江苏专用备战高考英语复习阅读理解组合练二.docx

江苏专用备战高考英语复习阅读理解组合练二.docx

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江苏专用备战高考英语复习阅读理解组合练二

阅读理解组合练

（二）

（限时30分钟）

A

（2019·常州模拟）

　WIPOistheglobalforumforintellectualpropertyIPservices，policy，informationandcooperation.WeareaselffundingagencyoftheUnitedNations，with192memberstates.,

Ourmissionistoleadthedevelopmentofabalancedandeffectiveinternationalintellectualpropertysystemthatenablesinnovationandcreativityforthebenefitofall.Ourmandate，governingbodiesandproceduresaresetoutintheWIPOConvention，whichestablishedWIPOin1967.

Werunworkshopsandseminarsthroughouttheyear.Thepresentationsandmeetingdocumentsaremadeavailablefordownloadingwhereverpossible.

Currentandupcoming

CaseStudyWorkshoponSupportforIntellectualPropertyManagementinSMEs（IPAdvantage）

NationalWorkshoponIntellectualPropertyPoliciesforUniversitiesandResearchInstitutions

语篇解读：

本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界知识产权组织以及由其举办的几场IP研讨会的相关信息。

1.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.

A．itisanarticlefromthehandbookofWIPO

B．governingbodiesofallmemberstatespayfortherunningofWIPO

C．itisintendedforthoseinterestedintheknowledgeofintellectualproperty

D．themissionofWIPOistodevelopaneffectivesystemofinnovationandcreativity

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

根据文章内容可知，本文介绍了世界知识产权组织的作用和宗旨以及由其举办的几场有关知识产权的研讨会的信息。

由此可知，本文是为对知识产权感兴趣的人设计的。

故选C。

2.IfoneisinterestedinIPmanagement,hecanattendaseminarin________.

A．AmmanorTelAviv　　B．TelAvivorParis

C．AmmanorTokyoD．TelAvivorTokyo

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第一个研讨会CaseStudyWorkshoponSupportforIntellectualPropertyManagementinSMEs（IPAdvantage）的信息“January29toJanuary31,2019（Tokyo）”及第四个研讨会Nationalseminaroncollectivemanagement的信息“December19,2018（TelAviv）”“CollectiveManagementofCopyright,WorkshopsandSeminars”可知，这两场研讨会是关于知识产权管理的。

故选D。

B

（2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟）InFlorida,agroupofparentsknownas“thebreakmoms”hasbeenfightingtopassalawguaranteeingthestate'selementaryschoolstudentsatleast20minutesofdailyfreeplay.

Inasurveyofschooldistrictadministrators,roughlyathirdsaidtheirdistrictshadreducedoutdoorplayintheearly2000s.Disadvantagedkidshavebeenthemostlikelytobeshortchanged（克扣）.Accordingtoa2003study,just56percentofchildrenlivingatorbelowthepovertylinehadbreak,comparedwith83percentofthoseabovethepovertyline;asimilardisparity（差异）existedbetweenblackchildrenandtheirwhitepeers.

Thebenefitsofbreakmightseemobvious—timetorunaroundhelpskidsstayfit.Butalargebodyofresearchsuggeststhatitalsopromotescognition（认知）.Manystudieshavefoundthatregularexerciseimprovesmentalfunctionandacademicperformance.Andananalysisofstudiesthatfocusedspecificallyonbreakfoundpositiveassociationsbetweenphysicalactivityandtheabilitytoconcentrateinclass.

Inoneseriesofexperiments,researcherscontrolledbreakstarttimes.Somedayschildrenwereletoutat10a．m.,andotherdaysat10：

30.Thekids'attentivenessdecreasedwhentheyhadtowaitlongerforbreak,andrefreshedthemselvesaftertheyplayed.Andwhenfourthgradersinabreakfreeschoolweregivenaweeklybreak,anothergroupofresearchersfoundthattheyhadaneasiertimestayingontaskandweremuchlessrestless.Theseexperimentalfindingsaresupportedbyananalysisof10,000questionnairesfilledoutbythirdgradeteachers:

Evenasingle15minutedailybreakwasconnectedwithmorepositiveratingsofclassroombehavior.

Perhapsmostimportantbreakallowschildrentodesigntheirowngames,totesttheirabilities,toroleplay,andtosettletheirownconflicts—activitiesthatarekeytodevelopingsocialskillsandmanagingcomplicatedsituations.InitialresultsfromanongoingstudyinTexassuggestthatelementaryschoolchildrenwhoaregivenfour15minutebreaksadayaresignificantlymoresympathetictowardtheirpeersthanarekidswhodon'tgetbreak.

语篇解读：

本文主要介绍了一群被称为“休息妈妈”的家长一直在努力通过一项法律，保证该州的小学生每天至少有20分钟的自由玩耍时间的事情。

研究表明有足够休息时间的孩子学习成绩更好，情商也更高。

3．Whatcauses“thebreakmoms”tostartafight?

A．Pupils'lackofoutdoorplay.

B．Poorschoolmanagement.

C．Absenceofeducationlaws.

D．Inequalityamongstudents.

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第一段的内容可知，她们想要通过的法律是为了保障孩子们每天课外活动的时间，故原因是孩子们现在缺少户外活动的时间。

4．Inoneseriesofexperiments,researchersfindthat________.

A．childrenbehavebetterwhenletoutearlier

B．kidswaitinglongerareunabletostayfocusedagain

C．thirdgradershavedifficultyinfocusingontask

D．fourthgradersaremoreconcentratedwithoutabreak

解析：

选A　细节理解题。

根据第四段的第三句“Thekids'attentivenessdecreasedwhentheyhadtowaitlongerforbreak,andrefreshedthemselvesaftertheyplayed.”可知，当孩子们不得不等待更长的时间才能休息时，他们的注意力下降了，所以被更早放出去活动的学生表现更好。

5．Whatcanweinferifwecanensurechildrenacertainamountofdailybreak?

A．Theyescapefromlifeconflicts.

B．Theymaystrengthendependence.

C．Theyaremoreconsideratetowardsothers.

D．Theyareeagertomanagecomplicatedsituations.

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句中的“childrenwhoaregivenfour15minutebreaksadayaresignificantlymoresympathetictowardtheirpeersthanarekidswhodon'tgetbreak”可知，研究表明，每天休息4个15分钟的小学生比没有休息的孩子对同龄人更有同情心。

所以他们对他人也更加体贴。

C

（2019·盐城模拟）Onedayin1995,alarge,heavymiddleagedmanrobbedtwoPittsburghbanksinbroaddaylight.Hedidn'twearamaskandhesmiledatsurveillancecamerasbeforewalkingoutofeachbank.Laterthatnight,policearrestedasurprisedMcArthurWheeler.Whentheyshowedhimthesurveillancetapes,Wheelerstaredindisbelief.“ButIworethejuice，”hemumbled.Apparently,Wheelerthoughtthatrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehiminvisibletovideotapecameras.Afterall,lemonjuiceisusedasinvisibleinkso,aslongashedidn'tcomenearaheatsource,heshouldhavebeencompletelyinvisible.

ThecasecaughttheeyeofthepsychologistDavidDunningatCornellUniversity,whoenlistedhisgraduatestudent,JustinKruger,toseewhatwasgoingon.Theyreasonedthat,whilealmosteveryoneholdsfavourableviewsoftheirabilitiesinvarioussocialandintellectualfields,somepeoplemistakenlyassesstheirabilitiesasbeingmuchhigherthantheyactuallyare.This“illusionofconfidence”isnowcalledthe“DunningKrugereffect”，anddescribesthecognitivebiastoinflateselfassessment.

Toinvestigatethisphenomenoninthelab,DunningandKrugerdesignedsomecleverexperiments.Inonestudy,theyaskedundergraduatestudentsaseriesofquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes,andthenaskedeachstudenttoestimatehisorherscoreoverall,aswellastheirrelativerankingscomparedtotheotherstudents.Interestingly,studentswhoscoredthelowestinthesecognitivetasksalwaysoverestimatedhowwelltheydid—byalot.Studentswhoscoredinthebottomestimatedthattheyhadperformedbetterthantwothirdsoftheotherstudents!

Sure,it'stypicalforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Theproblemisthatwhenpeopleareincompetent,notonlydotheyreachwrongconclusionsandmakeunfortunatechoices,butalsotheyarerobbedoftheabilitytorealizetheirmistakes.Inasemesterlongstudyofcollegestudents,goodstudentscouldbetterpredicttheirperformanceonfutureexamsgivenfeedbackabouttheirscoresandrankings.However,thepoorestperformersshowednorecognition,despiteclearandrepeatedfeedbackthattheyweredoingbadly.Insteadofbeingconfusedorthoughtfulabouttheirincorrectways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysarecorrect.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentofMan（1871）:

“Ignorancemorefrequentlybegetsconfidencethandoesknowledge.”

Interestingly,reallysmartpeoplealsofailtoaccuratelyselfassesstheirabilities.AsmuchasDandFgradestudentsoverestimatetheirabilities,Agradestudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceisthatcompetentpeoplecananddoadjusttheirselfassessmentgivenappropriatefeedback,whileincompetentindividualscannot.

语篇解读：

本文主要阐述了“邓宁－克鲁格效应”。

研究表明有能力的人会根据各方面的反馈来调整自己的思路，而无知的人往往看不到自己的不足，盲目自信，固执己见。

6．WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDunningKrugereffectistrue?

A．Theeffectistrueforeveryoneindailylife.

B．Itsuggeststhatmostpeoplelackcognitiveabilities.

C．Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities.

D．Theconclusionisdrawnbasedonaseriesofbankrobberies.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第二段的内容，尤其是“somepeoplemistakenlyassesstheirabilitiesasbeingmuchhigherthantheyactuallyare”可知，邓宁－克鲁格效应指的是那些过度高估自己能力的、过度自信的人。

7．Whatdothecollegestudents'behaviorsmentionedintheexperimentsprove?

A．Feedbackplaysasignificantroleinestimatingone'sability.

B．Incompetentpeoplehavearigidattitudetowardstheirchoice.

C．Goodstudentscanpredicttheirfutureperformanceaccurately.

D．Peoplecan'trelyontheirpreviousbehaviortomakeadjustments.

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据第四段倒数第二句“Insteadofbeingconfusedorthoughtfulabouttheirincorrectways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysarecorrect.”可知，能力差的人不会去反思自己的不正确的方法，而是坚持他们的方法是正确的。

所以说他们非常的固执。

8．Theunderlinedword“begets”canbereplacedby________.

A．givesrisetoB．takesadvantageof

C．makesupforD．breaksawayfrom

解析：

选A　词义猜测题。

引用查尔斯·达尔文作品中的话是对上面的研究结果进行归纳总结。

上面的研究表明无知的人更加盲目地自信。

所以这句话的意思是“无知比知识更容易产生自信。

”beget＝giveriseto“产生”。

9．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．Realknowledgeisknowingtheextentofone'signorance.

B．Itisdifficultforpeopletoevaluatetheirrealcompetence.

C．Illusionofconfidenceisthemajorsourceofpeople'sfailure.

D．Thosewithgreatabilitiesoftenhavealowopinionofthemselves.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

本文主要阐述了“邓宁－克鲁格效应”。

研究表明有能力的人会根据各方面的反馈来调整自己的思路，而无知的人往往看不到自己的不足，盲目自信，固执己见。

所以真正的知识是了解一个人无知的程度。

D

（2019·南通七市模拟）UNscholarshavecalculatedthatwithinthenext10yearsthed