农村区域发展专业英语教案doc.docx

农村区域发展专业英语教案doc.docx

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农村区域发展专业英语教案doc

农村区域发展专业英语教案（首页）

授课时间教案编写时间

课程名称

EnglishCourseforruralregiondevelopment

课程代码

5101026

总学时48

讲课：

48学

时

实验：

学时

实习：

周

学分

3

课程性质

必修课（V）选修课（）所屈

理论课（）实验课（）学院

经济贸易学院

任课教师

赵俊权

职称

副教授

授课对象

农村区域发展专业2005年1班级

教材和主要参考资料

SeriesofEnglishCoursesof21stCenturyEnglishCourseforruralregiondevelopment

教学目的与要求

Agriculturaleconomicsmaybedefinedasanappliedsocialsciencedealingwithhowhumanschoosetousetechnicalknowledgeandscarceproductiveresourcessuchasland,labor,capital,andmanagementtoproducefoodandfiberandtodistributeitforconsumptiontovariousmembersofsocietyovertime.Likeeconomics,agriculturaleconomicsseekstodiscovercause-effectrelationships*

教学重点与难点

Agricultureisaverylarge,heterogeneousindustry.Itinvolvesmanytypesofbusinessesinproducinganddistributingfoodandfibertoconsumers.Agricultureincludesfarms;creditandsupplyfirms;marketing,processing,anddistributionfirms;restaurants,andretailers.

教学进程

第1-3次课

第4-6次课

第7-9次

课

第10-12次

课

第13-15次

课

第16-18

次课

第19-21

次课

第22-24

次课

授课章节

Unit1AgriculturalEconomics

Unit2TheFarmandFoodSystem

Unit3InternationalTrade

Unit4ConsumerBehaviorandDemand

Unit5IndifferenceCurves

Unit6PriceElasticityofDemand

Unit7ProducerDecisionMaking:

Single-VariableInput

Functions

Unit8ValueRelationships

学时

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

备注

项目

内容

Unitl

AgriculturalEconomics

学时

6

教学目的

Howtounderstandagriculturaleconomy

教学重点

theagriculturalindustry

教学难点

Thecyclicalnatureofproduction

教

学

内

容

Agriculturaleconomicsmaybedefinedasappliedsocialsciencedealing*Withhowhumanschoosetousetechnicalknowledgeandscarceproductiveresourcessuchasland,labor,capital,andmanagementtoproducefoodandfiberandtodistributeitforconsumptiontovariousmembersofsocietyovertime.Likeeconomics,agriculturaleconomicsseekstodiscovercause-effectrelationships.Itusesthescientificmethodandeconomictheorytofindanswerstoproblemsinagricultureandagribusiness*

Thefollowingrapidgrowthintheranksofprofessionalagriculturaleconomists,andtheever-increasingpublicuseoftheirspecialtalents,beartestimonytotheforesightofthoseearlypioneeringtheorists.Mostbeginningstudentsprobablyhaveonlyavagueconceptofagriculturaleconomics.Forthestudent,itisablendofmanysubjectareas.Anagriculturaleconomicscurriculumordinarilyincludesclassesintechnicalagriculture,science,statistics,mathematics,business,generaleconomics,andothersocialsciences.Studentstakingacurriculuminagriculturaleconomicsmaymajorinsuchareasasfarmmanagement,productioneconomics,agriculturalmarketing,agriculturalpolicy,finance,economicdevelopment,naturalresources,andcommunitydevelopmentorpublicaffairs.

教学案例或实例

Howtounderstandagriculture

教学方式

lecture

作业

Howtounderstandthecharacteristicsofagriculture

项目

内容

Unit2

TheFarmandFoodSystem

学时

6

教学目的

Howtoestablishtheorganizationofagriculturalproduction

教学重点

thevalueoffarmproductssold

教学难点

farmermarketingcooperatives

教

学

内

容

Agricultureisanintegralpartofthegeneraleconomicsystem.Wesubdivideournationaleconomysothatthefundamentalstructurecanbeseen.Producingfirmsandconsumersarethecentraleconomicunitsinthesystem.

ManypeopleareconcernedaboutcorporateactivityinagriculturebecauseoftheeconomicconsequencesthatcouldoccurwithconcentratedresourcecontroLAsaresult,somestateshaveattemptedtolimitthegrowthofcorporationfarming.LawspassedinseveralstatesprohibitcorporatefarmingeStatutesrestrictingcorporatefarminghavebeenenactedinseveralotherstates.Somestateshavelawsrequiringcorporationstoreportthelandthattheyowninthestate.Morethanone-halfofthestatesalsohavelawsrestrictingownershipofrealpropertybyaliens,withagreatdealofvariationintherestraintsprovidedbytheselawsastheyareappliedtoalienownershipofproperty.

Manyproducersareconcernedaboutfarmingcorporationsbecausetheythinkcorporationsaremoreefficientandthattheirsizegivesthemmarketadvantages,whichmayputthefamily-farmoperatorsatacompetitivedisadvantage*Farmersbelievecapitalmarkets,volumebuyingofproductioninputs,andvolumessellingofoutputaffordadvantagestocorporatefarmsthatarenotavailabletothem.However,moststudiesshowthatmoderate-sizedfamilyfarmsareasefficientasmostcorporatefarms*Withthissituationplusthegenerallylowreturnstoagriculturalinvestments,onewouldexpectverylittlegrowthincorporateagriculture.

教学案例或实例

Organizationalcategoriesofagriculturalproduction

教学方式

Lecture

作业

Howtounderstandtheorganizationofagriculturalproduction

项目

内容

Unit3

ConsumerBehaviorandDemand

学时

6

教学目的

Howtounderstandconsumerbehavioranddemand

教学重点

consumerthebehavior

教学难点

DiminishingMarginalUtility

教

学

内

容

Thischapterconcentratesonlyonhouseholds,orconsumers,andthebehaviorofpeopleinmeetingtheirdesireforgoodsandservices.Itisintheobservedmarketbehaviorofpeoplethattheconceptofdemandrests.Whiledemandwillbespecificallydiscussedlaterinthechapter,sufficeittosayatthispointthatdemandmeansthequantitiesofaproductboughtatalternativepricesholdingeverythingelseconstant*Whenconsumerbehaviorisstudied,certaincharacteristicscanbenoted.

Onefeatureisthatconsumersspendeverythingtheyearnongoodsandservices,includingsavings.Anotheristhatconsumersneverseemtogetenoughofmostthings.Wecaninferfromthischaracteristicofconsumerbehaviorthathumanwantsareinsatiableandthatmoreispreferredtoless.Oneofthereasonsconsumersdonotbuyinfinitequantitiesofeverythingisthattheyhavealimitedamountofmoneyincome.Ineconomics,weassumethatconsumers,withagivenmoneyincome,willpurchaseclothing,housing,food,haircuts,andalltheotherthingsthattheywantinamountsthatwillmaximizeutilityorsatisfactionforthem.Theutilityofaproductorserviceisderivedfromtheinherentcharacteristicsorqualitiesthatcausethemtobedesired.Thesemaybeobjectiveorsubjectivequalities*

Butitisunlikelythattwoindividualswouldattainthesameutilityorsatisfactionfromtheconsumptionofthesameamountofaproduct.

教学案例或实例

Consumer'sutility

教学方式

Lecture

作业

Howtoconsumer'sutility

项目

内容

Unit4

ValueRelationship

学时

6

教学目的

Howtounderstandvaluerelationship

教学重点

AdjustingtoPriceChange

教学难点

MarginalFactorCost

教

学

内

容

WethenaredirectedtocomparingthevaluesofproductswiththevaluesofinputsusedLipintheirproduction.Asafirststep,acoupleofassumptionswillbeusefulandevenabitrealistic:

（1）Therearesomanyfirmsproducingthisproductthattheactionsofanyonefirmwillhavenoinfluencewhatsoeveroneitherinputorproductprices;and

（2）thatthemarketdoesnotdifferentiateonefirm'sproductfromthatofanother,thatis,thefirmsproduceahomogeneousproduct.Thusifacornproducerweretoshutdowncompletelyor,alternatively,toproducethelastpossibleextrabushelofcorn,themarketpriceofcornwouldnotbeaffected.Andprovidedthatthecornmeetscertainqualitystandards,oneproducer'scornwillnotbediscriminatedagainstorofferedapremiumoverthatofotherfirmsproducingcorn.

Ourassumptionaboutunchangingpricesnvasvalidregardingindividualfirthdecisions,butthatdoesnftmeanthatweareunabletocopewithchangingresourceandproductprices,orthatweevenexpectthemtoremainunchanged.Changeisafactoflife,inmarketsasinanythingelse.Changingeconomicconditions,intotalmarketsupplyanddemandcausefrequentpriceadjustmentsinbothresourceandproductmarkets.Soouroptimumiscorrect,notforalltime,butonlyuntilanotherpricechangeoccurs,thenanadjustmentinX,usemustagainbemadetofindanewoptimum.

教学案例或实例

Valuestructureofproducts

教学方式

lecture

作业

Howtounderstandthevalueofproducts

项目

内容

Unit5

ProducerDecisionMaking

学时

6

教学目的

Howtounderstandproducer'sdecisionmaking

教学重点

VariableInputsandEnterpriseSelection

教学难点

VariableInputFunction

教

学

内

容

Inthepreviouschapter,wediscussedthesimplestproductionfunctions,specifically:

（1）asingle,composite,variableinputfunctionwithnothingfixed,anditsconstantreturns;and

（2）asingle-variableinputfunctionwithotherresourcesheldconstant.Thisfunctionalrelationshipbetweenavariablefactoranditsproductissometimesreferredtoasthefactor-productrelationship.

Agriculturalproductiondecisionsareseldomsosimplethattheoperatorcanchooseasinglecroporsinglelivestockenterpriseasthefirm'sonlyproduct-Cropfarmstypicallyproducetwoormoredifferenttypesofgraincrops;stockranchesfrequentlyproducebothlivestockandgrainorforagecrops,oreventwoormoretypesoflivestock.Therelationshipbetweenenterprisesisreferredtoastheproduct-productrelationship.Thesetwogeneralproblemareas-factorfactorandproduct-product-andtheeconomiccriteriaformakingthesechoices,aredealtwithinturninthischapter

Anenterpriseisaspecificcroportypeoflivestockfromwhichproductsareobtained,forexample,cotton,wheat,beefcattle,hogs,oronions.Inwhichtousethevariableresources.Physicalrelationshipsandeconomicfactorscauseproducerstochooseoneparticularsetofresourcesandnotsomeothercombinationwithwhichtoproducetheirproducts.Basicinthischoiceistheinteractionbetweeninputsandtheireffectontheproductivityoftheemp