英语国家社会与文化入门上册答案.docx
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英语国家社会与文化入门上册答案
英语国家社会与文化入门上册答案
【篇一:
英语国家社会与文化入门上册第三版】
p>1、britainisnolongeranimperial(帝国)country(t)
2、thecommonwealth(英联邦)ofnationsincludesalleuropeancountries(f)
3、1in10ofthebritishpopulationareofnon-europeanethnicity(种族)(f)
4、thestereotype(刻板印象)oftheenglishgentlemanneverappliedtothemajorityofthebritishpeople(t)
5、whenpeopleoutsidetheuktalkaboutengland,theymistakeitasbritainsometimes(t)
6、thescotsandwelsh(苏格兰和威尔士)haveastrongsenseofbeingbritish(f)
7、scotland(苏格兰)wasneverconqueredbytheromans(罗马人)(t)
8、mostpeopleinscotlandspeaktheceltic(凯尔特)language,called“gaelic”(f)
9、scotlandwasunifiedwithenglandthroughpeacefulmeans(t)
10、wales(威尔士)isrichincoal(煤炭)deposits(存款)(t)
11、cardiff(卡迪夫),thecapitalofwales,isalargecity(f)
12、thetitleofprince(王子)ofwalesisheldbyaheldbyawelshaccordingtotradition(f)第二单元
1、irelandispartofgreatbritain(f)
2、“ulster(阿尔斯特)”,referringtonorthernireland,wasonceanancientirishkingdom(王国)(t)
3、thecapitalofbelfast(贝尔法斯特)isalargecitywithhalfamillionpeople(f)
4、northernirelandissignificant(重要的)becauseofitsmanufacturing(制造业)industry(f)
5、themajorityofirishpeopleweredescendants(后代)oftheoriginalceltic(凯尔特)peoplewhoinhabitedbritishisles(群岛)beforetheromansarrived2000yearsago(t)
6、mostbritishpeopleareprotestants(新教徒)whilemostirishpeoplearecatholics(天主教徒)(t)
7、thebritishgovernmentdoesnothavedirectrulefromlondonovernorthernireland(t)
8、sinnfein(新芬党)isalegalpoliticalpartyinnorthernireland(t)
9、theanglo-irish(岗格鲁-爱尔兰)agreementof1985guaranteedtheloyalist(政府军)protestantcommunity(社区)theirtodecidetheirfutureinnorthernireland(t)
10、thegoodfridayagreement(协议)wasapprovedon10april1998(t)
11、northernirelandtodayisgovernedbyseparatejurisdictions(司法管辖区):
thatfrepublic(共和国)ofirelandthatofgreatbritain(f)
第三单元
1、itisnodoubtthatbritainistheoldestrepresentativedemocracy(民主)intheworld(f)
2、inbritain,theprocessofstate-building(国家建设)hasbeenoneofevolutionratherthanrevolution,contrasttofranceandtheus(与法国和美国相比)(t)
3、theoldestinstitution(机构)ofgovernmentinbritainisthemonarchy(君主政体)(t)
4、thedivine(神圣的)rightofthekingmeansthesovereign(主权)derived(派生的)hisauthority(权威)fromhissubjects(主题)(f)
5、asthekingintheoryhadgodonhisside,itwasthoughtthatheshouldexerciseabsolute(绝对)power(f)
6、theterm“parliament(议会)”wasfirstofficiallyusedin1066todescribethegatheringoffeudalbarons(封建贵族)andrepresentativesfromcountiesandtowns(f)
7、britainisbothaparliamentarydemocracy(议会民主制)andaconstitutionalmonarchy(君
主立宪制)(t)
8、britain,likeisrael,hasawrittenconstitutionofthesortwhichmostcountrieshave(f)
9、commonlawsarelawswhichhavebeenestablished(建立)throughcommonpractice(实践)inthecourts(法院)(t)
第四单元
1、intheuk,agovernmentcannotstandforlongerthanfiveyearsexceptinexceptionalcircumstances(情况下)(t)
2、anyonewhoiseligible(符合条件的)tovotewith500poundsasdeposit(存款)canstandasanmp(国会议员)(f)
3、eachmainpartyisgivensometimeonnationaltvto“sell”theirpolicies.thetimeisnotgivenfreeandhastobepaidbytheparty(t)
4、theamountspentinnationalcampaign(运动)isnotlimitedotherthanthatontv(f)
5、secrecy(保密)isnotanimportantpartofthevotingprocess(t)
6、therearetwomajornationalpartiesintheu.k.accordingtothetext(f)
7、liberaldemocratic(自由民主)partyisthenewestofthemajornationalparties(f)
8、childrenfromtheupper-middle-class(中上层阶级)usuallyhaveabettereducationthanthosefromtheworkingormiddle-class(t)
9、themajorityofmiddle-classpeopletodayhaveworkingclassparentsorgrandparents(t)
10、oneofthedistinctivefeatures(独特的特征)aboutthebritishclass-systemisthatithasalsoretained(保留)ahereditaryaristocracy(世袭的贵族)(t)
11、themajorityofbritain’srecentimmigrantshavemainlycomefromnorthasia(北亚)andcaribbean(加勒比)countries(f)
12、mostimmigrantsearnalivingbyopeningrestaurantsorbecomingmusicians(f)
13、themajorityhaveproblemsofunemploymentpublisheditshouseholdenergymanagementstrategy(家庭能源管理策略)(t)
14、onmarch2,2010,thebritishgovernmentpublishitshouseholdenergymanagementstrategy(t)
15、ondecember27,2009thetnclimate(气候)changeconferencewasheldincopenhagen(t)
16、accordingtothekyotoprotocol(京都议定书),thegovernmenthasagreedthattheukwillmeettoughtargets(艰难的目标)toreducecarbonemissionsincrementally(增量)betweennowand2020(f)
第五单元
1、bythe1880’sthebritisheconomywasdominant(主导)intheworld(t)
2、boththeusandcanadaovertookbritainineconomyby1900(f)
3、bytheendofworldwarii,britainhadgoneheavilyintodebt(债务)inordertodevelopitsmanufacturingindustryandborrowedlargeamountsfromtheusandfrance(f)
4、anotherreasonforbritishdeclineisthelossofitscolonies(殖民地),especiallyindia,whichgaineditsindependencein1947(t)
5、inthe1970s,withthesoaring(飙升的)priceofoilandhighratesofinflation(通货膨胀),britainwentthroughabadperiod.in1979,thelabourpartyhadtostepdown(下台)fromthegovernment(t)
6、theleaderoftheconservatives(保守派),margaretthatcher(玛格丽特-撒切尔)startedaseriesofreforms.anextensive(广泛的)programmeofprivatization(私有的)wascarried
out,andshewassuccessfulinanall-round(全面的)way(f)
7、tertiary(三级)industriesincludebanking,insurance(保险),tourism(旅游),agricultureandthesellingofgoods(f)
8、britainhasalargesector(部门)ofagricultureproducing11.6%ofitsnationalwealth(f)
9、accordingtothetext,thetertiary(三级)industryproducesapproximately(大约)two-thirdsofthenationalwealth(t)
10、theserviceindustryintheukemploys70%ofthetotalworkforce(t)
11、asamemberoftheworldtradeorganization,theukisplayingaveryimportantroleintheworldtrade(t)
12、theukisthethirdbiggestinternationalinvestor(投资者)intheworld(f)
第六单元
1、muchearlybritishliteraturewasconcernedwithchristianity(基督教),andanglo-saxons(盎格鲁-撒克逊人)producedmanyversions(版本)ofthebible(圣经)(t)
2、beowulf(贝奥武夫)wasaseamonster(海怪)killedbyaswedishwarrior(瑞典战士)(f)
3、“thewifeofbath(浴的妻子)”isoneofthetales(故事)containedinthecanterburytales(坎特伯雷故事集)(t)
4、therewasageneralfloweringofcultureandintellectual(知识)lifeineuropeduringthe17thand18thcenturywhichisknownas“therenaissance(文艺复兴时期)”(f)
6、keats,shelleyandbyron(济慈、雪莱和拜伦)broughttheromanticmovement(浪漫主义运动)toitsheight(t)
7、robinsoncrusoe(鲁宾逊漂流记)tellsthestoryofashipwreckandsolitarysurvival(海难和孤独的生存)(t)
8、writersofromanticliterature(浪漫主义文化)aremoreconcernedwithimaginationandfeelingthanwiththepowerofreason(t)
第七单元
1、thepurposeofbritisheducationisnotonlytoprovidechildrenwithliteracy(读写能力)andtheotherbasicskillsbutalsotosocialize(社交)children(t)
2、thestateseldominterferes(干扰)withthedecisionofwhen,where,howandwhatchildrenaretaught(f)
3、theenduringfeature(持久特征)ofbritisheducationisthecontinuingdebateoverwhatshouldbetaughtinschools(f)
4、the1944educationactmadeentrytosecondaryschools(中学)anduniversities“meritocratic(精英)”(t)
5、publicschoolsarepartofthenationaleducationsystemandfundedbythegovernment(f)
6、britishuniversitiesarepublicbodieswhichreceivefundsfromcentralgovernment(t)
7、allsecondaryschoolsinbritainarerunandsupervised(监督)bythegovernment(t)
8、inoxfordandcambridgethebaconvertstoanmaseveralyearslater,uponpaymentofafee(t)
9、independentschoolsgetmoneymainlythroughtheprivatesector(部门)andtuition(学费)
rates,withsomegovernmentsupport(t)
10、grammarschoolsselectchildrenattheageof11andprovidethemwithageneraleducation(f)
第八单元
1、whenthesecondworldwarended,britainnolongerwasthelargestmilitary(军事)powerinwesterneurope(f)
2、theukwasawarded(授予)aseatontheun(联合国)securitycouncil(安理会)inrecognition(识别)ofitscontributioninsettinguptheunitednations(f)
3、accordingtothetext,themostimportantsinglefactorwhichinfluencesbritishpolicy-makerisitshistory(t)
4、theprimeministerandcabinet(内阁)decideonthegeneraldirectionofbritain’sforeignpolicy(t)
5、themaingovernmentdepartmentinvolvedistheforeignandcommonwealthoffice(外交和联邦事务部)(fco)(t)
6、britainisaparliamentarymonarch(议会君主)(f)
7、thereareabout60membersofthecommonwealth(英联邦)(f)
8、thebritishhostalargeamericanmilitary(军事)presenceandthereare63americanmilitarybasesintheuk(t)
9、britainisnotamemberofthenato(北约)duetoitsdisagreementwithsomeeuropeancountriesondefencepolicy(f)
第九单元
1、onanaverageday,anoverwhelming(压倒性的)majorityofbritonsovertheageof15redanationorlocalpaper(报纸)(t)
2、thebritishmediaplayanimportantroleinshaping(塑造)anationalculture(t)
3、inthelateseventeenthandearly18thcentury,asthebritisheconomybegantoindustrialise,andasliteracylevelsrosethroughtheintroductionofmasseducation,moreandnewspapersbegantoappear(f)
4、freepresshasthefunctionofkeepinganeyeonthegovernment,andthereforeitiscalledthewatchdog(监管机构)ofparliamentarydemocracy(议会民主制)(t)
5、theadvertisingcode(广告代码)ensuresthatadvertisementsarelegal,decent(体面地),honestandtruthful;haveasenseofresponsibilityforconsumerandsociety;andrespecttheprinciplesoffaircompetition(竞争)(t)
6、itisincorrecttosaythatclassandeducationaldifferencesarereflectedinthenewspaperspeopleread(f)
7、thetelegraphreaders,forexample,willbesoftoncrime(犯罪),bequitefeminis