浙江高考英语真题和解析.docx

浙江高考英语真题和解析.docx

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浙江高考英语真题和解析

2021年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江）

英语

选择题部分

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

Morethan25yearsago,SarooBrierleylivedinniral（农村）India.Oneday,heplayedwithhisbrotheralongtheraillineandfellasleep.Whenhewokeupandfoundhiniselfalone,the4-year-olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim—sohegoton.

Thattraintookhimatliousaiidmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.Helivedonthestreets,andtheninanorphanage丿U皖）.There,hewasadoptedbyailAustralianfamilyandflowntoTasmania.

Ashewritesinhisnewbook.ALongWayHome.Brierleycouldn'thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackmIndia.Herememberedlandmarks,butsincehedidn'tknowhistown'sname,findingasmallneigliborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobem^ossible.

Thenhefoundadigitalniappmgprogram.Hespentyearssearchuigforhishometownintheprogramssatellitepictures.In2011,hecameacrosssomethmgfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookmgatatown'scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird's-eyevi已w.Hethought「'Ontheright-handsideyoushouldseethethree-platformtramstation—andthereitwas."Andonthelefbhandsideyoushouldseeabigfbuntam'、一andthereitwas.Ewrythmgjuststartedtomatch.

Whenhestoodinfrontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild,hesawaladystandingindieentrance.^There'ssomethuigaboutme,"hethought—andittookhimafewsecondsbuthefiliallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.

InaninterviewBrierleysays,€MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedfbnvard、andIwalkedfbnvard,andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain,youknow,itwaslikeanuclearfiision（核聚变）.Ijustdidn'tknowwhattosay,becauseIneverthouglitseemgmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher."

21.WhywasBrierleyseparatedfromhisfamilyabout25yearsago?

A.Hegotonatrainbymistake.B.Hegotlostwhileplayinginthestreet.

C.Hewastakenawaybyaforeigner.D.HewasadoptedbyanAustralian

family.

23.WhatdoesBrierleymainlytalkaboutintheinterview?

A.Hisloveforhismother.B.Hisreunionwithhismotlier.

C.Hislongwaybackhome.

D.Hismemoryofhishometown.

Atthestartofthe20thcentury,ailAmericanengineernamedJolmElfretliWatkinsmadepredictionsaboutlifetoday.Hispredictionsaboutslowingpopulationgrowthmobilephonesandmcreasiiigheightwereclosetodiemark.Buthewaswronginoneprediction:

thateverybodywouldwalk10milesaday.

TodayillAustralia,mostchildrenonaveragefall2.000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytlieyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly1970s,40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschool,whilein2010,itwasaslowas15percent.

Thedeclineisnotbecausewelia^-eallbecomelazy.Familiesarepressedfortime,manywithbothparentsworkmgtopayfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftlieirchoosing,livingincar-dq）endentneigliborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.

Theothersideofthecomisequallyadeprivation:

forhealthandwell-being,aswellaslostoppomuiities（机会）forchildrentogettoknowtheirlocalsurroundings.Andforparentstherearelostopporttimtiestowalkandtalkwiththenyoungscholarabouttheirday.

Mostparentswillhax*eeagerlyaskedtheirchildabouttheirdayonlytomeetwitha八good、'，quicklyfollowedbyTmhungry"Thisisalsomyexperienceasamother.Butsomewhereoverdiedailywalkmoreaboutmyson'sdaycomesout.Ihearlmnmakingsenseof&lendshipanditslimits.Thisistheluiexpectedandrareparentalopportunitytohearmore.

Manyprimaryschoolssupportwalkingschool-biisroutes（乍各线），withdaysofregular,parent-accompainedwalks.Doingjustoneoftlieseafewtunesaweekisbetterthannotlmig.Itcanbetouglitobeginandtakesalittleplaimmg—runningshoesbythefrontdoor,lunchesmadetliexuglitbefore,umbrellasonrainydaysandhatsonhotones—butit’scertainlyworthtrying.

24.WhydoestheauthormentionWatkins'predictionsinthefirstparagraph?

A.Tomakecomparisons.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Tosupportherargument.D.Toprovideexamples.

25.WhathascausedthedecreaseinAustralianchildren'sphysicalactivity?

A.Plamlaziness.B.Healthproblems.

C.Lackoftime.D.Securityconcerns.

26.Whydoestheauthorfindwalkingwithhersonworthwhile?

A.Shecangetrelaxedafterwork.B.Shecankeepphysicallyfit.

C.Shecanhelpwitliherson'sstudy.D.Shecanknowhersonbetter.

Researcherssaytheyha\-etranslatedthemeamiigofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees（黑猩猩）usetocommunicate.Theysaywildclumpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha"vocabulary、of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchinasinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaiiingfiilexchanges.

DrCatliermeHobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidtliattliiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretlieydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.

"That'swhat'ssoamazmgaboutclumpgestures/'shesaid.^They'retheonlythingthatlookslikehiunanlanguageinthatrespect."

Althouglipreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexiiifbnnationfromanotheranimafscall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifiereiicebetweencallsandgestures.DrHobaitersaid.

Chinaswillchecktoseeiftlieyhavetheattentionofdieanmialwitliwhichtheywishtocomnnuiicate.Inonecase,amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby,sigiiallmg:

“Climbonme/'Tlieyoungstermunediatelyjumpsontoitsmother'sbackandtheytravelofftogether.fcHiebigmessage&omthisstudyisthatthereisaiiotlierspecies（物种）outtherethatismeaiimgfiilinitscoinmiimcation.sothat'snotuniquetohumans,"saidDrHobaite匸

DrSusaimeShultz,ailevolutionarybiologist&omdieUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftlieevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere"alittledisappointing：

"Thevaguenessoftliegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwearestillmissingalotofdieinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions/'shesaid.“Jdoreovei;themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconteywithnon-verbalcommunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains/'

27.WhatdochimpsandhiuiianshateincommonaccordmgtoDrHobaiter?

A.Memorizingspecificwords.B.Understandingcomplexinfbnnation.

C.Usingvoicestocommumcate.D.Communicatingmessagesonpurpose.

28.WhatdidDrShultztlmikofthestudy?

A.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.

B.Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.

C.Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.

D.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gulf'inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Difference.B.Conflict.C.Balance.D.

Connection.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Chimpanzeebehaviourstudyachie\-edabreaktlirougli

B.Chimpanzeesdevelopedspecificcommunicationskills

C.Chimpanzees:

diesmartestspeciesintheanimalkmgdom

D.Chimpanzeelanguage:

communicationgesturestranslated

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Yourunmtothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed,headtodiefront,andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.

Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotillotherlilieslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftodieparkinglot.31

Itturnsout.it'sjustmathworkmgagainstyou;chancesare,theotlierlinereallyisfaster.

Grocerystorestrytohateenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithmmimumdelay.32Aliysmallinterruption—apricecheck,achattycustomer—canhavedownstreameffects,lioldmgupanentireline.

Iftherearetlireelinesindiestore,delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability:

33Soit'snotjustinyourniind:

Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.

Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwitlithisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong,snakingline—calledaserpentineline—andserveeachpersonatthewithdienext

availableregister.34Tliisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast-foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline,alongdelayatoneregisterwonIunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbeliindit.Instead,itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.

35Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquicklyandsomestorescan'tafiorddiespaceornianpowe匚Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe:

Goodluck.

A.Whydoestliisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?

B.Sowhydon'tmostplacesencourageserpentmelines?

C.Someofthemmayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostailhour

D.Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.

E.Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?

F.Withthreeregisters,thismetliodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.

G.Butsometimes,asonaSundayafternoon,thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题：

每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

LastyearIdecidedtodosomevohmteerwork.Ibeganto36ontheInternetanddiscoveredVohmteei・USA.TlireemontlislaterI37myselfonaplanetoPhoenix.Arizona.Iwas38atthethoughtoflivingwitliloadso