高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材知识突破选修八Unit2Cloning学案新人教版.docx

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高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材知识突破选修八Unit2Cloning学案新人教版.docx

高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材知识突破选修八Unit2Cloning学案新人教版

Unit2 Cloning

———————————◄基础盘点·自测自评►———————————

阅读单词

快速排查本单元阅读词汇并在不认识的词汇前划√

□twinn.&adj.□straightforwardadj.□arbitraryadj.

□mediumn.□faten.□castvt.□moraladj.□conservativeadj.

□constitutionn. □pulsoryadj.□operan. □chorusn. 

□loafn. □flourn. □impactn. □feathern. □turkeyn. 

□hatchvt.&vi.

核心单词

1.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……

2.bothervt.打扰 vi.操心 n.烦扰

3.obtainvt.获得;赢得

4.exactadj.精确的;准确的

5.attainvt.获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等)

6.unableadj.不能的;不会的

7.drawbackn.缺点;不利条件

8.breakthroughn.突破

9.altogetheradv.总共;完全地

10.initialadj.最初的;开始的

11.shortlyadv.立刻;不久

拓展单词

1.differvi.不同;相异→differentadj.不同的→differencen.差异;区别

2.undertakevt.着手;从事;承担→undertook(过去式)→undertaken(过去分词)

3.correctionn.改正;修正;纠正→correctvt.改正;纠正;批改

4.objectvi.反对;不赞成→objectionn.不赞成;反对;异议→objectiveadj.客观的

5.mediumn.媒介;手段;工具→median.(medium的复数)大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)

6.forbidvt.禁止;不准→forbade/forbad(过去式)→forbidden(过去分词)

7.assumptionn.假定;设想→assumevt.假定;设想

8.strikevt.&vi.打;撞击;罢工 n.罢工→struck(过去式)→struck/stricken(过去分词)

9.vainadj.虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的→vanityn.自负;虚荣心;无意义

10.resistvt.抵抗;对抗→resistancen.抵抗;对抗→resistantadj.有抵抗力的;抵制的(拓展速记1)

11.merelyadv.仅;只;不过→mereadj.仅仅的

12.decorationn.装饰→decoratevt.装饰;装修

13.adorevt.崇拜;爱慕;喜爱→adorern.崇拜者;赞美者;热爱者

14.reasonableadj.合情理的;讲道理的;公道的→reasonn.理由;道理

[语境活用] 用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Everyoneisforbiddentoenterthisforbiddenground.(forbid)

2.Inwesterncountries,everyfamilydecoratestheChristmastreeswithmaterialsonChristmasEve;thehometakesonawonderfullookwithallthesedecorations.(decorate)

3.Nowadaysfewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofmoney.Whoeverisresistanttoitisboundtoachievealotintheirlife.(resist)

4.Ididn'tsaythatIwantedtobuyitbutmerely(mere)askedfortheprice.

5.Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable(reason),soallofusdidn'tacceptit.

6.Don'tassumethatyouareaprincessandstoplivinginassumptionsanymore.(assume)

7.Althoughtheyaretwins,theydifferfromeachotherinmanyaspects.Oneoftheirmajordifferencesisthattheyhavedifferentcharacters.(differ)

8.Manypeopleraisedanobjectiontothenewsreport,arguingthatitisnotobjective.(object)

走进高考

1.obtain熟义:

vt.获得;赢得 生义:

v.存在;沿袭

Thelongerthissituationobtains,themoreextensivetheproblemsbee.

2.undertake熟义:

vt.着手;从事;承担 生义:

v.承诺;允诺;答应

HeundertooktofinishthejobbyFriday.

1.payoff 得到好结果;取得成功;偿清(拓展速记2,3)

2.castdown 使失望;使沮丧

3.infavourof 赞成;支持

4.(be)boundto(do)... 一定或注定(做)……

5.strike...intoone'sheart 使……刻骨铭心

6.fromtimetotime 不时;偶尔

7.bringbacktolife 使复生;使复活

8.invain 白费力气;枉费心机

9.ingood/poorcondition 状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)

[语境活用] 用左栏短语的适当形式填空

1.Hisparentstriedtopersuadehimnottogiveuphiswellpaidjob,buttheireffortswereinvain.

2.Theathlete'syearsofhardtrainingpaidoffwhenshefinallywontheOlympicgoldmedal.

3.Don'tletyourselfbecastdownbyasmallfailureintheexperiment,tryagain.

4.Inancienttimes,peoplebelievedthattheycouldbebroughtbacktolifeafterdeath.

5.You'vedonesomuchworkthatyouareboundtopasstheexam.

6.Heisingoodconditionforamanofhisage.

1.that引导同位语从句

[原句]ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbeeseriouslyill.

接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。

[仿写] 我们足球队赢了比赛的消息令人鼓舞。

Thenewsthatourfootballteamhadwonthematchwasencouraging.

2.疑问词+插入语+其他部分

[原句]Whatdoyouthinkisthewriter'spointofviewinthisreadingpassage?

你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么?

[仿写] 这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣?

Whichpartofthisbookdoyouthinkisthemostinteresting?

3.Theadvantageisthat...“优势是……”

[原句]Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.

其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病,这类动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。

[仿写] 骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。

Theadvantageofcyclingtoworkisthatwecanlivealowcarbonlife.

1.“resist”形近词集锦

assistv.协助

assistantn.助手

consistvi.由……组成

consistentadj.始终如一的

insistv.坚持

resistvt.抵抗

2.“v.+off”短语小结

(一)

breakoff打断;折断;中止;中断

carryoff夺走;赢走(奖项)

eoff从……离开;脱落

cutoff切断

dropoff(纽扣等)脱落;(使、让)下车

getoff下车;脱下

giveoff发出(光、热、气等)

gooff走开;(铃)响了

keepoff勿踏;勿踩

payoff得到好结果;取得成功;偿清

3.“v.+off”短语小结

(二)

putoff推迟;延迟

seeoff送行

sendoff寄出;发出(信件等)

setoff出发;燃放(烟火等);激起

showoff炫耀

shutoff关闭

takeoff脱下;起飞;成功

turnoff关闭(水、电器等)

———————————◄考点串讲·重点突破►———————————

1.differvi.不同;相异;(意见)有分歧

|对接高考|——单句语法填空

①(2019年全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解)Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently(different).

②(2017年卷阅读理解)Iknewitwasthedifference(different)betweenlifeanddeath.

③(2017年某某卷阅读理解)Beforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.

④(2016年卷阅读理解)Becauseacollegemunity(群体)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.

|考点归纳|

(1)differfrom...不同于……;和……不同

differin...在……方面不同

differwithsb.on/about/oversth.在某事上和某人有分歧/异议

(2)makeadifferenceto...对……有影响/起作用

tellthedifferencebetweenAandB分清A和B

(3)bedifferentfrom...in...在……方面与……不同

2.objectvi.反对;不赞成n.物体;目标

|对接高考|——单句语法填空

①Itisnecessarytoholdanobjective(object)attitudetowardsratings.

②Despiteobjections(object)bytheWhiteHouse,theSenatevotedtodaytocutoffaid.

③However,othersstronglyobjecttoowning(own)privatecars.

|考点归纳|

(1)objecttosb./sth.反对;不赞成某人/某事

objecttodoingsth.反对做某事

(2)objectionn.反对;厌恶;不赞成;异议

raiseanobjectiontosth.对某事提出异议

have/makean/noobjectionto(doing)sth.对(做)某事表示反对/不反对

(3)objectiveadj.真实的;客观的;无偏见的

|能力提升|——句型转换

④Moreandmorestudentsobjecttotheplan.

→Moreandmorestudentsraise/have/makeanobjectiontotheplan.(objection)

3.forbidvt.禁止;不准

|对接高考|——单句语法填空

①Theguardforbadeustolook(look)outofthewindowwhenthetrainwasmoving.

②Theregulationsforbidsmoking(smoke)inthelibrary.

③InsomeMiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshisforbidden(forbid),especiallyifyou'reawoman.

|考点归纳|

forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事

forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事

forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事

It'sforbiddentodosth.做某事是禁止的

4.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归因于……;归功于……

|对接高考|——单句语法填空/单句改错

①Owing(owe)toherbalanceddietandregularexercise,sheisveryslim.

②WeowetoomuchtoourPLAmen,withoutwhomwecouldn'thavesurvivedthedisaster.

③Heowestohisfatherthathehasbeensosuccessful.owes后加it

|考点归纳|

(1)owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物;把某事归功于某人

oweittosb.todosth.应该为某人做某事

(2)owingto由于

5.bothervt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰;令人烦恼的事或人

|对接高考|——单句语法填空

①Didyouhavebotherinfinding(find)thehouse?

②Iamsorrytohavebotheredyouwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.

③Itbothersmetothink(think)ofheraloneinthatbighouse.

|考点归纳|

(1)bothertodo/doingsth.费心做某事

Itbotherssb.that/todosth.使某人苦恼的是做某事

bothersb.withsth.用某事麻烦某人

(2)putsb.toanybother给某人添乱

whybother没有必要吧;何苦那么麻烦

6.strikevt.&vi.打;罢工;(时钟等)敲响报(时);擦(火柴);撞击;侵袭;给(某人以……)印象;突然想起n.罢工;打击

|对接高考|——写出下列黑体单词的含义

①Thelittlegirlstruckamatchandlitacandle.擦(火柴)

②Asnowstormstruckthecitylastmonth.袭击

③TheworkersinFrancehavebeenonstrikeforseveraldays.罢工

④Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthetouristarea.给……以深刻印象

⑤AwonderfulideastruckmesuddenlywhenIwaswalkingonthestreet.突然想起

⑥Igotupearlythismorningbeforetheclockstruckfive.(钟)报时

|考点归纳|

(1)bestruckwith/by...为……所袭击(感动)

Itstrikesmethat...我突然想到……;我的印象是……

sth.strikessb.(=sb.strikesonsth.)某人想到某事

(2)beonstrike在罢工

goonstrike举行罢工

|能力提升|——完成句子

⑦StruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake(被西湖的美景所感动),westoppedtoadmirethebeautifulscenery.

⑧Itstruckmethat(我突然想到)playingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmomentforallthegirlsontheteam.

7.payoff得到好结果;取得成功;偿清

|对接高考|——单句语法填空

①Whatdelightedhimwasthatheatlastpaidoffallhisdebts.

②Hehadtoworkparttimesoastopayforhisschoolfee.

③Iamsurethathewillpaybackeverycentheowesyou.

|考点归纳|

payback偿还(欠款);报复;回报

payforsth.付某物的钱;为某事物付出代价

paysb.forsth.因某事物给某人报酬

payavisitto参观;拜访

payattentionto注意;留心

8.ingood/poorcondition状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)

|对接高考|——完成句子

①Youcankeepthebookfortwoweeksonconditionthat(条件是)youpreservethemwell.

②Onnoconditionshouldyouloseheart(你绝不应该丧失信心)whenyouareintrouble.

③Mikeisoutofcondition(身体不好)becausehenevertakesanyexercise.

|考点归纳|

(1)outofcondition健康状况欠佳

(2)onconditionthat...条件是……;倘若……

onnocondition一点也不;绝不(放在句首时,句子用部分倒装语序)

(3)working/living/studyingconditions工作/生活/学习环境

9.Theadvantageisthat...优势是……

(教材佳句)Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.

其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病,这类动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。

|对接高考|——单句语法填空

①Theadvantageoftheapproachisthatwecansavemoney.

②Thechanceisthathewon'tattendthemeetingtomorrow.

|考点归纳|

thechanceisthat...有可能……

thedisadvantage(of...)isthat...(……的)不足是……

thedrawback(of...)isthat...(……的)缺点是……

theproblem(of...)isthat...(……的)问题是……

thestrength(of...)isthat...(……的)优势是……

Part1

Part2

Whenitestocloning,people'sideasdiffer.Somepeopleareinfavourofitsdevelopment.Somefeelcastdownbecausetheythinkitisnotmorallyreasonableandshouldbeforbidden.Actuallymanycountriesundertakeitandobtaingreatbreakthroughs.Soweareunabletoresistit.

Areyouinfavourofcloninghumanbeings?

Especiallywhenyourhealthisinpoorcondition,youdefinitelywanttobringyourselfbacktolife.However,forsomediseases,traditionaltreatmentsareofteninvain.Fromtimetotimescientiststhinkofwaystotreatthem,oneofwhichiscloning.

———————————◄随堂检测·基础过关►———————————

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Theseearlysettlersowedtheirsurvivaltohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.

2.Idon'twantto

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