中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练 4.docx
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中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练4
中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练
中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换对应表
短暂性动词
延续性动词
现在完成时
arriveat(in)getto/reach
come/go/moveto.
bein/at
havebeenin/at
comeback//goback/
return
beback
havebeenback
comeout/goout
beout
havebeenout
become
be
havebeen
close
beclosed
havebeenclosed
open(v)
beopen(adj.)
havebeenopen
getup
beup
havebeenup
die
bedead
havebeendead
leave
beawayfrom
havebeenawayfrom
fallasleep/gettosleep
beasleep
havebeenasleep
finish/end
beover
havebeenover
marry/getmarried
bemarried
havebeenmarried
begin/start
beon
havebeenon
borrow
keep
havekept
buy
have
havehad
puton
wear
catch/getacold
haveacold
havehadacold
gettoknow
know
haveknown
have/hasgoneto
have/hasbeenin
jointheleague/theParty/thearmy
beamember/membersof;
bein
havebeenamember/membersof;
havebeenin
语法讲解:
1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态,一直持续到现在,并可以和以 for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,也可以用在以“how long”提问的句子中,句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。
例:
He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago.
When did the train arrive here?
B. How long ____ the train ____ here?
2.在现在完成时的肯定句中,非延续性动词作谓语动词时,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。
例:
Lucyhascomeback.
The old man died 4 years ago. =The old man has been dead for 4 years.
He has been away from Beijing for two years.
= He left Beijing two years ago.
= It is two years since he left Beijing.
= Two years has passed since he left Beijing.
3.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语,并可以与for,since引导的时间状语连用,表示动作的延续过程。
例如:
She hasn’t bought any new clothes since last year.
I haven’t borrowed the book for a long time.
巩固习题:
1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes.
A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away
2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.
A. joined B. have joined C. have been in
3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988.
A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened
4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000.
A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become
5.The meeting _______ for a week now.
A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over
6.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.
A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught
7.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .
A. has been B. has become C. was D. became
8. I ______ home for a week.
A. have returned B. have been back C. returned
9. How long _______ he ________ ?
A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead
10. ----- How long can I ______ the book?
------ Two weeks.
A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep
11.He ________ the car for a week.
A. bought B. has bought C. has had
12.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ?
-----Two weeks.
A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been
13.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.
A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from
14.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.
A. borrow B. keep C. take
15.The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far.
A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been
16. Tom is ill in hospital. He _______ a cold for several days.
A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had
17.He ________ for 2 hours.
A. got up B. has got up C. has been up
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2.下周一下午轮到你在英语课上做课堂报告,你打算把你爸爸最近网购的音乐机器人(musicrobot)介绍给同学们。
下图是关于这个音乐机器人的广告,请你根据所提供的信息写一份发言稿。
我是能听会说的小音乐机器人,只要你对我说歌曲的名字,我就能唱给你听。
我还有其他本领……
参考词汇:
small,clever,askitaboutweather,problemsinstudy,remindyouofimportantdates,convenient
要求:
1.参考提示,可适当发挥;
2.语句涌顺,意思连贯,书写工整;
3.文中不得出现个人真实信息;
Goodmorning,everyone!
Here,I’dliketointroducethemusicrobotmyfatherboughtonline._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Goodmorning,everyone!
Here,I'dliketointroducethemusicrobotmyfatherboughtonline.Itissmall,soyoucanevencarryitinyourbackpack.AfteryouconnectittotheInternetandspeaktoit,itcanprovidedifferentkindsofservices.Forexample,youjustsay,"DingDong,IwanttolistentoSHE'ssongs",anditwillplaytheirsongsimmediately.Youcanalsoaskitaboutweatherorevenyourproblemsinstudy.Besides,itcanremindyouofimportantdatesandsoon.
Iamsoamazedatmymusicrobotbecauseitmakesmylifemoreenjoyableandconvenient.Ireallyloveit!
【解析】
【分析】
这篇书面表达主要描述爸爸最近给“我”买的音乐机器人。
【详解】
这是篇材料作文。
内容上首先要介绍这个音乐机器人,其次表达为什么“我”要介绍这个机器人,也就是对它的喜爱。
在写作时,首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型,在能力范围之内,选择句式时要赋予变化,这样才可以更好的驾驭。
同时也要选择合适的连接词,把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体。
3.假如你即将在学校英语兴趣小组的活动中发言,请你用英语写一篇发言稿。
要点提示如下:
(1)几个月前,奶奶晚饭后去跳广场舞(dosquaredancing)。
(2)从那时起,奶奶喜欢上了广场舞。
(3) 现在,奶奶比以前健康了,有了很多朋友。
(4) 有些邻居有意见,认为音乐很吵,无法入睡。
(5) 你认为人们可以跳广场舞,但……
要求:
(1)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
(2)要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥。
Boysandgirls,
I’mveryhappytospeakhereandI’dliketotalkaboutmygrandma.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’sall.Thankyou!
【答案】Boysandgirls,
I’mveryhappytospeakhereandI’dliketotalkaboutmygrandma.
Afewmonthsago,mygrandmawenttodosquaredancingaftersupper.Sincethen,shehasbeeninlovewithsquaredancing.Now,sheismuchhealthierthanbefore.What’smore,shehasalotoffriends.However,someneighborshaveacomplaintagainstthepeoplewhodosquaredancing.Theythinkthatthemusicissoloudthattheycan’tfallasleepatnight.
Inmyopinion,peoplecandosquaredancingbecauseitisagoodwaytokeephealthy.Buttheyshouldthinkaboutthefeelingsofothersandtheyshouldn’tmakealotofnoise.
That’sall.Thankyou!
【解析】
这是一篇给材料作文,根据要点提示写一篇学校英语兴趣小组的活动中的发言稿。
要注意随着文章推进时态的变化,一开始应该选择一般过去时,而后面应该选用一般现在时,最后表达自己观点的时候也应该使用一般现在时。
人称为第一,三人称,注意主谓一致关系,构思文章框架,列举出可能会用到的好词好句,记住千万不能漏写信息要点。
参考词汇就是必用词汇,一定要运用到文章当中。
在写作中注意运用恰当的连词,使文章更加顺畅,自然。
4.假如你是班长李华,今天你们班对即将到来的暑假计划进行了讨论。
你们班的外教David对此很感兴趣。
请你根据以下信息,给David写一封电子邮件,告诉他讨论的情况及你自己本人的计划及原因。
比例
计划
原因
50%
去国内外旅游
1.放松;2.欣赏美景
30%
多读一些书
1.增长知识;2.培养兴趣
20%
参加社会实践
1.锻炼自己;2.结识朋友
你的计划
?
(至少一个)
?
(请你补充)
注意:
(1)邮件应包含所有要点
(2)词数80个左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入词数);
(3)不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分
注:
社会实践socialpracticeactivities
DearDavid
I'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutourdiscussiontoday.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bestwishes!
Yours
LiHua
【答案】DearDavid
I'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutourdiscussiontoday.
Thestudentshavetheirownplansabouthowtospendameaningfulsummervacation.Halfofthestudentsplantotravelathomeandabroad.Theywanttorelaxandenjoythebeautifulscenery.Thirtypercentofstudentsplantoreadmorebooks.Theybelievethatreadingcanincreaseknowledge.Readingbookscanmakepeoplesmartanddevelopinterests.20%ofthemplantotakepartinsocialpracticeactivities.Theywanttoexercisethemselvesandmakenewfriends.
I'mgoingtotakepartinsocialpracticeactivities,too.Iwanttolearnsomethingnewandgetgoodexperiencefromtheseactivities.
Bestwishes!
Yours
LiHua
【解析】
【详解】
这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语,为文章增色不少,如howtodo,spendameaningfulsummervacation,halfof,plantodo,travelathomeandabroad,enjoythebeautifulscenery,takepartin,socialpracticeactivities,makenewfriends等。
而非谓语动词结构Thestudentshavetheirownplansabouthowtospendameaningfulsummervacation./Readingbookscanmakepeoplesmartanddevelopinterests.和宾语从句Theybelievethatreadingcanincreaseknowledge.的运用,丰富了短文内容,使表达多样化,是本文的亮点。
在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语,写作时就可以适当引用,使文章表达更有逻辑性,也更富有条理。
【点睛】
书面表达题既不是汉译英,也不是可任意发挥的作文。
它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维,考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。
所以,考生不能遗漏要点,要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式,尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。
5.书面表达
我的英语学习
初中即将毕业,你在英语学习方面积累了较多的经验与方法,请你向你的表弟介绍你的做法,根据下面表格中的内容,按要求用英语写一篇短文,
多听
听收音机,听音乐等,可以放松......
多说
运用英语,增强能力与信心......
多读书
开阔视野,了解英语文化......
语法规则
更好地理解与运用......
写作
写写日常生活......
其他
......
要求:
1.语句通顺,意思连贯,语法正确,书写规范;
2.必须包含表格中所有内容,并作适当发挥
3.行文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名;
4.词数80-100。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】MyEnglishStudy
Howtimeflies!
Mythree-yearmiddleschoollifewillbeoversoon.Lookingback,IhavemanymemoriesofmyEnglishstudy.
First,listenmore.ListeningtotheradioisagoodwaytolearnEnglish.WecanrelaxourselvesbylisteningtoEnglishsongs.Second,saymore.UsespokenEnglishwhencommunicatingwithclassmates.SpeakingEnglishcanenhancetheabilityandconfidencetolearnEnglishwell.Third,readmoreEnglishbooks.ReadingcanbroadenourhorizonandhelpusunderstandEnglishculture.Inaddition,learnsomegrammarrulestobetterunderstandanduseEnglis