Gmat考试逻辑试题90题.docx

Gmat考试逻辑试题90题.docx

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Gmat考试逻辑试题90题

Gmat考试逻辑试题90题（12）

Questions85-86

　　Inopposingthe1970CleanAirAct,theUnitedStatesautomobileindustryarguedthatmeetingtheact'sstandardsforautomobileemissionswasneithereconomicallyfeasiblenorenvironmentallynecessary.However,thecatalyticconverter,inventedin1967,enabledautomakerstomeetthe1970standardsefficiently.Currently,automakersarelobbyingagainstthegovernment'sattempttopasslegislationthatwouldtightenrestrictionsonautomobileemissions.Theautomakerscontendthatthesenewrestrictionswouldbeoverlyexpensiveandunnecessarytoeffortstocurbairpollution.Clearly,theautomobileindustry'spositionshouldnotbeheeded.

　　85.Whichoneofthefollowingmostaccuratelyexpressesthemethodusedtocountertheautomakers'currentposition?

　　（A）Theautomakers'premisesareshowntoleadtoacontradiction.

　　（B）FactsarementionedthatshowthattheautomakersarerelyingonfalseinFORMation.

　　（C）Aflawispointedoutinthereasoningusedbytheautomakerstoreachtheirconclusion.

　　（D）Acomparisonisdrawnbetweentheautomakers'currentpositionandapositiontheyheldinthepast.

　　（E）Evidenceisprovidedthatthenewemissionslegislationisbotheconomicallyfeasibleandenvironmentallynecessary.

　　86.Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,lendsthemostsupporttotheautomakers'currentposition?

　　（A）Themorestringentthelegislationrestrictingemissionbecomes,themoredifficultitbecomesforautomakerstoprovidetherequiredtechnologyeconomically.

　　（B）Emissions-restrictiontechnologycanoftenbeengineeredsoastoavoidreducingtheefficiencywithwhichanautomobileusesfuel.

　　（C）Noteverynewpieceoflegislationrestrictingemissionrequiresnewautomotivetechnologyinorderforautomakerstocomplywithit.

　　（D）Themoreautomobilesthereareontheroad,themorestringentemissionrestrictionsmustbetopreventincreasedoverallairpollution.

　　（E）Unlessforcedtodosobythegovernment,automakersrarelymakechangesinautomotivetechnologythatisnotrelatedtoprofitability.

　　87.AsurveywasrecentlyconductedamongferrypassengersontheNorthSea.Amongtheresultswasthis:

moreofthosewhohadtakenanti-seasicknessmedicationbeforetheirtripreportedsymptomsofseasicknessthanthosewhohadnottakensuchmedication.Itisclear,then,thatdespiteclaimsbydrugcompaniesthatclinicaltestsshowthecontrary,peoplewouldbebetteroffnottakinganti-seasicknessmedications.

　　Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostweakentheconclusionabove?

　　（A）Givenroughenoughweather,mostferrypassengerswillhavesomesymptomsofseasickness.

　　（B）Theclinicaltestsreportedbythedrugcompanieswereconductedbythedrugcompanies'staffs.

　　（C）Peoplewhodonottakeanti-seasicknessmedicationarejustaslikelytorespondtoasurveyonseasicknessaspeoplewhodo.

　　（D）Theseasicknesssymptomsofthepeoplewhotookanti-seasicknessmedicationwouldhavebeenmoreseverehadtheynottakenthemedication.

　　（E）Peoplewhohavespentmoneyonanti-seasicknessmedicationarelesslikelytoadmitsymptomsofseasicknessthanthosewhohavenot.

　　88.CourtrecordsfrommedievalFranceshowthatintheyears1300to1400thenumberofpeoplearrestedintheFrenchrealmfor"violentinterpersonalcrimes"（notcommittedinwars）increasedby30percentoverthenumberofpeoplearrestedforsuchcrimesintheyears1200to1300.Iftheincreasewasnottheresultoffalsearrests,therefore,medievalFrancehadahigherlevelofdocumentedinterpersonalviolenceintheyears1300to1400thanintheyears1200to1300.

　　Whichoneofthefollowingstatements,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheargument?

　　（A）Intheyears1300to1400theFrenchgovernment'scategoryofviolentcrimesincludedanincreasingvarietyofinterpersonalcrimesthatareactuallynonviolent.

　　（B）Historicalaccountsbymonasticchroniclersintheyears1300to1400arefilledwithdeionsofviolentattackscommittedbypeoplelivingintheFrenchrealm.

　　（C）Thenumberofindividualagreementsbetweentwopeopleinwhichtheysworeoathsnottoattackeachotherincreasedsubstantiallyafter1300.

　　（D）WhenEnglisharmiestriedtoconquerpartsofFranceinthemid-tolate1300s,violenceinthenorthernprovinceofNormandyandthesouthwesternprovinceofGasconyincreased.

　　（E）ThepopulationofmedievalFranceincreasedsubstantiallyduringthefirstfivedecadesofthe1300s,untilthedeadlybubonicplaguedecimatedthepopulationofFranceafter1348.

　　89.Rhizobiumbacterialivingintherootsofbeanplantsorotherlegumesproducefixednitrogen,whichisoneoftheessentialplantnutrientsandwhichfornon-legumecrops,suchaswheat,normallymustbesuppliedbyapplicationsofnitrogen-basedfertilizer.SoifbiotechnologysucceedsinproducingwheatstrainswhoserootswillplayhosttoRhizobiumbacteria,theneedforartificialfertilizerswillbereduced.

　　Theargumentabovemakeswhichoneofthefollowingassumptions?

　　（A）Biotechnologyshouldbedirectedtowardproducingplantsthatdonotrequireartificialfertilize.

　　（B）Fixednitrogeniscurrentlytheonlysoilnutrientthatmustbesuppliedbyartificialfertilizerforgrowingwheatcrops.

　　（C）TherearenonaturallyoccurringstrainsofwheatorothergrassesthathaveRhizobiumbacterialivingintheirroots.

　　（D）Legumesarecurrentlytheonlycorpsthatproducetheirownsupplyoffixednitrogen.

　　（E）Rhizobiumbacterialivingintherootsofwheatwouldproducefixednitrogen.

　　90.Currentlegislationthatrequiresdesignatedsectionsforsmokersandnonsmokersonthepremisesofprivatelyownedbusinessesisanintrusionintotheprivatesectorthatcannotbejustified.Thefactthatstudiesindicatethatnonsmokersmightbeharmedbyinhalingthesmokefromothers'cigarettesisnotthemainissue.Rather,themainissueconcernsthegovernment'sviolationoftherightofprivatebusinessestodeterminetheirownpoliciesandrules.

　　Whichofthefollowingisaprinciplethat,ifaccepted,couldenabletheconclusiontobeproperlydrawn?

　　（A）Governmentintrusionintothepoliciesandrulesofprivatebusinessesisjustifiedonlywhenindividualsmightbeharmed.

　　（B）Therightofindividualstobreathesafeairsupersedestherightofbusinessestobefreefromgovernmentintrusion.

　　（C）Therightofbusinessestoself-determinationoverrideswhateverrightordutythegovernmentmayhavetoprotecttheindividual.

　　（D）Itisthedutyofprivatebusinessestoprotectemployeesfromharmintheworkplace.

　　（E）Wheretherightsofbusinessesandthedutyofgovernmentconflict,themainissueisfindingasuccessfulcompromise.

Gmat考试逻辑试题90题（11）

80.Advertisement:

Clarkbrand-namepartsaremadeforcarsmanufacturedinthiscountry.Theysatisfyallofourgovernmentautomotivetests-thetoughestsuchtestsintheworld.Withforeign-madeparts,youneverknowwhichmightbereliableandwhicharecheaplook-alikesthatarepoorlyconstructedandliabletocostyouhundredsofdollarsinrepairs.Therefore,besmartandinsistonbrand-namepartsbyClarkforyourcar.

　　Theargumentrequirestheassumptionthat

　　（A）Clarkpartsareavailableonlyinthiscountry

　　（B）foreign-madeartsarenotsuitableforcarsmanufacturedinthiscountry

　　（C）noforeign-madepartssatisfyourgovernmentstandards

　　（D）partsthatsatisfyorgovernmentstandardsarenotaspoorlyconstructedascheapforeignmadeparts

　　（E）ifpartsaremadeforcarsmanufacturedinourcountry,theyarenotpoorlyconstructed

　　81.Nuclearfusionisaprocesswherebythenucleiofatomsarejoined,or"fused",andinwhichenergyisreleased.Oneoftheby-productsoffusionishelium-4gas.Arecentfusionexperimentwasconductedusing"heavy"watercontainedinasealedflask.Theflaskwas,inturn,containedinanair-filledchamberdesignedtoeliminateextraneousvibration.Aftertheexperiment,ameasurableamountofhelium-4gaswasfoundintheairofthechamber.Theexperimentscitedthisevidenceinsupportoftheirconclusionthatfusionhadbeenachieved.

　　Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldcastdoubtontheexperimenters'conclusion?

　　（A）Helium-4wasnottheonlygasfoundingtheexperimentchamber.

　　（B）Whenfusionisachieved,itnormallyproducesseveralby-products,includingtritiumandgammarays.

　　（C）Theamountofhelium-4foundinthechamber'sairdidnotexceedtheamountofhelium-4thatisfoundinordinaryair.

　　（D）Helium-4gasrapidlybreaksdown,FORMingordinaryheliumgasafterafewhours.

　　（E）Nuclearfusionreactionsarecharacterizedbythereleaseoflargeamountofheat.

　　82.Everyphotograph,becauseitinvolvesthelightraysthatsomethingemitshittingfilm,mustinsomeobvioussensebetrue.Butbecauseitcouldalwayshavebeenmadetoshowthingsdifferentlythanitdoes,itcannotexpressthewholetruthand,inthatsense,isfalse.Therefore,nothingcaneverbedefinitivelyprovedwithaphotograph.

　　Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldcastdoubtontheexperimenters'conclusion?

　　（A）Helium-4wasnottheonlygasfoundintheexperimentchamber.

　　（B）Whenfusionisachieved,itnormallyproducesseveralby-products,includingtritiumandgammarays.

　　（C）Theamountofhelium-4foundinthechamber'sairdidnotexceedtheamountofhelium-4thatisfoundinordinaryair.

　　（D）Helium-4gasrapidlybreaksdown,FORMingordinaryheliumgasafterafewhours.

　　（E）Nuclearfusionreactionsarecharacterizedbythereleaseoflargeamountofheat.

　　Questions83-84

　　Somecleaningfluids,syntheticcarpets,wallpaneling,andotherproductsreleasetoxins,suc