浙江大学英语考博真题及答案.docx
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浙江大学英语考博真题及答案
2014年浙江大学考博真题和参考答案
1.听力PartA原文:
Inmyopinion,technologyhasbecometooadvanced.Iam17-years-old,andIcanstillrememberatimewhenIdidnothaveacomputerinmyhome,andifyoudid,itwasuncommon.Notuntilthemid-1990swasitcommonfor(middleclassfamilies)tohavecomputers.Inoursocietytoday,almosteverysinglefamilyhasatleastonecomputerifnotmore,andthesecomputersareincrediblyadvancedcomparedtowhatyou'dhavehadinyourhomeashorttenyearsago.Overtheyears,Ihaveseentechnologybloom;allIhaveknownmyentirelifetime,isthatthereisgoingtobesomethingbigger,Ishouldreallysaysmaller,andbetter(outonthemarket)innotime.Ican'tbelievehowfastmanufacturersarecomingoutwithnewtechnology.Whatwillhappeninthefuture,willtechnologybecomesoadvancedischangesthecourseofourhumanity?
Youcandoeverythingyouwantfromacomputer,work,play,(talktofriends),research,andevenorderfood!
Apersoncouldlivetheirentirelifejammedupinaroomwithacomputer,andtheywouldhaveaccesstoeverythingtheyneed!
Itisinsane!
Theadvancesincommunicationtechnologyareblowingupallovertheplaceaswell.I,myselfjustboughtanewcameraphone,andthisphoneisamazing.Thepicturequalityissuperb,andnotonlythatbutI(haveaccesstothe)internetonmyPHONE!
Ican'tbelievehowthecellphonemarkethassodrasticallyincreased.ThefirstphoneIeverhadwasfiveyearsago,whenIwas12yearsold.Thatphonetodaywouldbeconsideredhuge,clunky,heavy,and"old".Ipersonallycouldn'tevenimaginemyselfwalkingaroundwiththatphone(withoutbeingembarrassed).Itjustgoestoshowhowmuchthingshavechangedinfiveyears,andpeoplejustkeepontakingitallin.EverytimeIhaveboughtanewphonesincethatpoint,sixmonthslater,Ihavewantedanewonebecausemyphonewasnotuptodate.Canyoubelieveit,afternotevenayearaphonecancompletelygooffthemarketbecauseitisnotadvancedenough?
Themanufacturersareputtingthesethingsoutfasterthanpeoplecanbuythem.
2.听力PartB原文
括号内为答案
Itisanhonortospeakwithyoutodayontheissueof(publichealthdisparities).Iwouldfirstliketothanktheorganizationsthatmadethiseventpossible.Thishastrulybeenacollaborativeeffortamongadiversegroupofconstituents.Ithinkthissetsapositivetoneandprecedentforahealthyandspiriteddiscussion.Asmanyofyoumayknow,reformingandimprovingourhealthcaresystemisanissuethatisclosetomyheart.Ibelievethatintherichestandmostpowerfulcountryintheworld,weoughttobeabletoprovide(basichealthcare)toallofourcitizens.Itisvitallyimportantthatwelessentheimpactandburdenofillnessonallpeopleincommunities,regardlessofrace,gender,orreligions.Ourdiscussionstodayarecriticallyimportanttorectifytheinjusticesthatmanypeoplefaceinourcurrenthealthcaresystem.Today’ssessionshaveagreaterpurposethanmerediscussionsandnetworkingopportunities----today’sconferencesignifiesanincreasedand(necessarycallforaction)amongourregion’stophealthprofessionals.Publichealthisdirectlyconnectedtopoverty,income,education,andcommunity.Wecant’lookathealthcareinasiloandassumeitisonlyaluxuryforthewelloff.Healthcareneedstobeprovidedtoallpeopleofallcolor.Wearemorallyresponsiblefor(improvingthedisparitiesinhealthcare)becauseahealthysocietyisthefoundationonwhichwebuildourschools,ourneighborhoods,andoureconomy.Healthcareisnotaprivilege----itisaright.Iknowwehavealongroadtotravelinachievingequalityinhealthstatus.Iknowthateveryonehereknowsthis.AndIamhopefulthatperhapsmorepeoplethaneverare(finallywakinguptothisreality).
PartC1原文3个选择题
TherewereveryfewplacesintheworldthatJulesVerne,thewriter,,didnotvisit.Hewentroundtheworldahundredtimesormore.Oncehediditineightydays,unheardofinthenineteenthcentury.Hevoyagedsixtythousandmilesunderthesea,touredaroundthemoon,explodedthecenteroftheearth,andchattedwithnativesinAustralia.JulesVerne,theman,wasastay-at-home.Hewasmorelikelytobetiredfromwritingthanfromtraveling.HedidmakeafewvisitstoEuropeandNorthAfrica.Andhemadeonesix-weektourofNewYorkState.Butthatwasall.Hespentlessthanoneofhisseventy-sevenyearsreallytraveling.Yethewastheworld’smostextraordinarytourist.Hisbooksarecrowdedwithhuntingandfishingexpeditions.Julesactuallywenthuntingonlyonce.Thenheraisedhisgunandshotofftheguard’shat!
Heneverheldatesttubeinhishand.Buthewasaninspirationtothescientistinthelaboratory.Longbeforeradiowasinvented,hehadTVworkinginhisbooks.Hisnameforitwasphono-telephoto.HehadhelicoptersfiftyyearsbeforetheWrightbrothersflewtheirfirstplaneatKittyHawk.Infact,therewerefewwondersofthetwentiethcenturythatthismanofthenineteenthcenturydidnotforesee.Inhisstoriesyoucanreadaboutneonlights,movingsidewalks,air-conditioners,sky-scrapers,guidedmissiles,tanks,electricallyoperatedsubmarines,andair-planes,andsoon.
第一个问题问这个人是干什么的选thewriter
PartC2原文第2篇3个选择题
Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem.Theirvalues—thiscan’tberepeatedtoooften—arenotnecessarilyourvalues.Physicalcomfort,cleannessandorderarenotnecessarilythemostimportantthings.Thesocialservicesfromtimetotimefindthemselvesfacedwithaflatwithdecayingfoodcoveredbysmallworms,andanoldpersonlyingaloneinbed,takingnonoticeoftheworms.Butisitinterferingwithpersonalfreedomtoinsistthattheygotolivewithsomeoftheirrelativessothattheymightbetakenbettercareof?
Somesocialworkers,theoneswhoclearuptheworms,thinkweareindangerofcarryingthisconceptofpersonalfreedomtothepointwhereseriousrisksarebeingtakenwiththehealthandsafetyoftheold.Indeed,theoldcanbeeasilyhurtorharmed.Thebodyislikeacar,itneedsmoremechanicalmaintenanceasitgetsolder.Youcancarrythiscomparisonrightthroughtotheprovisionofspareparts.Butneverforgetthatsuchoperationsarepainfulexperiences,howevergoodtheresultswillbe.Andatwhatpointshouldyoustoptotreattheoldbody?
Isitmorallyrighttotrytopushoffdeathbyseekingthedevelopmentofdrugstoexcitetheforgetfuloldmindandtoactivatetheoldbody,knowingthatitisdesignedtodie?
Youcan’taskdoctorsorscientiststodecide,becausesolongastheycanseethetechnicalopportunities,theywillfeelboundtogivethematry,ontheprinciplethatwhilethere’slife,there’shope.
第三篇
Animalsdonotpossessalanguageinthetruesenseoftheword.Inthehighervertebrates,asalsoininsects,particularlyinthesociallylivingspeciesofbothgreatgroups,everyindividualhasacertainnumberofinmatemovementsandsoundsforexpressingfeelings.Ithasalsoinnatewaysofreactingtothesesignalswheneveritseesorhearstheminafellow-memberofthespecies.Thehighlysocialspeciesofbirdssuchasthejackdaworthegraylaggoose,haveacomplicatedcodeofsuchsignalswhichareutteredandunderstoodbyeverybirdwithoutanypreviousexperience.Theperfectco-ordinationofsocialbehaviourwhichisbroughtaboutbytheseactionsandreactionsconveystothehumanobservertheimpressionthatthebirdsaretalkingandunderstandingalanguageoftheown.Ofcourse,thispurelyinnatesignalcodeofananimalspeciesdiffersfundamentallyfromhumanlanguage,everywordofwhichmustbelearnedlaboriouslybythehumanchild.Moreover,beingageneticallyfixedcharacterofthespecies—justasmuchasanybodilycharacter—thisso-calledlanguageis,foreveryindividualanimalspecies,ubiquitousinitsdistribution.Obviousthoughthisfactmayseem,itwas,nevertheless,withsomethingakintonaïvesurprisethatIheardthejackdawsinnorthernRussia“talk”exactlythesame,familiar“dialect”asmybirdsathomeinAltenberg.Thesuperficialsimilaritybetweentheseanimalutterancesandhumanlanguagesdiminishesfurtherasitbecomesgraduallycleartotheobserverthattheanimal,inallthesesoundsandmovementsexpressingitsemotions,hasinnowaytheconsciousintentionofinfluencingafellowmemberofitsspecies.Thisisprovedbythefactthatevengeeseorjackdawsrearedandkeptsinglymakeallthesesignalsassoonasthecorrespondingmoodovertakesthem.Underthesecircumstancestheautomaticandevenmechanicalcharacterofthesesignalsbecomesstrikinglyapparentandrevealsthemasentirelydifferentfromhumanwords.
二.(15题,15分)单选题(顺序打乱了)
Thetwofriendssatinacornerand__B__awaytoeachotherabouttheweather.
a.talked b.chatted c.muttered d.whispered
Heisgoingto__D__themeetingonthesubjectofwarandpeaceinaminute.
a.speak b.talk c.remark d.address
Althoughnotaneconomisthimself,Dr.Smithhaslongbeenaseverecriticofthegovernment's___A___policies.
a.economic b.economical c.economy d.economics
Therearenotmanyteacherswhoarestrong_C_oftraditionalmethodsinEnglishteaching.
a.sponsors b.contributors c.advocates d.performers
Afriendshipmaybe___B___,casual,situationalordeepandlasting.
a.identical b.superficial c.critical d.original
Nobodyyetknowshowlongandhowseriouslytheshakinessinthefinancialsystemwill_C_downtheeconomy.
a.put b.settle c.drag d.knock
Weare_D_totheidea,butwedoubtwhetherthetimeisripetoput