英语四级听力1文字材料.docx

英语四级听力1文字材料.docx

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英语四级听力1文字材料

2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题

（一）听力部分scripts

SectionA

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

（1）TheInternationalLaborOrganizationsaysthenumberofpeoplewithoutjobsisincreasing.Initslatestupdateonglobalemploymenttrends,theagencysaysprojectionsofthenumberofunemployedpeoplethisyearrangefrom210milliontonearly240millionpeople.Thereportwarnsthat200millionpoorworkersareatriskofjoiningtheranksofpeoplelivingonlessthan2dollarsperdayinthepastthreeyears.

（2）TheDirector-GeneraloftheInternationalLaborOrganizationJuanSomavianotesthatsomecountrieshavetakenmeasurestoaddresstheeffectsoftheglobalcrisis.However,hepointsoutthatmanycountrieshavenotdoneso.Andbasedonpastexperiences,ittakesfourtofiveyearsaftereconomicrecoveryforunemploymenttoreturntopre-crisislevels.Mr.SomaviasaystheInternationalLaborOrganizationisproposingaglobaljob’sagreementtodealwithunemployment.

“Itskeyobjectiveistoplaysothecenterofrecoveryefforts,measuresthatwouldgeneratehighlevelsofemploymentandprovidebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable.”

1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout

2.WhatdoesJuanSomavia,Director-GeneraloftheInternationalLabourOrganizationsay

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

（3）BigfastfoodchainsinNewYorkcityhavestartedtoobeyafirstkindofitsrulerequiringthemtopostcalorieonitsmenu.CathyNonasiswithNewYorkDepartmentofHealth.

“Wewantedtogivepeopleanopportunitytoactuallyseethecaloriesbeforetheypurchasethefoodandmakeadecisionandinformdecisionthatiftheywanttomakeahealthierchoice.Iftheywanttoeatfewercalories,theycan.Andweexpectthiswillhaveahugeimpactonobesity.Andofcourse,ifthishasanimpactonobesity,itwillhaveanimpactondiabetes,andheartdisease,andhighbloodpressure.”

Thenewruleswereintroducedaspartofanti-obesitycampaignthatalsoincludesarecentcitywidebanonartificialtrans-fatsinrestaurantfood.Themenuruleonlyappliestorestaurantsthatservesstandardizedportionsizesandhave15ormorelocationsnationwide.

StartinglastSaturday,（4）chainsbigenoughtofallundertherulewillfacepenaltiesabout2000dollarsfornotshowingcalorieinformationinaprominentsportsontheirmenus,preferablynexttotheprice.

3.WhatarebigfastfoodchainsinNewYorkCityrequiredtodoaccordingtothenewrule

4.Whatwillhappentobigrestaurantchainsthatviolatethenewrule

Questions5and7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

（5）Almostallcompaniesrecognizetheimportanceofinnovationtoday.Butnotmanyareabletointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.

AcommentaryintheShanghaiDailypointsoutthatinnovationdoesn’tmeanpilesofdocuments.Itissomethingmorepractical.（6）Thearticlesaysmanypeopletendtoassumethatinnovationjustmeanscreatingsomethingnew,butactuallyit’smorethanthat.It’sanattitudeofdoingthings.Acompanyshouldfindwaystoinnovatenotjustinproductsbutalsoinfunctions,businessmodelsandprocesses.

（7）ThearticlecitestheglobalgiantProcter&Gambleasanexample,sayingarealinnovativecompanyshoulddevelopaninnovationcultureanduseitasaprimarytoolforsuccess.Procter&Gamblehasa“CorporateInnovationFund”whichoffersbigrewardsforhigh-riskideasthatsucceed.Italsohasaspecialinnovationfacilityforitsemployees.Sometimesitsemployeesarereleasedfromtheirdailyjobsforweeksandspendtheirtimeinteractingintheinnovationfacilityinstead.Inconclusion,thearticlesaysinnovativeideasalonedonotensuresuccess.It’spointlessunlessthereisarepeatableprocessinplacetoturninspirationintofinancialperformance.

5.Whatistheproblemwithmanycompaniesaccordingtothenewsreport

6.Whatdomanypeopletendtothinkofinnovation

7.WhatdoesthecompanyProcter&Gambleoweitssuccessto

SectionB

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

M:

So,Lyndsay,doyouliketotextmessageonyourcellphone

W:

Yeah,Itextmessagealot.

M:

Idon’tdoitsomuch.IprefertomakeacallifI’minahurry.

W:

Yeah,Igobothways.SometimesIdon’treallywanttotalktotheperson.Ijustwanttoaskthemonequestion,soit’smucheasierformejusttotextmessage.（9）IfIcallthem,I'llhavetohavealongconversation.

M:

Yeah,Icanseewhatyoumean.（8）ButIgetoffthephoneprettyquicklywhenIcall.I’mnotabigtalker.

W:

Yeah,that’strue.Youdon’ttalkalot.

M:

Soareyoufastatwritingthemessageswithyourthumb

W:

Well,whenIfirstgotacellphone,Iwassoslow.IthoughtIwouldnevertextmessage.Butthenpeoplekepttextmessagingme,soIfeltobligedtolearnhowtotextmessage.SonowI’mprettyfast.Whataboutyou

M:

ActuallyIhavetheoppositeproblem.（10）WhenIfirstgotmycellphone,Ithoughtitwassocooltotextmessageallmyfriendswhohaveone,andIwasprettyfastwithmythumbthen.ButitseemslikenowIdon’tuseitsomuch,I’vegotsloweractually.

W:

Yeah,Ithinktextmessagingactuallysortofhastodowithyourage.Forexample,peopleinhighschool,theytextmessagealot.ButIaskedmyfatherifhetextmessages,andguesswhathesaid

M:

What

W:

Hesaidhenevertextmessaged.（11）Hethinksit’sverychildishandunprofessionaltotextmessage.

M:

Yeah,Icanseewhathemeans.It’sconsideredprettyinformaltotextmessagesomeone.

8.Whatdoesthemansayabouthimself

9.Whatdoesthewomantendtodowhilesheisonthephone

10.Whydidthemantextmessageallhisfriendswhenhefirstgothiscellphone

11.Whatdoesthewoman’sfatherthinkoftext-messaging

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

W:

Goodmorning,Mr.Johnson.HowcanIhelpyou

M:

Well,（12）I’dliketotalktoyouaboutTimBond,thedepartmentmanager.

W:

Whatseemstobetheproblem

M:

Well,eversinceSandraleftthedepartment,（12）IfeellikeI'vebeentargetedtodoallherworkaswellasmine.I'mexpectedtoattendtoomanymeetingsandIseemtobespendinga

lotofmytimedoingunnecessarypaperwork.

W:

I’msorrytohearthat.

M:

And,ontopofthat,（13）I’dspecificallyaskedifIcouldleaveearlylastFridayasI’ddonealotofovertimeduringtheweek.Butthatafternoon,eventhoughI’dfinishedmyassignedwork,Iwastoldtohelpothercolleaguesfinishtheirwork,too.

W:

（14）Butsurelythat’sapositivesignshowingthatMr.Bondhasalotoftrustinyou.

M:

Yes,butothercolleaguesgettoleaveearly,andtheydon’thavesuchalotofworktodo.

W:

Soyoufeelhe’sbeenmakingunrealisticdemandsonyou

M:

Yes,absolutely.

W:

HaveyouapproachedMr.Bondaboutthisparticularproblem

M:

I’vetried,butitseemslikehejusthasnotimeforme.

W:

Well,atthisstage,（15）itwouldbebetterifyouapproachedhimdirectly.Ifnothingelseshowingthatyou'vetriedtosolvetheproblemyourself,beforeyoutakeitfurther,makesitclearthatyou’renotjustacomplainer.（15）Whydon’tyousendanemailrequestingameetingwithhiminprivate

M:

Hmm,I’dbeabitworriedabouthisreaction.Butanyway,I’llsendhimanemailtorequestameeting,andI’llseewhathappensfromthere.Thanksforyouradvice.

W:

Goodluckandletusknowtheoutcome.

12.Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation

13.Whatistheman’schiefcomplaint

14.Howdoesthewomaninterpretthefactthatthemanwasaskedtohelphiscolleagueswiththeirwork

15.Whatdidthewomanadvisethemantodo

SectionC

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Themassivedeclineinsleephappenedsoslowlyandquietlythatfewseemedtonoticethetrend.WasitbecauseofthegrowingattractionoftheInternet,videogamesandendlessTVchannelsNeverdisconnectingfromworkNomatterhowithappened,millionsofAmericansareputtingtheirhealth,qualityoflifeandevenlengthoflifeindanger.

Newevidenceshowswhygettingenoughsleepisatoppriority.（17）Some40percentofAmericansgetlessthansevenhoursofshut-eyeonweeknights.“Thelinkbetweensleepandhealth,andbadsleepanddisease,isbecomingclearerandclearer,”saysLawrenceEpstein,asleepexpertatHarvardUniversity.（17）Forexample,sleepdurationhasdeclinedfromsomeeighthoursinthe1950stoseveninrecentyears.Atthesametime,highbloodpressurehasbecomeanincreasingproblem.（18）Bloodpressureandheartratearetypicallyattheirlowestlevelsduringsleep;peoplewhosleeplesstendtohavehigherbloodpressure,heartattack,diabetes,weightgainandotherproblems.

Sleepingbettermayhelpfightoffillness.“Whenpeoplearesleep-deprived,therearehigherlevelsofstresshormonesintheirbodies,whichcandecreaseimmunefunction,”saysDr.PhyllisZeeofNorthwesternUniversityinChicago.AUniversityofChicagostudyshowspeoplewhosleepwelllivelonger.Sosaygoodnightsooner,anditmayhelpyoustayactiveandvitaltoaripeoldage.

16.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout

17.Whatdowelearnfromthetalkabouttoday’sAmericans

18.Whatdoesthespeakersaywillhappentopeoplewholacksleep

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Parentsandteacherswilltellyounottoworrywhenapplyingforaplaceatuniversity.Butinthesamebreathwe’llremindyouthatitisthemostimportantdecisionofyourlife.

（19）Thefirstdecisionisyourchoiceofcourse.Itwilldependonwhatyouwanttogetoutofuniversity,whatyouaregoodatandwhatyouenjoy.Thenextdecisioniswheretoapply.Aimhighbutwithinreason.DoyouhavetherightcombinationofsubjectsandareyourexpectedgradeslikelytomeetentryrequirementsThedeadlineisJanuary15th.Butitisbesttosubmityourapplicationearlybecauseuniversitiesbeginworkassoonasformsstartrollingin.

（20）Themostimportantpartoftheapplicationisthemuchfearedpersonalstatement.Thisisyourchancetoconveyboundlessenthusiasmforthesubject.Soeconomyofexpressionisforemost.Omitdullandineffectivegeneralitiesandmakesureyougiveconcreteexamples.

Admissionsofficersreadeverypersonalstatementthatarrives.Itisnotconvincingifyousayyouhavechosenthesubjectbecauseyouenjoyit.（21）Youhavetogetacrosswhatitisaboutaparticularareathathasinspiredyou.Theywilllookforevidencethatyouhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubject.

Applicantsshouldbehonest.Thereisnopointsayingyourunmarathons,ifyouaregoingtobeoutofbreatharrivingattheinterviewonthesecondfloor.

19.Whatisthefirstdecisionyoushouldmakeinpreparingtoapplyforaplaceatuniversity

20.Whatisthemostimportantpartoftheapplication

21.Whatmustapplicantsdointheirpersonalstatements.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

（22）ItisusuallyagreedthataGerman,CarlBenz,builtthefirstmotorcarin1885.Itwasactuallyatricyclewithapetrolmotorattherear.Soon,membersoftheRoyalfamilyandotherwealthypeopletookupmotoringasasport.Manyoftheearlycarshad2seats.（23）Therewerenopetrolpumpsandfewgarages,soeverydriverhadtobehisownengineerforthefrequentbreakdowns.

By1905,carsbegantolooklikecarsoftoday,withheadlamps,windscreen,rubbertyresandnumberplates.（24）HenryFord's“ModelT”,introducedinAmericain1909,wascheaperbecauseitwasmadeontheassemblyline.Itbroughtcarsclosertowardsthereachof"ordinar