英文演讲交流技巧.docx

英文演讲交流技巧.docx

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英文演讲交流技巧

Communicationskill-makingoralpresentations

[edit]Steps

1.Doyourresearchandprepareyourpresentationwellinadvance.

2.Readingfromascriptisnotagoodidea.Knowyourmaterialandgetcomfortablewithusingdifferentwordsandapproachestocommunicateyouridea.

3.Speakoutinfrontofamirror.Getusedtotheideas,thewordsandpronunciation.

4.Whenitistimetopresent,getupandsmile.

5.Beginyourpresentationandkeepeyecontactwiththeentireroom.

6.Donotsticktoascript.Benaturalandateasewhilepresenting.

7.Keepyourvoiceflexible.modulateyourvoicetoemphasizemajorpointsandmostimportantly,avoidmonotony.

8.Summarizewhatyouhavesaid（nomorethanoneminute）tohelpendyourpresentation.

[edit]Tips

∙Thefirsttimeslothelpsavoidwaitingandanticipation,butthelastgivesyoumoretimetowork.

∙Nooneenjoysadullface.Socheerupandpresentwithenthusiasm!

∙Maintaineyecontactwithpeoplearoundtheroomandyourteacher.However,donotfocusyourattentionatoneperson,especiallynotyourteacher.

∙Ifyouaredoingapower-pointpresentation,avoidreadingoffthescreen.Instead,usenotecards,andtheinformationonthescreenshouldonlysummarizewhatyouaresaying.

∙Avoidtheurgetocorrectyourselfinthemiddleofasentence.Weallmakemistakes!

∙Theideaofapresentationistoconveyamessage,nottoimpresspeopleorappearveryintelligent.So,maintainyourfocusondeliveringgoodinformation.Thistipisgoodforaclassroom.

∙Keepyourhandsbelowyourshoulderssotheaudiencedoesnotgetdistracted.

[edit]Warnings

∙Avoidreadingoffascriptorapower-pointscreen.Thisjustshowseveryoneyourlackofconfidence.

∙Donotgetintoargumentswiththeaudience.Youcanalwayssayyouwillcheckandgetbacktothem.

Knowtheneedsofyouraudienceandmatchyourcontentstotheirneeds.Knowyourmaterialthoroughly.Putwhatyouhavetosayinalogicalsequence.Ensureyourspeechwillbecaptivatingtoyouraudienceaswellasworththeirtimeandattention.Practiceandrehearseyourspeechathomeorwhereyoucanbeateaseandcomfortable,infrontofamirror,yourfamily,friendsorcolleagues.Useatape-recorderandlistentoyourself.Videotapeyourpresentationandanalyzeit.Knowwhatyourstrongandweakpointsare.Emphasizeyourstrongpointsduringyourpresentation.

Whenyouarepresentinginfrontofanaudience,youareperformingasanactorisonstage.Howyouarebeingperceivedisveryimportant.Dressappropriatelyfortheoccasion.Besolemnifyourtopicisserious.Presentthedesiredimagetoyouraudience.Lookpleasant,enthusiastic,confident,proud,butnotarrogant.Remaincalm.Appearrelaxed,evenifyoufeelnervous.Speakslowly,enunciateclearly,andshowappropriateemotionandfeelingrelatingtoyourtopic.Establishrapportwithyouraudience.Speaktothepersonfarthestawayfromyoutoensureyourvoiceisloudenoughtoprojecttothebackoftheroom.Varythetoneofyourvoiceanddramatizeifnecessary.Ifamicrophoneisavailable,adjustandadaptyourvoiceaccordingly.

Bodylanguageisimportant.Standing,walkingormovingaboutwithappropriatehandgestureorfacialexpressionispreferredtosittingdownorstandingstillwithheaddownandreadingfromapreparedspeech.Useaudio-visualaidsorpropsforenhancementifappropriateandnecessary.MastertheuseofpresentationsoftwaresuchasPowerPointwellbeforeyourpresentation.Donotover-dazzleyouraudiencewithexcessiveuseofanimation,soundclips,orgaudycolorswhichareinappropriateforyourtopic.Donottortureyouraudiencebyputtingalengthydocumentintinyprintonanoverheadandreadingitouttothem.

Speakwithconvictionasifyoureallybelieveinwhatyouaresaying.Persuadeyouraudienceeffectively.Thematerialyoupresentorallyshouldhavethesameingredientsasthatwhicharerequiredforawrittenresearchpaper,i.e.alogicalprogressionfromINTRODUCTION（Thesisstatement）toBODY（strongsupportingarguments,accurateandup-to-dateinformation）toCONCLUSION（re-statethesis,summary,andlogicalconclusion）.

Donotreadfromnotesforanyextendedlengthoftimealthoughitisquiteacceptabletoglanceatyournotesinfrequently.Speakloudlyandclearly.Soundconfident.Donotmumble.Ifyoumadeanerror,correctit,andcontinue.Noneedtomakeexcusesorapologizeprofusely.

Maintainsincereeyecontactwithyouraudience.Usethe3-secondmethod,e.g.lookstraightintotheeyesofapersonintheaudiencefor3secondsatatime.Havedirecteyecontactwithanumberofpeopleintheaudience,andeverynowandthenglanceatthewholeaudiencewhilespeaking.Useyoureyecontacttomakeeveryoneinyouraudiencefeelinvolved.

Speaktoyouraudience,listentotheirquestions,respondtotheirreactions,adjustandadapt.Ifwhatyouhavepreparedisobviouslynotgettingacrosstoyouraudience,changeyourstrategymid-streamifyouarewellpreparedtodoso.Rememberthatcommunicationisthekeytoasuccessfulpresentation.Ifyouareshortoftime,knowwhatcanbesafelyleftout.Ifyouhaveextratime,knowwhatcouldbeeffectivelyadded.Alwaysbepreparedfortheunexpected.

Pause.Allowyourselfandyouraudiencealittletimetoreflectandthink.Don'tracethroughyourpresentationandleaveyouraudience,aswellasyourself,feelingoutofbreath.

Addhumorwheneverappropriateandpossible.Keepaudienceinterestedthroughoutyourentirepresentation.Rememberthataninterestingspeechmakestimefly,butaboringspeechisalwaystoolongtoendureevenifthepresentationtimeisthesame.

Whenusingaudio-visualaidstoenhanceyourpresentation,besureallnecessaryequipmentissetupandingoodworkingorderpriortothepresentation.Ifpossible,haveanemergencybackupsystemreadilyavailable. Checkoutthelocationaheadoftimetoensureseatingarrangementsforaudience,whiteboard,blackboard,lighting,locationofprojectionscreen,soundsystem,etc.aresuitableforyourpresentation.

Havehandoutsreadyandgivethemoutattheappropriatetime.Tellaudienceaheadoftimethatyouwillbegivingoutanoutlineofyourpresentationsothattheywillnotwastetimetakingunnecessarynotesduringyourpresentation.

KnowwhentoSTOPtalking.Useatimerorthemicrowaveovenclocktotimeyourpresentationwhenpreparingitathome.Justasyoudon'tuseunnecessarywordsinyourwrittenpaper,youdon'tboreyouraudiencewithrepetitiousorunnecessarywordsinyouroralpresentation.Toendyourpresentation,summarizeyourmainpointsinthesamewayasyounormallydointheCONCLUSIONofawrittenpaper.Remember,however,thatthereisadifferencebetweenspokenwordsappropriatefortheearandformallywrittenwordsintendedforreading.Terminateyourpresentationwithaninterestingremarkoranappropriatepunchline.Leaveyourlistenerswithapositiveimpressionandasenseofcompletion.Donotbelaboryourclosingremarks.Thankyouraudienceandsitdown.

Havethewrittenportionofyourassignmentorreportreadyforyourinstructorifrequired.

Thematerialofyourpresentationshouldbeconcise,tothepointandtellaninterestingstory.Inadditiontotheobviousthingslikecontentandvisualaids,thefollowingarejustasimportantastheaudiencewillbesubconsciouslytakingthemin:

∙Yourvoice-howyousayitisasimportantaswhatyousay

∙Bodylanguage-asubjectinitsownrightandsomethingaboutwhichmuchhasbeenwrittenandsaid.Inessence,yourbodymovementsexpresswhatyourattitudesandthoughtsreallyare.Youmightliketocheckoutthiswebpage

∙Appearance-firstimpressionsinfluencetheaudience'sattitudestoyou.Dressappropriatelyfortheoccasion.

Aswithmostpersonalskillsoralcommunicationcannotbetaught.Instructorscanonlypointtheway.Soasalways,practiceisessential,bothtoimproveyourskillsgenerallyandalsotomakethebestofeachindividualpresentationyoumake.

Backtotop

Preparation

Preparethestructureofthetalkcarefullyandlogically,justasyouwouldforawrittenreport.Whatare:

∙theobjectivesofthetalk?

∙themainpointsyouwanttomake?

Makealistofthesetwothingsasyourstartingpoint 

Writeoutthepresentationinrough,justlikeafirstdraftofawrittenreport.Reviewthedraft.Youwillfindthingsthatareirrelevantorsuperfluous-deletethem.Checkthestoryisconsistentandflowssmoothly.Iftherearethingsyoucannoteasilyexpress,possiblybecauseofdoubtaboutyourunderstanding,itisbettertoleavethemunsaid.

Neverreadfromascript.Itisalsounwisetohavethetalkwrittenoutindetailasapromptsheet-thechancesareyouwillnotlocatethethingyouwanttosayamongstalltheothertext.Youshouldknowmostofwhatyouwanttosay-ifyoudon'tthenyoushouldnotbegivingthetalk!

Sopreparecuecardswhichhavekeywordsandphrases（andpossiblysketches）onthem.Postcardsareidealforthis.Don'tforgettonumberthecardsincaseyoudropthem.

RemembertomarkonyourcardsthevisualaidsthatgowiththemsothattherightOHPorslideisshownattherighttime

Rehearseyourpresentation-toyourselfatfirstandtheninfrontofsomecolleagues.Theinitialrehearsalshouldconsiderhowthewordsandthesequenceofvisualaidsgotogether.Howwillyoumakeeffectiveuseofyourvisualaids?

Backtotop

Makingthepresentation

Greettheaudience（forexample,'Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen'）,andtellthemwhoyouare.Goodpresentationsthenfollowthisformula:

∙telltheaudiencewhatyouaregoingtotellthem,

∙