07于老师定语从句专题.docx
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07于老师定语从句专题
定语从句（I）
一定语从句概念
1）在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。
2）先行词:
被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个名词，代词或整个主句。
如：
Aletterthatiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.____________
Youcantakeanythingthatyoulike.____________
Hedidn’tpasstheexam,whichmadehisparentsangry.____________
3）关系词：
引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有：
_____,______,______,_______,_______,______.
关系副词有：
_____,______,______.
关系词的作用有三个：
①引导定语从句②代替先行词③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二关系代词的基本用法：
观察下面的句子，归纳关系代词的用法并填写下面表格。
1Thegirlwho/thatisstandingthereisMary.
②Doyouknowthegirlwhosedressisblue.
③Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.
④Thebookwhich/thatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.
⑤He'samanwhom/who/thatweshouldlearnfrom.
⑥Chinaisthecountrythatitusedtobe.
⑦I’veneverseensuchatalentedyoungmanasheis.
⑧Asweknow,TaiwanisapartofChina.
⑨ThisisthesamebookasIboughtyesterday.
关系代词
先行词
关系代词在从句中做
指人
指物
主语
宾语
表语
定语
who
whom
which
that
whose
as
三关系副词的基本用法
①Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichIlivedlastyear.
②Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichImettheforeigner.
③Doyouknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhecamelateyesterday?
when在定语从句中做__________相当于介词+which
where在定语从句中做__________相当于介词+which
why在定语从句中做__________相当于_____+which
四关系代词与介词
1.当介词放在关系代词前时，只能用关系代词which，whom，whose且关系代词一律不能省略。
Iwanttofindthepen_____whichIwrotethatletter.
Theengineer____whosedepartmentIworkgavemethepaper.
Ididn’trecognizethelady____whomyouspokejustnow.
2.模糊地点类名词（situation形势，情况；point/case情况；scene情景）
当先行词是如上的模糊地点名词时，也可使用关系副词where（相当于inwhich）occasion（时机）为模糊时间
1.Andthere’sonepointwhereI’dlikeyouradvice.
2.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationwhereheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
3.Icanthinkofmanycaseswhereculturaldifferencesreallyexist.
即学即练：
1.Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,_____usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.
AthatBwhichCwhoDwhere
2.Wewillbeshownaroundthecityschools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,______othervisitorsseldomgo.
AwhatBwhichCwhereDwhen
3.Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcenter,_____isalwaysbusyattheweekend.
AthatBwhereCwhatDwhich
4.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases_____beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.
AwhichBasCwhyDwhere
5.Iworkinabusiness_____almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.
AhowBwhichCwhereDthat
6.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint_______bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.
AwhereBthatCwhenDwhich
7.----Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?
----Yes,thereisonepoint______wemustinsiston.
AwhyBwhereChowD/
8.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_____sightmattersmorethanhearing.
AwhenBwhoseCwhichDwhere
9.Occasionsarequiterare____Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.
AwhoBwhichCwhyDwhen
10.She’llneverforgetherstaythere_____shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.
AthatBwhichCwhereDwhen
二．改错
1.Therearealotofpeopleplanttreesthere.
2.Thetomatoeswereonthetableweregiventoyou.
3.Thebook,Iboughtyesterday,isHarryPotter.
4.JacksonisamanwhomIbelievehimtobehonest.
5.Weshallvisittheschoolwhereyourfatherhasworkedthereformanyyears.
三．填空
1.Icanneverforgettheday______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.
2.Septemberisthemonth___________comesafterAugust.Septemberisthemonth_____weusuallyreturntoschool.
3.Shedidn’ttellmetheplace_______shewasborn.Shedidn’ttellmetheplace_______shewasbornin.
4.Thatisthereason_______hegaveme.Thatisthereason_______hedidn’tcomeyesterday.
5,Thisistheplanein________IwenttoBeijing.Thisistheplane______ItooktoBeijing.
定语从句（II）
一．that和which的不同
A.在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。
（1）先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。
Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow
（2）先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few等修饰时。
I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.
（3）先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
Thisisthefirst/bestbookthathehasread.
（4）先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。
Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.
（5）先行词既有人又有物时.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthethingsthatwecanremember.
（6）当要避免与疑问词which重复时.Whichisthebookthatbelongstome？
（7）先行词在主语句中作表语,而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。
Beijingisnolongerthecitythatisusedtobe.
B.在下列情况下,一般用which而不用that。
（1）关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）
Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.
（2）在非限制性定语从句中Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.
C用that和which填空
1.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice.
2.Hepaidtheboy80yuanforwashinghiswindows,mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.
3.Thesecondbook___IwanttoreadisTravelsinChina.
4.Thisisthehousein_____myparentsoncelived.
5.Hesaidhehadn’treadthebook,_____istrue.
6.Theonlylanguage____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.
7.Thosearetheverywords____heused.8.Whihisthecar____wasmadeinShanghai.
二．关系代词as和which的区别
①搭配上,as多用于such…as…,so…as…“像……一样的”，“像……之类”
thesame…as…“和……同样的等结构中。
如：
Ihavethesamebookasyouhave.Suchpeopleasyousayareshortnow.
Heissocleveraboyaseveryonelikes.
比较such..as和such…that/so…as和so…that的区别
Hereissuchabig（sobiga）stoneasnoonecanlift._____从句______成分
Hereissuchabig（sobiga）stonethatnoonecanliftit._____从句______成分
②as引导的非限制定语定语从句可位于主句之前，之后，而which只能位于主句之后。
Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.
Hewasaforeigner,asIknewfromhisaccent.
③which引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，意思是“这件事”；as不可以。
Hesoldhisbicycle,whichsurprisedme.
④当非限制定语从句是否定句或表示否定时只能用which.
Hetreatedmelikeababy,whichIcan’tbear.
⑤as引导非限制定语从句常有“如同…，正像…的含义”asweknow/asisknowntoall,asweallcansee,ashasbeensaidbefore/above,ashasbeenpointedout,asisoftenthecase,asmightbeexpected,asoftenhappens等，一般不用which代替as.Hewonthefirstprize,asoftenhappens.
三．特殊注意
1.who和that指代人时，下面情况下宜用who,而不宜用that
先行词为anyone,anybody,those,all,they,he,people时.如：
1）ThepersonIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkswell.
2）Anyonewhoisnotfitfortheirworkshouldleaveofficeatonce
3）Thosewhoarenotfitfortheirworkshouldleaveofficeatonce
2.whose+n=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n
Iamlivinginthehousewhosedoorisred.
Iamlivinginthehouse____________isred.Iamlivinginthehouse____________isred.
3.当先行词是way（意为“方式，方法”）时，引导定语从句的关系代词有下列三种形式。
Thewaythat/which/不填heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.way为________关系词作_______
Thewaythat/inwhich/不填heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.
way为________关系词作_______
4.oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数谓语
theone/theonlyone+复数名词+关系代词+单数谓语
Heistheoneofthestudentswho___wontheprize.
Heisoneofthestudentswho____wontheprize.
5.Isthis+the+n.+关系词+定语从句Isthisthebookthatyouwant?
Isthis+n.+theone+定语从句Isthisbooktheonethatyouwant?
即学即练：
1._____Iexplainonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.
AWhenBAfterCAsDSince
2.______hasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth.
AThatBAsCItDWhat
3._____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.AWhichBWhenCWhatDAs
4.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,______meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.AwhoBthatCasDwhich
5.TheBeatles,______manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.
AwhatBthatChowDas
6.Iamatleast_____age______RobertifIamnotolderthanhe.Athesame;asBthesame;withCassame;as
7.Thedriverandhiscar_______fellintotheriverhavenotyetbeendiscovered.
AwhatBthatCwhoDwhich
8.GeorgeOrwell,_______wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.
AtherealnameBwhathisrealnameChisrealnameDwhoserealname.
9.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from______effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.
AthatBwhoseCthoseDwhat
10.Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,_____hestudiedveryhardandwasmadechairmanoftheStudents’Union.AduringwhichtimeBforwhichtimeCduringwhosetimeDbythattime.
二．完成句子
1.HehastohavelessonsonSundays,________________________________________（这他一点也不喜欢）
2.Itmightsnowthisweekend,________________（在这种情况下）wewon’tgohikinginthemountains.
3.Theyrushedovertohelptheman_______________________（他的车坏了）
4.Heisateacher,_____________________________（这一点可以看出来）fromhismanner.
5.Thedriverandhiscar______________________________（掉入河里的司机与车子）havenotyetbeendiscovered.
三．填空
1.Anyone________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
2.Those__________wanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.
3.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything__________hehadstolentothepolice.
4.Hewasveryrudetothecustomsofficer,________ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.
5.Therewaslittle________thedoctorcoulddoforthepatient.
6.Thefirstplace________we’llvisitinLondonisBuckinghamPalace.
定语从句（III）
特殊的定语从句
考点一：
分割定语从句
1.Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.先行词_____________
2.DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoseeyou?
先行词________
3.Thedaywillsur
升级会员 