofitthatbuildsontheuniquecharacteristics
oftheplace.Thatretrofitseekstoestablishanewinterfacebetweenthestationandthecontext,providingaconduitand
focusforcommunitygreeninginitiatives,and,ultimately,leveragingprivateinvestmentintransit-orienteddevelopment.
Primaryplanelementsinclude:
Managingstormwaterrunoff—At46thStreet,thedesigndrewinspirationfromthearea'shistoricwaterflows.Overlayinga
mapoftheformerMillCreekontoamapofcurrentsewerlinesrevealedanumberoflocationswherethesetwosystems
overlap.Smallraingardensweredesignedtomarkthesemomentsandcreatenewpassiveopenspaceswithinthe
community.Former"slack"spaceadjacenttotheTempleStationwassimilarlyreusedtocapturerainwaterdischarge
thatemanatesfromnearbyparkinglots.
Integratingrecreationspace—The"superblock"northofthe46thStreetStationdeprivestheareaofanyrealconnection
withthecommunity.Theplanproposesanewrunningtrackaroundtheblock,transformingunusedandovergrownspace
nexttothesidewalkintoanactiverecreationamenity.The1-mileloopwillservetwolocalschools,arecreationcenter
andprovideahomeforananti-obesityprogram—StudentsRunPhillyStyle—whichtrainsyouthfromlow-incomefamilies
formarathons.
Reimagininginfrastructuralelements—AdjacenttotheTempleStation,thevacantandelevatedrailviaductwasredesigned
toaccommodateatreenurserythatwillserveasaproductivelandscaperesourceforfuturegreeningimprovementsin
thecommunity.Arun-downconcretestairwellprovidestheonlymeansofaccessto46thStreetStationforaneighboring
low-incomepopulation.Theplanproposesremovingthisstairwellandreimaginesastronger,saferandmoreattractive
connection.
Enhancingconnectorstreets—NewtreeplantingwillfillthevoidsalongthebarrenblocksleadingtotheTempleStation.
Stripingbrightlycoloredbicyclelanestophysicallymarkthepassagetothestationreinforcesthisintervention.
Creatingcivicspaceatthedoorstepofeachstation—AnextensionoftheplazaundertheTempleStationisproposedto
accommodatenewbicycleparkingandasmallcafé.Atthe46thStreetStation,asmalllinearparkisproposedtoestablish
adiagonalconnectiontoanadjacentmajorstreetwhileprovidingenhancedviewsandmoredirectpathways.
Implementation
ThepassageoftheTransitRevitalizationInvestmentDistrict(TRID)Actin2004bytheCommonwealthofPennsylvania
enablescitiesto"capturethevalue"ofincreasedtaxrevenuesgeneratedbytheincreaseinprivatelandvaluesresulting
fromnewpublicinvestmentsaroundeachstation.Unlikemanyplanningexercisesthatproviderecommendations
withoutofferingnewfinancingstrategies,theTRIDplanningstudyexaminedthepotentialfinancialimpactandopportunity
ofcapturingtaxrevenuegeneratedbyincrementalnewdevelopmentasidentifiedintheplanningprocess.
Completedinsummer2008,manyoftheTRIDMasterPlan'srecommendationshavealreadyhadasignificantimpact,
thanksinparttoaninclusiveplanningprocesswhichbroughttheCity,SEPTAandneighborhoodgroupstothetableto
collectivelycrafttherecommendations.Significantimplementationactivitiesincludetherecentawardofa$1,000,000
HomeDepotFoundationgrantforcommunitygreeningattheTempleStation;theawardof$2,400,000Stateof
Pennsylvaniagranttoimprovesidewalkandbicycleinfrastructure;theintroductiontoCityCouncilofanewzoningoverlay
districtthatwillremoveoneofthebarrierstodevelopingaroundthestations;therecentagreementtoredevelopaparking
lotnexttotheTempleStationfornewretail,studenthousingandopenspace;theagreementbySEPTAtoreusethevacant
railviaductforatreenursery,andtheformationofan"implementationcommittee"comprisedofcommunityorganizations,
LISC,CityCouncilrepresentatives,TempleUniversity,privatedevelopers,thePhiladelphiaGreenProgram,SEPTAand
cityagenciesthatmeetmonthlytocoordinateandmoveplannedimprovementsforward.
“这是一个宝贵的”教学“项目。
足智多谋,创