翻译课件.docx
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翻译课件
定语的翻译技巧
I、是名词还是形容词
•环境意识
environmentawarenessorenvironmentalawareness?
•地球表面(地表)
Earthsurface;globalsurface
•校历
schoolcalendar;academiccalendar
国际政治
worldpolitics;global/internationalpolitics
•粮食危机
afoodcrisis
•经济危机
aneconomiccrisis
•农产品
farmproduce;agriculturalproducts
•人口爆炸
populationexplosion
•商品经济
commodityeconomy
•计划生育
familyplanning;[医]birthcontrol
•计划经济
plannedeconomy
•市场调控
marketregulationandcontrol
•人才外流
braindrain
组织机构可用“s”的形式
•中国政府
China‘sgovernment;theChinesegovernment
•中国的人权纪录
China’shumanrightsrecords;theChinesehumanrightsrecords
•日本楼市的泡沫
BubblesinJapan‘shousingmarket;bubblesintheJapanesehousingmarket
•欧盟的共同农业政策
EuropeanUnion’sCommonAgriculturalPolicy
例外
•联合国宪章theUNcharter
•一份最近的世卫组织报告arecentWHOreport
(WHO:
WorldHealthOrganization)
•美国政府theUSgovernment
II、前置性多字修饰语
A)名词-名词
•制定减排目标
tosetemission-reductiontargets
•温室气体效应
greenhouse-gaseffect
•一家垃圾处理公司
awaste-disposalcompany
B)形容词-名词
•外交委员会
foreign-relationscommittee
•高科技产业
high-techindustries;hi-techindustries
•短期解决方案
ashort-termsolution
•一家生态服务公司
anecological-servicecompany
•远程导弹
long-rangemissiles
III、后置性多字修饰语
A)名词+介词短语/to-不定式[修饰语]
•美国国务院的高级官员们
high-rankingofficialsfromtheStateDepartment
•美朝核危机
theunclearcrisisbetweenAmericaandNorthKorea
•正在建设中的网站
awebsiteunderconstruction
•中东的和平进程
peaceprogressintheMiddleEast
•解决该问题的方法
asolutiontotheproblem
•对健康的影响
effectonhealth
•战争的结束
theendofthewar
•结束一切战争的战争
thewartoendallwars
•刺激消费的经济举措
theeconomicmeasurestostimulateconsumption
•增加出口的需要
theneedtoincreaseoutput/export
•学好英语的愿望
thewishtolearnEnglishwell
•从“非典”中存活的可能性
thepossibility/chancetosurviveSARS
•出国深造的决定
thedecisiontogoabroadformoreadvanced/furtherstudy
•关停5000万千瓦小火发电站
toclosedownsmallthermalpowerplantwiththetotalpower-generatingcapacityof50millionkilowatts;
toclosedown50-million-kilowatt-capacitysmallthermalpowerplant
•淘汰3000万吨炼钢产能炼钢厂
toshutdownsteelmillswiththetotalproductioncapacityof30milliontons;
toshutdown30-million-ton-production-capacitysteelmills
B)名词+分词短语[修饰语]
•为社区服务的志愿者
volunteersservingthecommunity
•受美国控制的政治党派
politicalpartiescontrolledbytheUSA;
theUS-controlledpoliticalparties
Question:
如何判断是US-controlled还是US-controlling?
Question:
如何判断是US-controlled还是US-controlling?
注:
US-controlledpoliticalparties
=US+control+politicalparties
如果逻辑关系成立,用done;否则用doing。
Eg:
machine-madeshoes=machine+make+shoes
sun-driedgrapes=sun+dry+grapes
energy-savingindustry≠energy+save+industry
•以知识为基础的经济
theeconomybasedonknowledge;
theknowledge-basedeconomy
•在美国留学的中国学生
theChinesestudentsstudyinginAmerica
•会上提出的建议
theproposalsputforwardatthemeeting
C)名词+that/which/who/whose/when/where从句[修饰语]
•等待即将把她送往澳洲的国际班机
toawait/waitfortheinternationalflightthatwilltakehertoAustralia
•他受伤的那天
thedaywhenhewasinjured/wounded
•他母亲遇害的地点
theplacewherehismotherwaskilled/murdered
句子翻译练习
•在国家关系上,我们主张,避免因无知和偏见引起的冲突。
Intermsofinternational/staterelations,weproposeavoidingignorance-andprejudice-inducedconflicts/clashes.
.……….propose/claimtoavoidconflicts/clashesinducedbyignoranceandprejudice.
•为我们所赖以生存的地球尽到我们应有的责任和义务。
Wemustperformourduties/responsibilitiesandfulfillourobligationsfortheEarthonwhichwesurvive/exist.(survive/existon靠…生存;靠…生活)
………uponwhichwedependforsurvival.
•杜邦中国集团有限公司总经理李江表示:
“我们认为企业社会责任是企业与利益相关人之间的关系,它包括与世界各地的客户、供应商、员工、社会和股东之间的关系”。
“CorporateSocialResponsibility(CSR),webelieve,istherelationshipbetweenthecorporateanditsinterestedparties,coveringtherelationshipwithitsclientsallovertheworld,suppliers,staff,communitiesaswellasshareholders,”saidLiJiang,PresidentofChinaDupontGroupLtd.
•interestedparties[广义]有关各方;利益相关团体
(interestedgroups利益集团)
•stakeholder[狭义]利益相关者,(大)股东,享有股份或利润的人
•shareholder(小)股东,股民
•president,chairman等词用作职务(职衔)称呼时,大写,不用冠词;用作名词指代某一个人时(一般后面不再写出人名),小写,必须用冠词。
Thepresidentcannotyetbedescribedasafailure.
AbrahamLincoln,PresidentoftheUnitedStates,wasnotveryhandsome.
IV、with-structure表示“具有、拥有”时可作定语
•今天,把中国的事情办好对中国人民和世界人民都具有特别重要的意义,因为我们是一个13亿人口的大国,客观条件要求我们走出一条节约资源、注重生态、可持续发展的工业化之路。
Today,properlyhandling/dealingwithChina’saffairsisofparticularlygreatsignificanceforthepeoplesofChinaandeventheworldbecauseChinaisalargecountrywithapopulationof1.3billion/with1.3billionpopulation.Therealityrequiresustoblazearesources-conserving/saving,eco-friendly,sustainable-developmenttrailtowardindustrialization.
•节约资源save/conserve/economize(on)reso