Internet的主要应用Major applications of the Internet.docx

Internet的主要应用Major applications of the Internet.docx

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Internet的主要应用MajorapplicationsoftheInternet

Internet的主要应用（MajorapplicationsoftheInternet）

Theworldwideweb（WorldWideWeb,WWW,or73）isalsoknownasWton,whichisoneofthemajorapplicationsoftheInternet.ThroughHyperText（HyperText）,WWWprovidesuserswithall-roundmultimediainformation,thusprovidingInternetuserswithanewwayofobtaininginformationandsharinginformation.

TheInternetprofessionalmanagementorganizationistheInerNIC,whichistheadministrativecenteroftheinternationalInternet.ItsmainjobistoallocateIPaddress,managedomainnameresourcesandunifyresourcelocator.

1.Theworldwideweb

Theworldwideweb（WWW）isaglobalinformationresourcenetworkthatintegratesmultimediainformationsuchastext,sound,imageandvideoontheInternet.ItisanimportantpartoftheInternet.Browser（Browser）isthebridgetotheWWWandWWWinformationwindow,throughtheBrowser,userscanroamintheoceansoftheInternet,alloftheinformationsearchandbrowsetheirinterestedin.

WWW'swebpageiswritteninhyperfilemarkuplanguageHTMLandrunsunderhyperfiletransferprotocolHTTPsupport.Hypertextnotonlycontainsthetextinformation,includinggraphics,sound,image,videoandothermultimediainformation（thehypertextandhypermedia）said,moreimportantisimplicitinthehypertextlinkstotheotherhypertext,thislinkiscalledHyperLinks（HyperLinks）useofhypertext,userscaneasilyfromoneweblinkstootherrelevantcontentonawebpage,withouthavingtocareaboutthesescatteredwebpageswherethehost.

TheWWWbrowserisaclientprogramwhoseprimaryfunctionistoenableuserstoaccessvariousresourcesontheInternet.CommonlyusedbrowserisMicrosoft'sInternetExplorer（IE）andtheNavigator/COIIIII111dayiCator.SUNalsodevelopedabrowserIfotJavawritteninJava.Javaisanew,independentofthevariousoperatingsystemsandplatformsofthedynamicinterpretedlanguage,Javawebbrowsershaveadynamiceffect,providesreal-timeinteractivefunctionforthemachineusers.Javaiscurrentlysupportedbycommonlyusedbrowsers.

E-mailE-mail

E-mailisthemostwidelyusedserviceontheInternet.UserscanconnecttoInterIIet,withprogramstosendandreceiveE-mail,youcanwithallE-mailusersontheInternetisconvenient,fastexchangeE-mail,alsocansendmultipleuserswithanemail,orwillreceivethemailforwardedtootherusers.Inadditiontotext,youcanalsoincludeaudio,image,applicationandotherdocuments.Inaddition,userscansubscribetoe-magazinesonline,getrequireddocuments,andparticipateinrelevantdiscussiongroups.

Emailmusthavecorrespondingsoftwaresupport.ThecommonlyusedemailprogramsincludeExchangeand011tholt-express,whichprovidemailreceiving,editing,sendingandmanagingfunctions.Mailserverusingtheprotocolhasasimplemailtransferprotocol（SMTP（SimpleMailTrmsferProtocol）,E-mail,expandedagreementMIME（MultipurposeInternetMailExtensions）andpostofficePOP（PostOfficeProtocol）.

ThePOPserviceisprovidedbythemailserverandtheusermustobtainanaccountonthemailservertousetheservice.ThepopularPOPprotocol,whichiscurrentlyusedinthethirdedition,isalsoknownasthePOP3protocol.

3.TheUsenet

Usenetreferstoavarietyofthematicdiscussiongroups.Usendisusedtopublishannouncements,news,reviews,andvariousarticlesforonlineuserstouseanddiscuss.Thecontentofthediscussionisorganizedbydifferentthematicclassifications,eachofwhichisataskgroup,knownasanewsgroup,andtherearemoresub-topicswithinit.

EverynewsUsendguidedbyadistinctionbetweentypesoftags,eachnewsgroupsaroundatheme,suchascomp.（computerscience）,MWS.Newsandinformation（Usermtitself）,therec（sports,artsandentertainment）,sci.（scienceandtechnology）,SOCJ（social）,talke（thediscussion）,misc.（other）,biz.{businessissues）interestedinadditiontothetwouserscanchoosetoparticipateintheprojectteam,alsocanopenanewtaskonyourown.Aslongassomeoneisinvolved,thetaskgroupcanremain;Ifnooneparticipatesforawhile,thetaskgroupisautomaticallydeleted.

4.FTPfiletransfer

UserswillbeontheFTPfiletransferserviceallowsIrlternetonacomputer'sfiletransfertoanotherstage,almostalltypesoffiles,includingthetextfile,binaryexecutablefilesoundfiles,imagefiles,datacompression,etc.,canuseFTPFTPfiletransferserviceisasetofsoftware,beforeitforfiletransferinterface,usingasimplegetorputcommandtodownloadoruploadfileslikeonIIItemetexecutablecopycommand.MostFTPserverhostsusetheUnixoperatingsystem,butordinaryuserscaneasilyuseFTPviaWindows.

ThebiggestfeatureofFTPisthatuserscanusenumerousanonymousFTPserversontheInternet.Anonymousserversrefertosystemsthatdonotrequirespecialusernamesandpasswords.WhenauserconnectstoananonymousFTPserver,youcanuse"anonymous"asausernameandloginasapasswordwithyourE-mailaddress.Whentheloginissuccessful,theusercandownloadthefilefromthedoctor'sserver.Thestandarddirectoryforanonymousserversispubanduserscanusuallyaccessfilesinallsubdirectoriesinthatdirectory.MostanonymousFTPserversdonotallowuserstouploadfilesbasedonsecurityconcerns.

Makearemotelandingonhind

TelnetistheprotocolfortheInternetremoteloginservice,whichdefineshowremoteloginusersinteractwiththeserver.

Telnetallowsuserstologontoaremotetime-sharingsystemonanetworkedcomputer,andthenusetheremotesystemasiftheywereusingtheirowncomputers.

Tousetheremoteloginservice,youmuststarttheclientapplicationonthelocalcomputer,specifythenameoftheremotecomputer,andestablishaconnectionthroughtheInternet.Oncetheconnectionissuccessful,thelocalcomputercandirectlyaccesstheresourcesoftheremotecomputersystem.Remoteloginsoftwareallowsuserstointeractdirectlywithremotecomputers,

Withakeyboardormouseoperation,theclientapplicationsendstherelevantinformationtotheremotecomputer,andthentheserverreturnstheoutputtotheuser.Aftertheuserexitstheremotelogin,theuser'skeyboardanddisplaycontrolarereturnedtothelocalcomputer.TheusercanloginremotelythroughtheTelnetclientofWindow.

e-commerce

E-commercereferstotheuseofcomputernetworksforbusinessactivities,whichconnectscustomers,vendors,suppliersandemployees.Itreferstotheelectronic,networkingandautomationofbusinessactivities.

7.TheInternettelecommunication

UsuallyreferstotheInternettocompletethevoice,fax,videotransmissionandothertelecommunicationservices.IPtelephonyisthemostcommonlyusedInternet

Telecommunications'business,alsoknownasInternetphoneorInternetphone.

VoiceofIPphoneistouseIP（Internet/Intranet）datanetworkfortransmission.Voice（analogsignal）firstbythedigitalsignalprocessor（DSP）convertsittodigitalsignal,thenthedigitalsignaliscompressedintoamoreconvenientfornetworktransmissionofdatapackets,andafterthat,throughtheInterlettotransmitthepackettothedestination,thereverseprocessatthedestinationtounzip,unpacking,conversion,/deliveredtotheotherreceiver.Duetoadoptthewayof"storingaforwarding"intheInternettransferpackets,isnotanexclusivecircuit,andalargeproportionofcompressionofspeechsignalprocessing,therefore,IPphonebandwidthisonly8~lOkb/s,lessthan1/8oftheanalogphonethebandwidthrequired,plustheInternetbillingdatatransmissionwayhasnothingtodowithdistance,naturalgreatlysavethelongdistancecommunicationcosts.

8.Ip-basedvideobusiness

SuchapplicationsmainlyincludelPTVandInternetvideomeetings.

Basedonthedigitalvideocommunicationconference,TVhasbeendevelopingformorethan20years,andithasenteredanimportantstageoftransformationwiththeintegrationofthreenetworks（computernetwork,telecommunicationnetworkandcableTVnetwork）.Oneofthetransformationsisthetransmissionnetworkfoundation,thetransitionfromthededicatednetworktotheIPnetwork;Thesecondisthatthetargetedserviceswillbeextendedtosmallworkinggroupmeetings,personalworkingdesksandfamilyextensions.

ThecharacteristicsoftheInternet

FlexibleanddiversifiedaccesstotheInternetisanimportantreasonfortherapiddevelopmentofInternet.AnycomputerthatUSEStheTCP/IPprotocolisconnectedtoanyonenodeintheInternetandcanbepartoftheInternet.TheTCP/IPprotocolsuccessfullyaddressesthecompatibilityissuesbetweendifferenthardwareplatforms,differentwebproductsanddifferentoperatingsystems,andhasbecometheDEfactointernationalstandardforcomputercommunication.

TheInternethasadoptedthemostpopularcustomerserviceoperationmodeindistributednetwork,whichgreatlyincreasestheflexibilityofnetworkinformationservice.Theusercanmakerequestsfromtheclientprogramonhiscomputerandcommunicatewiththehostthathasthecorrespondingserverprogramtoobtaintheinformationneeded.

Internethasintegratednetworktechnology,multimediatechnologyandhypertexttechnology,whichembodiesthedevelopmenttrendofvariousinformationtechnologiestointegratewitheachother,andtrulyplaytheirduerole.

Internetprovidesnewmeansforteaching4scientificresearch,commercialadvertisement,telemedicinediagnosisandweatherforecast.

Internetservicechargesarelow.Lowfeestrategycanattractmoreuserstousethenetwork,thusformingavirtuouscircle.TheInternet'schargingstandardshavebeencompletelyacceptedbyusers.

With