M3U1M5U1课文重点潘久芳.docx

M3U1M5U1课文重点潘久芳.docx

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M3U1M5U1课文重点潘久芳

Module3unit1Reading填空

Module3unit1Reading----Fog大雾

Atlunch,theradioforecast（动词”预报”,过去式/分词都是forecast）thatthemistwouldbecomeathick厚的fog.Atfouro’clock,Pollyleftworkandsteppedoutintothefog.Shewonderedwhetherthebuseswouldstillberunning.Once一旦（shewas）outinthestreet,shewalkedquicklytowardsherusualbusstop.（状语从句省略和主句相同的主语+be动词）

‘Howfarareyougoing?

’thebusconductor（售票员）askedherbeforehetookherfare（车费）.‘KingStreet,’saidPolly,‘Sorry,Miss,’replied（回答V原形是reply）theman,‘thetruthisthat+同位语从句itistoofoggyforthebustorunthatfar.（too+adj+forsb+todo对sb来说太…以至于不能做）

AsPollyobserved（动词原形为observe”观察/注意到/庆祝/遵循/评论”）thepassengersonthetrain,shehadafeelingthat+同位语从句shewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkovercoat.AtlastthetrainarrivedatGreenParkstation.Whiletherestofpassengersweregettingout,sheglancedatthefacesaroundher.Thetallmanwasnowheretobeseen.=Nowherewasthetallmanseen/found.否定（句首）+半倒装

（sb/sthbenowheretobeseen/found.=Nowhere+be+sb/sth+done）哪儿也找不到/看不到sb/sth

WhenPollygottothestationentrance（入口）,itwasempty.Outside,wherevershelooked,thefoglay（’平放,平躺’,动词原形lie过去式lay过去分词lain）likeathick厚的,grey（灰白的）cloud.Therewasnooneinsight（在视线范围之内）.Pollysetofftowards（朝…出发）ParkStreet.Asshewalkedalongthenarrow（狭窄的）street,sheheardthesoundoffootsteps（脚步）approaching（正在靠近）.Shecouldfeelherheartbeating（正有规律地跳动）withfear（恐惧/害怕n/V）.

感官动词+宾语+宾补（doing主动正在,do（主动全过程）,done被动）

Aminutebefore,shehadwishedforsomeonetocomealong（期望sb过来）.Nowshewantedtorun,butfearheld（动词’使’,原形hold,过去式过去分词held）herstill（静止不动的adj）.Thefootstepsseemedclosenow.Thenaman’svoicecameoutofdarkness.‘Isanybodyhere?

’Pollyhesitated（犹豫不决V原形hesitate）.Atlastsheanswered,‘Hello,IthinkI’mlost（形容词’迷路的’）.’

Afewsecondslater,ahandreachedout（伸出来）andgrasped（动词’抓住’,原形grasp）herarm.Pollyfoundherselfstaringat（宾补’正盯着’）thefaceofanoldmanwithabeard（胡子）.

HetookPolly’shand.’Watchoutforthestephere.（小心台阶）’‘Nowwe’reatthecrossroads（在一个十字路口）.Turnlefthere.’Pollywasbeginningtofeelfrightenedagain.’Youreallyshouldn’tfeelanxious（形容词’担心的’）.’Heheld（抓住）herhandmorefirmly（副词’牢牢地’）.

‘Thankyousomuchforcomingtomyaid（帮助我）.’SaidPollyinrelief（轻松/宽慰地）.

‘Afogthisbadisrare（稀少的adj）.Itgivesmethechancetopayback（回报,报复）thehelpthatpeoplegivemewhenit’ssunny.Ablindpersonlikemecan’tgetacross（穿过）theroadwithouthelp,exceptinafoglikethis.getsthacrosstosb使sth被sb理解（本意:

使sth穿过到达sb）

Sthgetacrosstosbsth被sb理解（本意：

sth穿过到达sb）

Module3unit1Project填空

Module3unit2Project---Sharkattacks鲨鱼攻击

1.Onlyabout30types（类型）areknowntohaveattackedhumanbeings.

=Itisknownthatonlyabout30typeshaveattackedhumanbeings.

（Itisknown/said/reported/believedthat+sb主语+谓语V主语从句）

=sbbeknown/said/reported/believetodo（tohavedone已经,tobedoing正在,todo现在/将来）

2.Twoothersharksarealsorather（相当地adv）dangerous.

=Anothertwosharks=Twomoresharksareratherdangerous.

3.Contrary（形容词’相反的’,作状语）to（介词）whatmanypeoplemightassume（动词’认为’）,evidence（证据’不可数n’）showsthatsharksseldomattackhumans.

4.Thesharkpushesyouwithitsnosetofindoutifyouarefittobeeaten,andthenbites（动词’咬’）youifitthinksyouare.bite过去式bit过去分词bitten

5.Toreducetheriskofasharkattack,youshouldfollowthesesuggestions.

为了减少鲨鱼攻击的风险，你应该遵从这些建议。

6.Donotwearbrightclothingorjewellery（珠宝,不可数n），becausesharksareattractedtotheflashofcoloursandbrightobjects.（物体）

7.Stayingroups,as（因为）sharksusuallyavoid（动词’避免’+doing/n）largenumbersofpeople.

alargenumberof+n复数=largenumbersof+n复数,alargeamountof=agreatdealof+n不可数

8.Keepclam.Donotpanic.保持镇静，不要恐慌。

9.Hitthesharkonthenose.Stickyourfingerintheshark’seye.把手指插到鲨鱼的眼睛里。

（hitsb+inthe+软部位，hitsb+onthe+硬部位）

10.Don’tbefrightenedbysharks:

youare30timesmorelikelytobehitbylightingthanbeattackedbyashark.

倍数表达法：

倍数+as+adj/adv原级+as,倍数+adj/adv比较级+than

倍数+the+n（表长length宽width高height尺寸size）+of

Sbbelikelytodo=Itislikelythatsb主语+谓语V

Module3unit2Project---Thewonderfulworldofpigeons鸽子

1.Herollsup（卷起）thepaperandputsitintoasmallcase,andthenreachesintoacageandgetsabird.Attaching（“附”作状语,和主语构成主动语态+ing）themessagetoitsleg,hesetsthebirdloose（松开的adj）.

attachsthtosth把sth固定/附在…上=sthbeattachedtosth某物被固定/附属在sth上e.g.TheMiddleSchoolisattachedtotheNanjingUniversity.

set（使）+宾语+宾补（adj/doing）

e.g.setsbfree释放sbsetsbthinking使sb沉思setalarmbellsringing使警钟响

2.Pigeonshaveawonderfulsenseofdirection方向感andcanfindtheirwayhomeoverlongdistance.However,itwasinwarthattheyfoundtheirgreatestuse（用itwas…that强调inwar）.

3.DuringWorldWarIandII,（前无冠词）pigeonswereemployed（适用/雇佣,动词原形为employ）byarmiestocarrymessages,saving（结果状语,自然而然的结果+ing）thelivesofmanysoldiersandevenhelpingwinsomeimportantvictories（胜利n原形为victory）.

4.Pigeonsappear（系动词’似乎’）tohaveacompass（指南针）insidethem.Since（因为）acompassaloneisnotenoughtofindone’sway,theyalsoappeartousetheirsightandeventheirsenseofsmell嗅觉totellthemwhichwaytheyshouldgo.Unlike（介词’不像’,作状语）humans,theynevergetlost（迷路）.

Module3unit2课文填空

Module3unit2Reading----Englishanditshistory

TheEnglishlanguageismadeupofthegrammarandvocabularythesepeoplebroughttoBritain.ThatiswhyEnglishhassomanydifficultrulesthatconfusepeople.

OldEnglishisverydifferentfromtheEnglishwespeaknowadays.Beforethemiddleofthe5thcentury,peopleinBritainallspokealanguagecalledCeltic.ThentwoGermanicgroupsfromtheEuropeanmainland---theAnglesandTHESaxons---occupiedBritain.OldEnglishconsistedofamixtureoftheirlanguages.（BoththeEnglishlanguageandtheEnglishpeoplearenamedaftertheAngles;thewordAnglewasspeltEngleinOldEnglish.）AsidefromplacenamessuchasLondon,veryfewCelticwordsbecamepartofOldEnglish.Attheendofthe9thcentury,theVikings,peoplefromNorthernEuropeancountriessuchasDenmarkandNorway,begantomovetoBritain.Theyboughtwiththemtheirlanguages,whichalsomixedwithOldEnglish.Bythe10thcentury,OldEnglishhadbecometheofficiallanguageofEngland.

WhenwespeakEnglishtoday,wesometimesfeelconfused/puzzledaboutwhichwordsorphrasestouse.ThisiswhyEnglishhasmanywordsandphrasesfromdifferentlanguages,butwithsimilarmeanings.

ManythingsplayedaroleinthedevelopmentofthisnewtypeofEnglish.（MiddleEnglish）ThemostimportantcontributionwasfromtheNormans,aFrench-speakingpeoplewhodefeatedEnglandandtookcontrolofthecountryin1066.However,theNormanConquestdidnotaffectEnglishasmuchastheAnglesandtheSaxons’victoryabout600years,whichleadtoOldEnglishreplacingCeltic.EventhoughtheNormansspokeFrenchfortheentire250yearstheyruledEngland,FrenchdidnotreplaceEnglishasthefirstlanguage.Ontheotherhand,theEnglishlanguagedidborrowmanywordsfromFrench.AftertheNormanConquest,manyEnglishpeopleworkedasservantswhoraisedanimals.Therefore,thewordsweuseformostanimasraisedforfoodcomefromOldEnglish.OldEnglishmadeothercontributionstoMiddleEnglishaswell.High-classpeoplespokeFrenchwhilecommonpeoplespokeEnglish.However,bythelatterhalfofthe14thcentury,Englishhadcomeintowidespreaduse.In1399,HenryIVbecameKingofEngland.HismothertonguewasEnglish,andheusedEnglishforallofficialevents.

ModernEnglishincludesmanyLatinandGreekwords.Pronunciationalsowentthroughhugechanges.ThequestionofwhetherEnglishwillkeeponchanginginthefutureiseasytoanswer.Itiscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinue,andpeoplewillkeepinventingnewwords.

Module3unit2Project”ThedevelopmentofChinesecharacters”

TheChineselanguagediffersfromWesternlanguagesinthatinsteadofanalphabet,itusescharacterswhichstandforideas,objectsordeeds.Chinesewordsareformedbyputtingtogetherdifferentcharacters.Inmanycases,asinglecharactercanalsomakeupaword.

Accordingtoanancientstory,amannamedCangJieinventedChinesewriting.Onewinterdaywhilehewashunting,hesawthetracksofanimalsinthesnowandobservedthattheappearanceofeachonewasdifferent.Thenhehadtheideathathecouldusedifferentshapestorepresentdifferentobjects.Somecharactershavebeensimplifiedandothershavebeenmademoredifficultovertime.However,asawhole,thecharactershavedevelopedfromdrawingsintostandardform.

Notallcharactersweredevelopedfromdrawingsofobjects.Sometimestoexpressideas,somecharactersweremadebycombiningtwoormorecharacterstogether.Thecharacter‘prisoner’wasformedwitha‘man’insideasquare.Itiseasytodistinguishtheirmeaningsbylookingatthem,forexample,thecharactersfor‘up’and‘down’,whichareoppositesofeachother.Thoughthesekindsofcharactersindicatemeanings,oneoftheirshortcomingsisthattheydonotshowhowtheyshouldbepronounced.

Inthe1950stheChinesegovernmentintroducedsimplified（形容词“被简化的”）ChinesecharactersandnowtheyhavewidespreaduseinChina’smainland.

ThestoryofBraille

Usually,whenwetalkaboutreading,wethinkofusingoureyestoseeletterswrittenininkonpaper.However,thisisnotalwaystrue.Forexample,blindpeoplecannotsee,buttheycanstillreadbooks.

Themanwhointroduced（使…了解）blindpeopleto（介词）readingwasLouisBraille（1809-1852）.Braillelosthiseyesightattheageofthreeas