三年高考题组训练 4.docx

三年高考题组训练 4.docx

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三年高考题组训练4

专题三推理判断

Passage1（2018课标全国Ⅰ,D）词数:

351

Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（装置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn’tthrowoutouroldones.“Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids’room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We’renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt’steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.

Sowhat’sthesolution（解决方案）?

Theteam’sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.

B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.

C.Theycostmoretouseathome.

D.Theygooutofstylequickly.

2.WhydidBabbitt’steamconducttheresearch?

A.Toreducethecostofminerals.

B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.

C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.

D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.

3.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?

A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.

C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.

4.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?

A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.

C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.

答案

[语篇解读]　我们也许认为当新的科技产品出现时,人们会将已经落后、过时的东西抛弃,但研究发现事实并非如此。

陈旧的产品仍然被使用着,但是使用起来消耗的能源多、污染大,的确应该及时淘汰。

1.A　推理判断题。

本题题干意为:

作者认为新装置怎么样?

根据第一段最后一句可知,继续使用过时的装置对环境和我们的钱包都不是好消息,因为它们与新装置相比,做相同的事情会消耗更多的能源。

由此可判断,作者认为新装置有利于环保。

2.D　细节理解题。

本题题干意为:

为什么Babbitt的团队要进行这项研究?

根据第二段第一句可知,为了弄清楚这些设备消耗多少电量,Babbitt和同事们持续跟踪每个产品在其使用周期内的环境成本。

D项意为“为了查清这些装置耗费的电量。

”,与文章内容一致。

3.B　细节理解题。

本题题干意为:

以下哪种装置耗能最少?

根据第一段可知新装置耗费的能量较少,而第二段则指出与其他几种装置相比,tablets（平板电脑）出现的时间最晚,为最新的科技产品,而且最后一段指出,tablets具有多种功能,比电视和台式电脑消耗的能量少,故B项正确。

4.A　推理判断题。

本题题干意为:

文章建议人们如何处理陈旧的电子设备?

最后一段讲到了解决方案,本段指出,研究人员探索了消费者用有多种功能的电子产品替换陈旧产品后的结果。

由最后一句可知,用平板电脑代替电视和台式电脑来收看娱乐节目,会减少44%的能源消耗。

由此可知文章建议人们不要再使用陈旧的电子设备,故A项正确。

难句分析

原句:

Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddeviceswellaftertheygooutofstyle.

分析:

but连接两个并列的分句,在but前的分句中,think后为宾语从句,在该宾语从句中that引导定语从句,修饰先行词culture;在but后的分句中,that引导的宾语从句作shows的宾语,after引导时间状语从句。

译文:

我们也许认为,在我们的文化中,一看到闪光的新东西,就会淘汰陈旧的科技。

但是一项新研究表明,在陈旧装置早就过时之后,我们仍在继续使用它们。

重点词汇　shinyadj.闪光的;有光泽的　evolvev.逐渐发展　definev.给……下定义;界定　accumulatev.积聚;积累consumptionn.消费;消耗

Passage2（2018课标全国Ⅲ,C）词数:

368

WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.

Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.

WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt（CAA）.HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus（校园）oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.

ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves（曲线）ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.

Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements（元素）.

Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.

Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,”hesaid.

“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,”hesaid.

“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,”saidWang.

Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.

1.Wang’swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare　　　. 

A.followingthelatestworldtrend

B.gettinginternationalrecognition

C.workingharderthaneverbefore

D.relyingonforeignarchitects

2.WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?

A.Itshillyenvironment.

B.Itslargesize.

C.Itsuniquestyle.

D.Itsdiversefunctions.

3.WhatmadeWang’sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?

A.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.

B.ThebalanceofEastandWest.

C.Theuseofpopulartechniques.

D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.

4.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?

A.Spreadthemtotheworld.

B.Preservethematmuseums.

C.Teachtheminuniversities.

D.Recreatetheminpractice.

答案

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。

题材为人物故事类。

文章介绍了中国建筑设计师王澍将传统与现代结合,将中国传统元素融入自己的建筑设计中,荣获了2012年普利兹克建筑奖。

1.B　推理判断题。

根据第二段第一句（他们的努力已被证明是富有成效的。

）和最后一句（他是第一个获得这一奖项的中国公民。

）可推知,王澍获奖意味着中国的建筑设计师正在获得世界的认可,故选B项。

2.C　细节理解题。

根据第四段的内容,尤其是最后一句（这些建筑物的曲线与山的起伏完美搭配,形成了独特的风景。

）可知答案为C项。

3.D　推理判断题。

题干句意:

什么使王澍的建筑设计获得了成功?

根据第五段最后一句（由于现代元素与中国传统元素的结合,这一作品吸引了很多关注。

）可知答案为D项。

4.D　细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句（对传统的学习应该和实践相结合。

）可知答案为D项。

难句分析

原句:

WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.

分析:

句子的主干为WangShuwonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize,句中a49-year-oldChinesearchitect为同位语;which引导定语从句,先行词为PritzkerArchitecturePrize,which在从句中作主语。

译文:

王澍,一位49岁的中国建筑设计师,在2012年2月28日获得了普利兹克建筑奖,这一奖项经常被称为“建筑界的诺贝尔奖”。

重点词汇　landmarkbuilding地标建筑　fruitfuladj.富有成效的

Passage3（2017课标全国Ⅰ,B）词数:

290

IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.

IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl（猫头鹰）ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.

Iexaminedthechick（雏鸟）anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.

Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.

Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.

Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!

Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH!

Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.

1.Whatisunavoidableintheauthor’srescueworkaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.Effortsmadeinvain.

B.Gettinginjuredinhiswork.

C.Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.

D.Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.

2.WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?

A.Torescueawoman.

B.Totakecareofawoman.

C.Tolookatababyowl.

D.Tocureayoungowl.

3.Whatmadethechickcalmdown?

A.Anewnest.B.Somefood.

C.Arecording.D.Itsparents.

4.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?

A.It’sunexpected.B.It’sbeautiful.

C.It’shumorous.D.It’sdiscouraging.

答案

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。

作者在一个保护野生动物的