高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book 5 Unit 5 First aid 新人教版.docx
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高考英语一轮复习知识排查突破book5Unit5Firstaid新人教版
【步步高】(新课标)2016高考英语一轮复习知识排查突破book5Unit5Firstaid新人教版
重点识记词汇
1.fallill生病 plexadj.复杂的
3.squeezeout榨出;挤出4.inplace在适当的位置;适当
5.anumberof若干;许多6.putone’shandson找到
7.overandoveragain反复;多次8.pourvt.&vi.倒;灌;注;涌
9.vitaladj.至关重要的;生死攸关的10.electricshock触电;电休克
11.barriern.屏障;障碍(物)12.squeezevt.&vi.榨;挤;压榨
13.symptomn.症状;征兆14.ceremonyn.典礼;仪式;礼节
15.chokevi.&vt.(使)噎住;(使)窒息16.essentialadj.最重要的;不可缺少的;本质的
17.swellvi.&vt.(swelled,swollen)(使)膨胀;隆起
18.aidn.&vt.帮助;援助;资助→firstaid(对伤患者的)急救
19.mildadj.轻微的;温和的;温柔的→mildlyadv.轻微地;温和地
20.infectionn.传染;传染病;感染→infectvt.感染;传染
21.makeadifference区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用
22.injuryn.损伤;伤害→injurev.受伤→injuredadj.受伤的
23.bleedvi.&vt.(bled,bled)流血→bloodn.血
24.temporaryadj.暂时的;临时的→temporarilyadv.暂时地;临时地
25.poisonn.毒药;毒害vt.毒害;使中毒→poisonousadj.有毒的
26.varietyn.变化;多样(化);多变(性)→variousadj.各种各样的→varyv.变化
27.unbearableadj.难以忍受的;不能容忍的→bearableadj.(反义词)可忍受的;支持得住的→bearvt.忍受vi.承受
28.wateryadj.(似)水的→watern.水vt.给……浇水
29.tightadj.牢的;紧的;紧密的→tightlyadv.紧地;牢牢地
30.firmadj.(动作)稳定有力的;坚定的→firmlyadv.坚固地;稳定地
31.braveryn.勇敢;勇气→braveadj.勇敢的
32.applyvt.涂;敷;搽;应用;运用vi.申请;请求;使用;有效→applicantn.申请人→applicationn.申请(书)
33.pressuren.压力;挤压;压迫(感)→pressv.压;按;压迫
34.treatvt.&vi.治疗;对待;款待n.款待;招待→treatmentn.治疗;疗法;对待
必背经典句式
1.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburneditcanbeveryserious.
因此你可以想象的到,如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。
2.Ifburnsareonarmsorlegs,keepthemhigherthantheheart,ifpossible.
如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部,要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。
3.Johnwasstudyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.
约翰正在房间里做功课,突然听到一声尖叫。
必背经典句式
4.ThereisnodoubtthatJohn’squickthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedMsSlade’slife.
毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术,挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
5.Doyouthinkitisworthwhiletotakeacourseinfirstaid?
你认为学习急救知识有价值吗?
构词记忆
edition/I′dIʃn/n.[C]版;版本;版次
exhibition/ˌeksI′bIʃn/n.[C]&[U]展览;展览会;展览品
expectation/ˌekspek′teIʃn/n.[C]&[U]期待;预期;期望
graduation/ˌɡrædjʊ′eIʃn/n.1.[U]毕业 2.[C]&[U]毕业典礼
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
A.语境填词
1.Whenyoufindsomeonehurt,youshouldperformfirstaid(帮助)assoonaspossible.
2.Whydoyouvaluemoneysomuch?
Isitessential(最重要的)tohappiness?
3.Thoseblackmailers(勒索者)intendedtosqueeze(压榨)moremoneyoutofthepupil.
4.Thecutonmyarmbled(流血)alotwhenIwashurtyesterday.
5.Anoldwomanwasfoundchoked(使窒息)todeath.
6.Moreandmorepeopleareridingelectric(电的)bikes.
7.He’scomplainingofalltheusualflusymptoms(征兆)—ahightemperature,headacheandsoon.
8.ThebiggestproblemIhavetofaceisthelanguagebarrier(障碍)whenIgoabroad.
9.Thecomplex(复杂的)operatingsystemsofcomputersaredifficultforsomeagedpeoplewholackknowledgeaboutcomputers.
10.Hisrudebehaviourisunbearable(难以忍受的)tohisclassmates,sohemakesfewfriendsinhisclass.
11.HavingexperiencedtheterribleearthquakeonMay12th,2008,theyoungboymadeafirm(坚定的)decisionthathewouldbeasoldierinthefuture.
12.Theopeningceremony(典礼)ofthe2008OlympicGamesdirectedbyZhangYimougaveasurprisetothewholeworldwhichwontheadmirationoftheworld.
B.用所给词的适当形式填空
13.Hewasverybraveabouthisoperation.Hisbraverymovedusdeeply.(brave)
14.Hehasbeenillfortwomonths.Andweareveryworriedabouthisillness.(ill)
15.Shecommittedsuicidebytakingpoisonlastnightafteraquarrelwithherhusband.Frequentquarrelsaretocoupleswhatpoisonoussnakesaretohumanlives,whichwillpoisonhusbandandwife’sfeelings.(poison)
16.Thecoffeeisveryhot.Don’tburnyourmouth,oryouwillreceiveseriousburns.(burn)
17.Woodoftenswellswhenwetandriversalwaysgetswollenwithmeltedsnow.(swell)
18.Infectedwiththedisease,manypeoplegotfrightenedbytheinfection.(infect)
19.Tomreceivedaslightinjurywhilemanyotherpeoplegotinjuredintheaccident.(injure)
20.Hetreatedhimselftoalongholidaybeforehereceivedaspecialtreatmentforhisnose.(treat)
21.Pressthisbuttontostarttheengine,sothepressureofthewaterturnsthiswheel.(press)
22.Idon’tknowwhysomanyapplicantshavehandedintheirapplicationstoapplyforsuchaneasyjob:
applyingtheointment(药膏)tothewound.(apply)
23.TomwasemployedasatemporaryworkerinahospitalandsoheworkedtemporarilyintheFirstAidCentreofthehospital.(temporary)
Ⅱ.短语运用
A.用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空
squeezeout,fallill,stick...to...,putone’shandsonsth.,dodamageto,makeadifference,apply...to...,presentsb.withsth.
24.Itisn’twhatyouhavedonebutwhatyouwilldothatmakesadifference.
25.Mykeymustbeheresomewhere,butIcan’tputmyhandsonitatthemoment.
26.Sincehefellill,hisdaughterhasbeenactingforhiminallhisaffairs.
27.Thisnewtechnologyhasbeenappliedtoagriculturesofar.
28.Hestuckastamptotheenvelopeandwalkedoutoftheroom.
29.Hewassqueezedoutofthejobmarketbyyoungpeople.
30.WhenMr.Brownleftthefirm,thedirectorpresentedhimwithagoldwatch.
31.Thesnowwasheavy,doingdamagetothefruittrees.
B.用方框内所给短语填空
32.Shelikeseverythingtobeinplacebeforeshestartsworking.
33.I’vewarnedyouoverandoveragainnottodosuchsillythings.
34.Youshouldlearnsomethingaboutfirstaidincaseyougetinjuredunexpectedly.
35.Stepbystephegainedthechild’sconfidenceandgotthewholestoryfromher.
Ⅲ.经典句式
36.Thechildrenwereplayingfootballhappilyontheplaygroundwhenitbegantorainheavily.
孩子们正在操场上高兴地踢足球,这时天开始下起大雨。
37.It’sworthwhiletaking/totakethetroubletoexplainajobfullytonewemployees.
给新雇员解释一下工作要求,费点事也是值得的。
38.—IhearBobhasbeenillinhospitalfordays.
—Ifso,let’sgotoseehim.
——我听说鲍勃住院几天了。
——如果这样的话,我们去看看他。
39.Thereissomedoubtwhetherwecanraiseenoughmoneyfortheproject.
我们能否为这项工程筹集到足够的资金尚有疑问。
40.Someoneisknockingatthedoor;whocanitbe?
有人在敲门,可能是谁?
1injuryn.伤口;伤害;损害
injurev.伤害;损害
injuredadj.受伤的
Atleasttheinjurygavemetimetobewithmyfriendsandfamily.
至少伤病让我有时间与我的朋友和家人呆在一起了。
[词义辨析] injure,hurt,harm,wound
(1)injure意为“伤害,损害”,一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害,也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。
(2)hurt意为“疼痛,受伤”,既可以指肉体上的伤害,尤指让身体某一部位受伤;也可以指精神上的伤害,常有强烈的疼痛感。
(3)harm意为“伤害”,用于肉体或精神上的伤害,有时也指引起不安或不便。
(4)wound意为“受伤,伤口”,通常指武器的伤害,如刀、枪等的伤害,尤其是指战场上的伤害。
[图解助记]
[夯实基础]
(1)用injure,hurt,harm,wound的适当形式填空
①Ithurtmetothinkthathewouldlietome.
②Twowomenhavebeenbadlyinjuredintheaccident.
③Luckilynoonegotwoundedinthebattle.
④Hehurthisbackwhenplayingsquash(壁球).
⑤Don’tharmyoureyesbyreadinginpoorlight.
(2)用injure的适当形式填空
①Only38oftheinjuredremainedinhospital.
②Thetwootherpassengersescapedseriousinjuries.
③Anumberofbombshaveexploded,seriouslyinjuringatleastfivepeople.
2essentialadj.必不可少的(necessary);最重要的(vital);本质的;基本的(fundamental);n.必需品;要点,要素;实质
beessentialto/for对……来说是重要的
It’sessentialtodo/that...……是必要的(that从句的谓语用“should+do”,should通常省略)
[多词一义] essential,important,vital
Itwasabsolutelyessentialtosetarealisticgoal.
把目标制定得现实可行是完全有必要的。
Theflatcontainedthebasicessentialsfordailylife.
那套公寓配有日常生活的基本必需品。
[夯实基础]
(1)Itisessentialthatyou(should)win(你赢得)thevoters’hearts.
(2)Sunandwaterareessentialto/for(对……必不可少)thegrowthofcrops.
(3)Accordingtothelatestresearch,gettingenoughsleepisessential(得到足够的睡眠是必不可少的)tomaintaininggoodhealthandreducingstress.
3treatn.招待;款待;v.以……态度对待;以……方式对待(behavetowards);把……看作(consider);治疗;招待;款待;请客
[应试指导] 在交际用语中的考查
treatsb.as...把某人看作……
treatsb.tosth.招待某人吃……
treatsb.withrespect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人
Mytreat.我请客。
Artietreatedmostwomenwithimpatience.
阿蒂对大多数女人都没有耐心。
Theboywastreatedforaminorheadwound.
那个男孩因头部轻伤接受了治疗。
[夯实基础]
(1)语法填空
①Policesaythey’retreatingitasacaseofattemptedmurder.
②Shealwaystreatshimtoicecream.
③We’vegottotreatpeoplewithrespectanddignity.
(2)Ifhewastreatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved.
①Iftreatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved.(改为省略句)
②Treatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)
4applyvt.&vi.涂(putorspreadsth.ontoasurface);应用(use);(对……)适用;申请(makearequest);努力学习;涉及(concern,relate)
[应试指导] 申请类写作高频词汇
apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申请某物
applyto适合
applysth.tosth.把某物应用(涂抹)于……
applyoneselfto(=beappliedto)致力于/集中精力于……
applicationn.申请(书);用途
applicantn.申请人
Applysomemedicinetohiswound.
给他的伤口上点药吧。
Tomwoulddoverywellifonlyheappliedhimself.
要是专心致志,汤姆会做得很好的。
[夯实基础]
(1)用apply的适当形式填空
①Thenewtechnology,ifappliedtoricegrowing,willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.
②Hisapplicationformembershipoftheorganizationwasrejected.
③Iftheapplicantisnotatruecandidateforthejob,donotinterviewhim.
(2)Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.
①Applyingyourselftothejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)
②Appliedtothejobinhand,you’llsoonfinishit.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
5makeadifference区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用(haveaneffect/influenceon)
makeno/littledifferenceto对……没有/几乎没有影响
makemuchdifferenceto对……有很大影响
tellthedifferencebetween...and...说出……和……的不同
beofno/little/much/greatdifference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用
Evenifyouhadtriedtohelpit,itwouldn’thavemadeanydifference.
即使你曾试图帮忙,结果也不会有什么不同。
Whatyousaidjustnowmadenodifferencetohim.
你刚才说的话对他没有什么影响。
[夯实基础]
(1)Itmakesnodifferencetomewhetherhecomeshereornot.
他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。
(2)Canyoutellthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?
你能区别这两个单词吗?
6getdone被……
[应试指导] get后跟非谓语动词的考查
getpaid得到报酬 getmarried结婚
getinjured/hurt受伤getburned烧伤
getinfected感染getseparated分离
getdamaged毁掉getbroken坏掉
getrepaired修理getdressed穿上衣服
getchanged换衣服getdrunk喝醉
Shegotburnedwhenshewascookingyesterday.
她昨天做饭时被烫伤了。
Hewentoutandgotdrunk.他出去喝醉了。
[特别提醒]
getdone结构既可以表示被