高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点.docx

高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点.docx

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高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点

情态动词与虚拟语气

常考考点一情态动词+havedone

情态动词+havedone表示对过去的虚拟

情态动词+havedone

用法

例句

musthavedone

想必，准是，一定已经做了

否定式为can’t/couldn’thavedone

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitemuddy.

can/couldhavedone

本来能够做

可能做了

Hecouldhavefinishedtheworkintime.

Can/Couldhehavegonetohisaunt’s?

Cannot/couldnothavedone

不可能已经做了

Hecannothaveforgottenit.

Hecouldn’thaveforgottenit.

may/mighthavedone

可能已经做了

It’stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.

Hemaynothavefinishedthework.

他也许还没完成那项工作

Should/oughttohavedone

本该做，而实际上未做

Yououghttohavedonetheworkmorecarefully.

needn’thavedone

本不必做而做了

Youneedn’thavetakenataxihere,foritwasveryneartomyhouse.

hadbetterhavedone

当时最好做了

Youhadbetternothavescoldedher.要是那时你没责骂她就好了。

Youhadbetterhavefoundajob.

要是当时你找到一份工作就好了

wouldratherhavedone

宁愿当时做了

Iraisedobjectionsatthemeeting,butnowIwouldrathernothavedonethat.

wouldlike/lovetohavedone

过去愿意做但未做成

Iwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnight,butIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishthework.

1.Ihavewatchedthatmovieit’llgivemehorribledreams.

A.Shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t

2.Markhavehurried.Afterdrivingattopspeed,hearrivedhalfanhourearly.

A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t

3.----Sorry,ProfessorSmith.Ididn’tfinishtheassignmentyesterday.

-----Oh,youhavedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.

A.mustB.mustn’tC.shouldD.shouldn’t

4.IthavebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.

A.mayB.canC.mustD.should

5.Hedidn’tregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthatheitdifferently.

A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed

6.-----I’msorry.Iatyoutheotherday.

------Forgetit,Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.

C.mustn’tshoutD.mustn’thaveshouted

7.-----Whereismydictionary?

IrememberIputithereyesterday.

-------Youitinthewrongplace.

A.mustputB.shouldhaveputC.mightputD.mighthaveput

8.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday,Ithetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.

A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn’thavetaken

D.mustn’thavetaken

9.Asyouworkedlateyesterday,youhavecomethismorning.

A.mayn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t

10.-----Howdidyoudoonthedrivingtest?

---------Notsowell.Imuchbetter,butIwastoonervous.

A.woulddoB.couldhavedoneC.mustn’thavedoneD.shoulddo

11.youhavebrokenyourpromise;Youpaintingthehouselongago.

A.couldhavefinishedB.hadbetterfinish

C.musthavefinishedD.shouldhavefinished

12.------Ididn’tgofishinglastSundaybecausemycarbrokedown.

----------youmine.Iwasn’tusingit.

A.shouldborrowB.couldhaveborrowed

C.couldborrowD.musthaveborrowed

13.Mynewly-purchasedmagazineisnowheretobefound.Ihaveleftitonthetrain?

A.CouldB.ShouldC.MustD.Would

14.Youthemeetingtotellmethat.youcouldhavecomeuptomeafterwards.

A.shouldhavecometoB.needn’thaveinterrupted

C.oughttoattendD.mustn’tgoto

15.-----Whatareyoudoing,dear?

-------I’mwatchingthefootballgame.

-------What?

Youyourhomeworkfirst.

A.wouldhavedoneB.musthavedone

C.shouldhavedoneD.mayhavedone

二．情态动词常考情况

1.can表客观存在的可能

如：

Accidentscanhappenonsuchrainydays.

Drivingonthehighwaycanbedangerous

2.shall可以表示命令，警告，威胁，许诺，宣布法律规定时也要用shall.

Youshallleavetheroomatonce.

Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.

Heaskedmeforthisbookmanytimes.Pleasetellhimheshallhaveittomorrow.

Myfathertoldme,“Youshallhaveacomputeronyour18thbirthday.”

3.Maywell与mayaswell

maywell+动词原形，表示很可能

Hemaywellbeproudofhisson.

Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.

mayaswell+动词原形，表示“最好，满可以，倒不如”

Youmayaswelldoitatonce.

Wemayaswellstaywhereweare.

4.must表示偏要，硬要

Mustyoumakesomuchnoise?

Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegoout.

情态动词基本用法

can,could

表能够，可能

can’t,couldn’t

不会，不能够，不可能

may

可能，征询许可

might

可能

should

应该，惊讶

oughtto

应该，

must

必须，肯定的猜测

mustn’t

一定不要

needn’t,don’tneedto

不必

shall

询问意见，表警告，威胁，许诺，规定

would

表意愿，习惯

练习

1.Itisusuallywarminmyhometowninmarch,butitberathercoldsometimes

A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would

2.Peterbereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhe’sanicepersoningeneral.

A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must

3.Don’tletyourheadoutofamovingbus,whichleadtoaterribledisaster.

A.canB.shouldC.mustD.will

4.-----CanIpaythebillbycheck?

--------Sorry,sir.Butitisthemanagementrulesofourhotelthatpaymentbemadeincash.

cation

5.-----Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?

--------“Nopersonsmokeorcarryacigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.”

A.WillB.mayC.shallD.must

6.------Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.

-------Don’tworry,youhaveitbyFriday.

A.CouldB.shallC.mustD.may

7.Beingexamedtwiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydriverobeyinthiscity.

A.shallB.canC.oughttoD.need

8.-----Mum,wouldyoupleasebuymeanMP5player?

----Ifyoucanhelpdosomehouseworkthewholevacation,youhaveoneasareward.

A.mustB.needC.wouldD.shall

9.Itisasetrulethatallpaymentbemadebytheendofthemonth.

A.willB.shallC.canD.may

10.Lisawellnotwanttogoonthetrip.Shehatestravelling.

A.willB.canC.mustD.may

11.------Theworkwilltakemeanotherweek.I’mreallytired.

-------Ithinkyouaswellconsultanexperiencedworker.

A.mayB.canC.needD.must

12.Ifyoutalkaboutitwithme,pleasewaittillIfinishmyworkathand.

A.canB.mayC.mustD.should

13.Nick,stopscreaminglikecrasy!

Whyyouwatchthatstupidfootballmatchatoneinthemorning?

A.shallB.wouldC.shouldD.must

14.Ifyougo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.

A.canB.mayC.mustD.will

15.-----MayIsmokehere?

-------Ifyou,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.

A.ShouldB.couldC.mayD.must

16.-------Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight?

-------Iwantedto,butmymumsimplynotletmeoutsolateatnight.

A.couldB.mightC.wouldD.should

17.------Areyougoingtothelecturetomorrowafternoon?

-------I’mnotsurenow.IgotoProfessorBlack’sclassinstead.

A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.must

18.-----Ibookatablefordinnerafewdsaysaheadoftime?

-------Yes,you.Therestaurantisalwaysfull,especiallyduringtheholidays.

A.Must;willB.Must;canC.shall;shallD.shall;must

19.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemanbesorudetoalady.

A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would

20.MyMP4isn’tinmybag.WhereIhaveputit?

A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would

三.虚拟语气主从句时态

虚拟条件句

主句

与现在事实相反的假设

If+主语+动词过去式（be动词用were）

主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形

IfIwereyou（WereIyou）,Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad.

与过去事实相反的假设

If+主语+haddone

主语+should/would/could/might+havedone

Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice（Hadyoutakenmyadvice）,youwouldnothavefailedtheexam.

与将来事实相反的假设

1.If+主语+动词过去式

2.If+主语+wereto+do

3If+主语+shoulddo

主语+should/would/could/might+do

Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow（Shouldhenotcometomorrow）,weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextMonday.

练习

1------Johnwenttothehospitalalone.

-------Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.

A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold

2.------Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.

-------Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!

Andmyvegetables.

A.wouldn’tdieB.didn’tdieC.hadn’tdiedD.wouldn’thavedied

3.Ifwetheotherroad,mighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.

A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken

4.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.

A.wouldhavebeensavedB.hadbeensavedC.willbesavedD.wassaved

5.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.

A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow

6.befired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswouldn’tbeimmediatelycutoff.

AwouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube

7.IfEnglishincludedintheexaminations,fewstudentswouldchooseit.

A.weren’tB.isn’tC.hasn’tbeenD.hadn’tbeen

8.----Mike,It’sapityyoudidn’tcometolastnight’sconcert.Itwasreallygreat!

-------Really?

IfIsobusy,Iwouldhavegonewithyou.

A.hadn’tbeenB.weren’tC.shouldn’tbeD.wouldn’tbe

9.ittoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff

untilthesametimenextweek.

A.Should;/B.If;shouldC.Were;/D.If;weregoing

10.forthefactthatshegothitbyacarandbrokeherlegonherwaytoschool,shemighthavepassedtheexam.

A.HaditnotbeenB.Hadn’titbeen

C.WasitnotD.Wereitnot

把下列句子变成省略if的形式

1.Ifhehadtoldmeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.

2.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetter.

3.Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintime.

4.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldn’tgohiking.

5.Ifhewereabird,hewouldflyintheskyhappily

四.介词短语中的虚拟语气

用介词短语代替条件句,常见的介词有:

without,butfor

eg:

Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.

=Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.

=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.

练习

1.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek,Idon’tthinkwe

Itwithoutyou.

A.canmanageB.couldhavemanaged

C.