最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题附答案.docx

最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题附答案.docx

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最新高考英语阅读理解复习题附答案

最新高考英语阅读理解复习题（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity（繁荣）.Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad;thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother;thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.

   Ihavetaughtmanychildrenwhoheldthebeliefthattheirself-worthreliedonhowwelltheyperformedattennisandotherskills.Forthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlife-and-deathaffairs.Intheirsingle-mindedpursuitofsuccess,thedevelopmentofmanyotherhumanqualitiesissadlyforgotten.

   However,whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesiretosucceed,otherstakeanoppositeattitude.Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinnerandpaysnoattentiontotheordinaryplayers,theystronglyblamecompetition.Amongthemostvocalareyoungsterswhohavesufferedundercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety.Teachingtheseyoungpeople,Ioftenobserveinthemadesiretofail.Theyseemtoseekfailurebynottryingtowinorachievesuccess.Bynottrying,theyalwayshaveanexcuse:

"Imayhavelost,butitdoesn'tmatterbecauseIreallydidn'ttry."Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythemselvesisthebeliefthatiftheyhadreallytriedandlost,thatwouldmeanalot.Suchalosswouldbeameasureoftheirworth.Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatofthetruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Botharebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone'sself-respectreliesonhowwelloneperformsincomparisonwithothers.Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisbasicandoftentroublesomefearbeginstodissolve（缓解）canwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.

（1）Whyaresomepeopleinfavorofcompetition?

A. Becausetheythinkcompetitionpushessocietyforward.

B. Becausetheythinkcompetitionimprovessocialabilities.

C. Becausetheythinkcompetitionbuildsupasenseofpride.

D. Becausetheythinkcompetitiondevelopspeople'srelationship.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"themostvocal"inParagraph3referto?

A. Peoplewhotrytheirbesttowin.

B. Peoplewhohighlyvaluecompetition.

C. Peoplewhoarestronglyagainstcompetition.

D. Peoplewhomostlyrelyonothersforsuccess.

（3）Whichviewpointdoestheauthoragreeto?

A. Self-worthreliesonwinning.

B. Winningshouldbealife-and-deathmatter.

C. Competitionleadstounfriendlyrelationship.

D. Fearoffailureshouldberemovedincompetition.

（4）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A. Competitionhelpstosetupself-respect.

B. Peopleholddifferentopinionsaboutcompetition.

C. Failuresarenecessaryexperienceincompetition.

D. Competitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopment.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们对于竞争所持的不同观点。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity.”可知，一些人赞成竞争是因为他们认为竞争促进社会的进步和繁荣。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“theystronglyblamecompetition"他们强烈谴责竞争；以及"youngsterswhohavesufferedundercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety"遭受来自父母或社会的竞争压力的年轻人，可推知，画线部分的意思是"强烈反对的"。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”Onlyasthisbasicand oftentroublesomefearbeginstodissolvecanwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.“只有当这种基本的、常常令人烦恼的恐惧开始消失时，我们才能在竞争中发现新的意义。

可推知，作者认为竞争要摆脱对失败的恐惧。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段”Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity.Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad;thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother;thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.“在现代社会，关于竞争有很多争论。

有些人非常重视它，认为它对社会进步和繁荣负有责任。

其他人说竞争是不好的;它使一个人反对另一个人;这会导致人与人之间不友好的关系。

以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍人们对于竞争所持的不同观点。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．（2019•江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?

Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?

   Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.

   ThefascinationwiththeICT（InformationandCommunicationTechnology）revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector（制造业）withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.

   Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe"digitaldivide"betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.ThishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.

   Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"borderlessworld".Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.

   Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.

（1）Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto________.

A. alackofconfidenceintechnology                

B. aslowprogressintechnology

C. aconflictofpublicopinions                           

D. awasteoflimitedresources

（2）TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould________.

A. takepeople'sessentialneedsintoaccount

B. maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople

C. ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport

D. providemoreaffordableinternetfacilities

（3）Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?

A. Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.

B. Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.

C. Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.

D. Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A. Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.

B. Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.

C. Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.

D. Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了对信息技术的过分迷恋对国家，对个人，对慈善事业都会有不利的影响。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“However,theyhavereakimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.”可知，对信息技术的错误判断会导致有限资源的错误使用，也就是资源的浪费，故选D。

（2）推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.”可知，与其给那些贫困地区孩子笔记本电脑或者建网络中心，还不如给钱打井，铺电网或者生产他们买得起的洗衣机，这些东西更能改善他们的生活。

作者不是说这些东西一定更重要，但是很多捐赠者没有仔细考虑捐赠的东西的长期成本，因此作者建议捐赠者要考虑接受捐赠的人的实际情况，而不是一味地追求信息化，故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

根据第五段“Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"borderlessworld".以及Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.”可知，对新东西的迷恋让人们认为如今通讯技术和交通的变革让我们生活在一个无国界的世界。

正是认为我们生活在这样一个世界，很多政府取消了关于跨国界的资本、劳动力以及商品流动的法律法规，故选B。

（4）推理判断题。

根据第三段“ThefascinationwiththeICT（InformationandCommunicationTechnology）revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector（制造业）withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.”可知，对互联网呈现的通讯技术变革的迷恋让很多富裕国家做出一个错误的结论，制造产品已经过时了，他们应该靠创意生活，因而忽略了制造业，从而对经济造成不利影响，故可知，传统的技术依然有它的地位，不能被新兴的信息技术取代，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   Manypeoplehavelongdreamedofbeingabletoflyaroundassimplyasridingabicycle.Yetthesafetyandstrengthofaflying