高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材知识突破选修八Unit2Cloning学案新人教版.docx
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高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材知识突破选修八Unit2Cloning学案新人教版
Unit2 Cloning
———————————◄基础盘点·自测自评►———————————
阅读单词
快速排查本单元阅读词汇并在不认识的词汇前划√
□twinn.&adj.□straightforwardadj.□arbitraryadj.
□mediumn.□faten.□castvt.□moraladj.□conservativeadj.
□constitutionn. □pulsoryadj.□operan. □chorusn.
□loafn. □flourn. □impactn. □feathern. □turkeyn.
□hatchvt.&vi.
核心单词
1.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……
2.bothervt.打扰 vi.操心 n.烦扰
3.obtainvt.获得;赢得
4.exactadj.精确的;准确的
5.attainvt.获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等)
6.unableadj.不能的;不会的
7.drawbackn.缺点;不利条件
8.breakthroughn.突破
9.altogetheradv.总共;完全地
10.initialadj.最初的;开始的
11.shortlyadv.立刻;不久
拓展单词
1.differvi.不同;相异→differentadj.不同的→differencen.差异;区别
2.undertakevt.着手;从事;承担→undertook(过去式)→undertaken(过去分词)
3.correctionn.改正;修正;纠正→correctvt.改正;纠正;批改
4.objectvi.反对;不赞成→objectionn.不赞成;反对;异议→objectiveadj.客观的
5.mediumn.媒介;手段;工具→median.(medium的复数)大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)
6.forbidvt.禁止;不准→forbade/forbad(过去式)→forbidden(过去分词)
7.assumptionn.假定;设想→assumevt.假定;设想
8.strikevt.&vi.打;撞击;罢工 n.罢工→struck(过去式)→struck/stricken(过去分词)
9.vainadj.虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的→vanityn.自负;虚荣心;无意义
10.resistvt.抵抗;对抗→resistancen.抵抗;对抗→resistantadj.有抵抗力的;抵制的(拓展速记1)
11.merelyadv.仅;只;不过→mereadj.仅仅的
12.decorationn.装饰→decoratevt.装饰;装修
13.adorevt.崇拜;爱慕;喜爱→adorern.崇拜者;赞美者;热爱者
14.reasonableadj.合情理的;讲道理的;公道的→reasonn.理由;道理
[语境活用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Everyoneisforbiddentoenterthisforbiddenground.(forbid)
2.Inwesterncountries,everyfamilydecoratestheChristmastreeswithmaterialsonChristmasEve;thehometakesonawonderfullookwithallthesedecorations.(decorate)
3.Nowadaysfewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofmoney.Whoeverisresistanttoitisboundtoachievealotintheirlife.(resist)
4.Ididn'tsaythatIwantedtobuyitbutmerely(mere)askedfortheprice.
5.Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable(reason),soallofusdidn'tacceptit.
6.Don'tassumethatyouareaprincessandstoplivinginassumptionsanymore.(assume)
7.Althoughtheyaretwins,theydifferfromeachotherinmanyaspects.Oneoftheirmajordifferencesisthattheyhavedifferentcharacters.(differ)
8.Manypeopleraisedanobjectiontothenewsreport,arguingthatitisnotobjective.(object)
走进高考
1.obtain熟义:
vt.获得;赢得 生义:
v.存在;沿袭
Thelongerthissituationobtains,themoreextensivetheproblemsbee.
2.undertake熟义:
vt.着手;从事;承担 生义:
v.承诺;允诺;答应
HeundertooktofinishthejobbyFriday.
1.payoff 得到好结果;取得成功;偿清(拓展速记2,3)
2.castdown 使失望;使沮丧
3.infavourof 赞成;支持
4.(be)boundto(do)... 一定或注定(做)……
5.strike...intoone'sheart 使……刻骨铭心
6.fromtimetotime 不时;偶尔
7.bringbacktolife 使复生;使复活
8.invain 白费力气;枉费心机
9.ingood/poorcondition 状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)
[语境活用] 用左栏短语的适当形式填空
1.Hisparentstriedtopersuadehimnottogiveuphiswellpaidjob,buttheireffortswereinvain.
2.Theathlete'syearsofhardtrainingpaidoffwhenshefinallywontheOlympicgoldmedal.
3.Don'tletyourselfbecastdownbyasmallfailureintheexperiment,tryagain.
4.Inancienttimes,peoplebelievedthattheycouldbebroughtbacktolifeafterdeath.
5.You'vedonesomuchworkthatyouareboundtopasstheexam.
6.Heisingoodconditionforamanofhisage.
1.that引导同位语从句
[原句]ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbeeseriouslyill.
接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。
[仿写] 我们足球队赢了比赛的消息令人鼓舞。
Thenewsthatourfootballteamhadwonthematchwasencouraging.
2.疑问词+插入语+其他部分
[原句]Whatdoyouthinkisthewriter'spointofviewinthisreadingpassage?
你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么?
[仿写] 这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣?
Whichpartofthisbookdoyouthinkisthemostinteresting?
3.Theadvantageisthat...“优势是……”
[原句]Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.
其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病,这类动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。
[仿写] 骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。
Theadvantageofcyclingtoworkisthatwecanlivealowcarbonlife.
1.“resist”形近词集锦
assistv.协助
assistantn.助手
consistvi.由……组成
consistentadj.始终如一的
insistv.坚持
resistvt.抵抗
2.“v.+off”短语小结
(一)
breakoff打断;折断;中止;中断
carryoff夺走;赢走(奖项)
eoff从……离开;脱落
cutoff切断
dropoff(纽扣等)脱落;(使、让)下车
getoff下车;脱下
giveoff发出(光、热、气等)
gooff走开;(铃)响了
keepoff勿踏;勿踩
payoff得到好结果;取得成功;偿清
3.“v.+off”短语小结
(二)
putoff推迟;延迟
seeoff送行
sendoff寄出;发出(信件等)
setoff出发;燃放(烟火等);激起
showoff炫耀
shutoff关闭
takeoff脱下;起飞;成功
turnoff关闭(水、电器等)
———————————◄考点串讲·重点突破►———————————
1.differvi.不同;相异;(意见)有分歧
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①(2019年全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解)Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently(different).
②(2017年卷阅读理解)Iknewitwasthedifference(different)betweenlifeanddeath.
③(2017年某某卷阅读理解)Beforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.
④(2016年卷阅读理解)Becauseacollegemunity(群体)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.
|考点归纳|
(1)differfrom...不同于……;和……不同
differin...在……方面不同
differwithsb.on/about/oversth.在某事上和某人有分歧/异议
(2)makeadifferenceto...对……有影响/起作用
tellthedifferencebetweenAandB分清A和B
(3)bedifferentfrom...in...在……方面与……不同
2.objectvi.反对;不赞成n.物体;目标
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①Itisnecessarytoholdanobjective(object)attitudetowardsratings.
②Despiteobjections(object)bytheWhiteHouse,theSenatevotedtodaytocutoffaid.
③However,othersstronglyobjecttoowning(own)privatecars.
|考点归纳|
(1)objecttosb./sth.反对;不赞成某人/某事
objecttodoingsth.反对做某事
(2)objectionn.反对;厌恶;不赞成;异议
raiseanobjectiontosth.对某事提出异议
have/makean/noobjectionto(doing)sth.对(做)某事表示反对/不反对
(3)objectiveadj.真实的;客观的;无偏见的
|能力提升|——句型转换
④Moreandmorestudentsobjecttotheplan.
→Moreandmorestudentsraise/have/makeanobjectiontotheplan.(objection)
3.forbidvt.禁止;不准
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①Theguardforbadeustolook(look)outofthewindowwhenthetrainwasmoving.
②Theregulationsforbidsmoking(smoke)inthelibrary.
③InsomeMiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshisforbidden(forbid),especiallyifyou'reawoman.
|考点归纳|
forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事
forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事
forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事
It'sforbiddentodosth.做某事是禁止的
4.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归因于……;归功于……
|对接高考|——单句语法填空/单句改错
①Owing(owe)toherbalanceddietandregularexercise,sheisveryslim.
②WeowetoomuchtoourPLAmen,withoutwhomwecouldn'thavesurvivedthedisaster.
③Heowestohisfatherthathehasbeensosuccessful.owes后加it
|考点归纳|
(1)owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物;把某事归功于某人
oweittosb.todosth.应该为某人做某事
(2)owingto由于
5.bothervt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰;令人烦恼的事或人
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①Didyouhavebotherinfinding(find)thehouse?
②Iamsorrytohavebotheredyouwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.
③Itbothersmetothink(think)ofheraloneinthatbighouse.
|考点归纳|
(1)bothertodo/doingsth.费心做某事
Itbotherssb.that/todosth.使某人苦恼的是做某事
bothersb.withsth.用某事麻烦某人
(2)putsb.toanybother给某人添乱
whybother没有必要吧;何苦那么麻烦
6.strikevt.&vi.打;罢工;(时钟等)敲响报(时);擦(火柴);撞击;侵袭;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起n.罢工;打击
|对接高考|——写出下列黑体单词的含义
①Thelittlegirlstruckamatchandlitacandle.擦(火柴)
②Asnowstormstruckthecitylastmonth.袭击
③TheworkersinFrancehavebeenonstrikeforseveraldays.罢工
④Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthetouristarea.给……以深刻印象
⑤AwonderfulideastruckmesuddenlywhenIwaswalkingonthestreet.突然想起
⑥Igotupearlythismorningbeforetheclockstruckfive.(钟)报时
|考点归纳|
(1)bestruckwith/by...为……所袭击(感动)
Itstrikesmethat...我突然想到……;我的印象是……
sth.strikessb.(=sb.strikesonsth.)某人想到某事
(2)beonstrike在罢工
goonstrike举行罢工
|能力提升|——完成句子
⑦StruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake(被西湖的美景所感动),westoppedtoadmirethebeautifulscenery.
⑧Itstruckmethat(我突然想到)playingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmomentforallthegirlsontheteam.
7.payoff得到好结果;取得成功;偿清
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①Whatdelightedhimwasthatheatlastpaidoffallhisdebts.
②Hehadtoworkparttimesoastopayforhisschoolfee.
③Iamsurethathewillpaybackeverycentheowesyou.
|考点归纳|
payback偿还(欠款);报复;回报
payforsth.付某物的钱;为某事物付出代价
paysb.forsth.因某事物给某人报酬
payavisitto参观;拜访
payattentionto注意;留心
8.ingood/poorcondition状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)
|对接高考|——完成句子
①Youcankeepthebookfortwoweeksonconditionthat(条件是)youpreservethemwell.
②Onnoconditionshouldyouloseheart(你绝不应该丧失信心)whenyouareintrouble.
③Mikeisoutofcondition(身体不好)becausehenevertakesanyexercise.
|考点归纳|
(1)outofcondition健康状况欠佳
(2)onconditionthat...条件是……;倘若……
onnocondition一点也不;绝不(放在句首时,句子用部分倒装语序)
(3)working/living/studyingconditions工作/生活/学习环境
9.Theadvantageisthat...优势是……
(教材佳句)Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.
其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病,这类动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。
|对接高考|——单句语法填空
①Theadvantageoftheapproachisthatwecansavemoney.
②Thechanceisthathewon'tattendthemeetingtomorrow.
|考点归纳|
thechanceisthat...有可能……
thedisadvantage(of...)isthat...(……的)不足是……
thedrawback(of...)isthat...(……的)缺点是……
theproblem(of...)isthat...(……的)问题是……
thestrength(of...)isthat...(……的)优势是……
●
Part1
Part2
Whenitestocloning,people'sideasdiffer.Somepeopleareinfavourofitsdevelopment.Somefeelcastdownbecausetheythinkitisnotmorallyreasonableandshouldbeforbidden.Actuallymanycountriesundertakeitandobtaingreatbreakthroughs.Soweareunabletoresistit.
Areyouinfavourofcloninghumanbeings?
Especiallywhenyourhealthisinpoorcondition,youdefinitelywanttobringyourselfbacktolife.However,forsomediseases,traditionaltreatmentsareofteninvain.Fromtimetotimescientiststhinkofwaystotreatthem,oneofwhichiscloning.
———————————◄随堂检测·基础过关►———————————
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Theseearlysettlersowedtheirsurvivaltohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.
2.Idon'twantto