四级真题讲解.docx

四级真题讲解.docx

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四级真题讲解

2009年6月全国大学英语四级考试——试卷

PartIWriting（30minutes）

1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？

2.也会带来一些问题

3.你的看法？

Freeadmissiontomuseums

PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

HowDoYouSeeDiversity?

Asamanager,Tiffanyisresponsibleforinterviewingapplicantsforsomeofthepositionswithhercompany.Duringoneinterview,shenoticedthatthecandidatenevermadedirecteyecontact.Shewaspuzzledandsomewhatdisappointedbecauseshelikedtheindividualotherwise.

Hehadaperfectresumeandgavegoodresponsestoherquestions,butthefactthatheneverlookedherintheeyesaid“untrustworthy,”soshedecidedtoofferthejobtohersecondchoice.

“Itwasn’tuntilIattendedadiversityworkshopthatIrealizedthepersonwepassedoverwastheperfectperson,”Tiffanyconfesses.Whatshehadn’tknownatthetimeoftheinterviewwasthatthecandidate’s“different”behaviorwassimplyaculturalmisunderstanding.HewasanAsian-Americanraisedinahouseholdwhererespectforthoseinauthoritywasshownbyaverting（避开）youreyes.

“Iwasjustthrownoffbythelackofyecontact;notrealizingitwascultural,”Tiffanysays.“Imissedout,butwillnotmissthatopportunityagain.”

Manyofushavehadsimilarencounterswithbehaviorsweperceiveasdifferent.Astheworldbecomessmallerandourworkplacesmorediverse,itisbecomingessentialtoexpandourunder-standingofothersandtoreexaminesomeofourfalseassumptions.

HireAdvantage

Atatimewhenhiringqualifiedpeopleisbecomingmoredifficult,employerswhocaneliminateinvalidbiases（偏爱）fromtheprocesshaveadistinctadvantage.Mycompany,MindsetsLLC,helpsorganizationsandindividualsseetheirownblindspots.Arealestaterecruiterweworkedwithillustratesthepositivedifferencesuchtrainingcanmake.

“DuringmyMindsetscoachingsession,Iwastaughthowtorecruitadiversifiedworkforce.Irecruitedpeoplefromdifferentculturesandskillsets.Theagentswereabletoutilizetheirfullpotentialandexperiencestobuildupthecompany.Whentherealestatemarketbegantochange,itwasbecausewehadadiverseagentpoolthatwewereabletostayintherealestatemarketmuchlongerthanothersinthesameprofession.”

BlindedbyGender

Daleisanaccountexecutivewhoattendedoneofmyworkshopsonsupervisingadiverseworkforce.“Throughoneofthesessions,Idiscoveredmypersonalbias,”herecalls.“IlearnedIhadnotbeenlookingatapersonasawholeperson,andbeingopentodifferences.”Inhiscase,theblindnesswasnotaboutculturebutrathergender.

“Ihadamanagementpositionopeninmydepartment;andthetwofinalistswereamanandawoman.HadInotattendedthisworkshop,Iwouldhaveautomaticallyassumedthemanwasthebestcandidatebecausethepositionrequiredquiteabitofextensivetravel.Myreasoningwouldhavebeenthateventhoughbothcandidatesweregreatandcouldhavebeensuccessfulintheposition,Iassumedthewomanwouldhavewantedtobehomewithherchildrenandnottravel.”Dale’sassumptionsareanotherexampleofthewell-intentionedbutincorrectthinkingthatlimitsanorganization’sabilitytotapintothefullpotentialofadiverseworkforce.

“Ilearnedfromtheclassthatinsteadofimposingmygenderbiasesintothesituation,Ineededtopresentthefullrangeofduties,responsibilitiesandexpectationstoallcandidatesandallowthemtomakeaninformeddecision.”Dalecreditstheworkshop,“becauseithelpedmemakedecisionsbasedonfairness.”

YearoftheKnow-It-All

Dougisanothersupervisorwhoattendedoneofmyworkshops.Herecallsamajorlessonlearnedfromhisownemployee.

“OneofmymostembarrassingmomentswaswhenIhadaChinese-AmericanemployeeputinarequesttotaketimeofftocelebrateChineseNewYear.Inmyignorance,Iassumedhehadhisdateswrong,asthefirstofJanuaryhadjustpassed.WhenIadvisedhimofthis,Igavehimalongtalking-toaboutturninginrequestsearlywiththeproperdates.

“Hepatientlywaited,thenwhenIwasdone,hesaidhewouldlikeChineseNewYeardidnotbeginJanuaryfirst,andthatChineseNewYear,whichistiedtothelunarcycle,isoneofthemostcelebratedholidaysontheChinesecalendar.Needlesstosay,Ifeltveryembarrassedinassuminghehadhisdatesmixedup.ButIlearnedagreatdealaboutassumptions,andthatthetimingofholidaysvariesconsiderablyfromculturetoculture.

“AttendingthediversityworkshophelpedmerealizehowmuchIcouldlearnbysimplyaskingquestionsandcreatingdialogueswithmyemployees,ratherthanmakingassumptionsandtryingtobeaknow-it-all,”Dougadmits.“ThebiggestthingItookawayfromtheworkshopislearninghowtobemore‘inclusive’todifferences.”

AbetterBottomLine

Anopenmindaboutdiversitynotonlyimprovesorganizationsinternally,itisprofitableaswell.Thesecommentsfromacustomerservicerepresentativeshowhowaninclusiveattitudecanimprovesales.”MostofmycustomersspeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.Oneofthebestthingsmycompanyhasdoneistocontractwithalanguageservicethatofferstranslationsoverthephone.Itwasn’tuntilmybossreceivedMindsets’trainingthatshewasabletounderstandhowimportantinclusivenesswastocustomerservice.Asresult,ourcustomerbasehasincreased.”

Oncewestarttoseepeopleasindividuals.anddiscardthestereotypes,wecanmovepositivelytowardinclusivenessforeveryone.Diversityisaboutcomingtogetherandtakingadvantageofourdifferencesandsimilarities.Itisaboutbuildingbettercommunitiesandorganizationsthatenhanceusasindividualsandreinforceoursharedhumanity.

Whenwebegintoquestionourassumptionsandchallengewhatwethinkwehavelearnedfromourpast,fromthemedia,peers,family,friends,etc,webegintorealizethatsomeofourconclusionsareflawed（有缺陷的）orcontrarytoourfundamentalvalues.Weneedtotrainour-selvestothinkdifferently,shiftourmindsetsandrealizethatdiversityopensdoorsforallofus,creatingopportunitiesinorganizationsandcommunitiesthatbenefiteveryone.

1.WhatbotheredTiffanyduringaninterviewwithhercandidate?

A）Hejustwouldn’tlookherintheeye.Hewasslowinansweringherquestions.

B）Hisanswerstosomeofherquestionswereirrelevant.

C）Hisanswerstosomeofherquestionswereirrelevant.

2.Tiffany’smisjudgmentaboutthecandidatestemmedfrom.

A）Racialstereotypes.C）Racialstereotypes.

B）Invalidpersonalbias.D）Emphasisonphysicalappearance

3.Whatisbecomingessentialinthecourseofeconomicglobalizationaccordingtotheauthor?

A）Hiringqualifiedtechnicalandmanagementpersonnel.

B）Increasingunderstandingofpeopleofothercultures.

C）Constantlyupdatingknowledgeandequipment.

D）Expandingdomesticandinternationalmarkets.

4.WhatkindoforganizationisMindsetsLLC?

A）Arealestateagency.C）Aculturalexchangeorganization.

B）Apersonneltrainingcompany.D）Ahi-techcompany

5.Afteroneoftheworkshops,accountexecutiveDalerealizedthat.

A）Hehadhiredthewrongperson.B）Hecouldhavedonemoreforhiscompany.

C）Hehadnotmanagedhisworkforcewell.D）Hemustgetridofhisgenderbias.

6.WhatdidDalethinkofMindsetsLLC’sworkshop?

A）Itwaswell-intentionedbutpoorlyconducted.B）Ittappedintotheexecutives’fullpotential.

C）Ithelpedhimmakefairdecisions.D）Itmetparticipants’diverseneeds.

7.HowdidDoug,asupervisor,respondtoaChinese-Americanemployee’srequestforleave?

A）Hetoldhimtogetthedatesright.C）Heflatlyturneditdown

B）Hedemandedanexplanation.D）Hereadilyapprovedit.

8.Dougfeltwhenherealizedthathisassumptionwaswrong.

9.AfterattendingMindsets’workshops,theparticipantscametoknowtheimportanceof_________totheirbusiness.

10.Whenweviewpeopleasindividualsandgetridofstereotypes,wecanachievediversityandbenefitfromthe______betweenus.

PartIIIListeningComprehension（35Minutes）

SectionA

11.A）Sheexpectedmorepeopleatherparty.B）Sheenjoysentertainingsmallchildren.

C）ShethrewasurprisepartyforherfriendD）Shehasalwaysenjoyedgreatpopularity.

12.A）Theyarenotusedtolivinginacoldplace.B）TheyfeelluckytoliveinFlorida.

C）Theyaregoingtohaveaholiday.D）Theyhavenotbookedtheirairticketsyet.

13.A）Hewaspleasedtogetthemedal.C）Heusedtobeafirefighter.

B）Hewasverycourageous.D）Hewasaccusedofcausingafire.

14.A）Makeaprofitableinvestment.C）GetpartsforthemachinefromJapan.

B）BuyanewwashingmachineD）Havetheoldwashingmachinefixed.

15.A）Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.B）Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.

C）Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.D）Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.

16.A）Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.

B）Themanhasnoideawhattherightthingtodois.

C）Thewomandoesn’tknowhowtogettotheparty.

D）Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.

17.A）Drawingupabusinessplan.C）Finalizingacontract.

B）Discussingatermpaper.D）Reviewingaco-authoredarticle.

18.A）Sheorderedsomepaper.C）Shechattedonlinewithafriend

B）Shehadtheprinterrepaired.D）Shefilledinanapplicationform

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A）Hishealthisgettingworse.C）Hispastlifeupsetshimagooddeal.

B）Hecannolongerworkatsea.D）Hehasnotgottheexpectedpension.

20.A）Shepassedawayyearsago.C）Shehasbeenworkingataclinic.

B）Sheusedtoworkasamodel.D）Shehasbeen