高考英语热点动词十五类精编版.docx

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高考英语热点动词十五类精编版

新课标高考英语热点动词十五类

动词是英语中最活跃的词类,是句子的核心成分。

此外,英语动词的变化较多,形式颇为复杂,是英语学习的难点之一。

历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点,在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。

我们通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析,归纳常考动词十五类,供大家参考。

一、连系动词类

连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下3种:

1.变化类表事物发展变化的过程,如become,go,turn,grow,get,fall等。

2.感觉类表人体部位的感受,如feel,smell,taste,look,soundappear,seem,look等。

3.状态类表事物所处的状态,如keep,come,run,remain,stand,lie,stay,prove等。

连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。

除了少数几个(如feel,get,become,grow等)外,不用于进行时态和被动结构。

例如:

Themixtureistastedterrible.(误)

Themixturetastesterrible(正)

【高考例题】

(1)---Doyoulikethematerial?

---Yes,it____verysoft.(NMET94)

(西安分卷3)

A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt

(2)Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?

Itwill____freshforseveraldays.(NMET03)

A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed

(3)Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheplanewasmakingalanding.(04春季高考上海卷)

A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating

(4)Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youmay____runoverbyacar.(02高考北京卷)

A.haveB.getC.becomeD.turn

(5)Happybirthday,Alice.Soyouhave____twenty-onealready.(04天津卷)

A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.passed

(6)Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyoucan'thavetimeto____beforetheparty.(04全国卷II)

A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange

(7)0nhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine,she____pale.(04湖北卷)

A.gotB.changedC.wentD.appeared

(8)Theflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.(04上海卷)

A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt

(9)Althoughhehastakenalotofmedicine,hishealth____poor.(02春上海卷)

A.provesB.remainsC.maintainsD.continues

(10)Ilovetogototheseasideinsummer.It____goodtolieinthesunorswiminthecoolsea.

A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes

二、感官动词类

常考的感官动词有see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel,find,catch等。

感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语,表达不同的含义。

1.后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。

Ioftenheardthesongsung,butIhaveneverheardyousingit.

Whenyougotowatchthefootballwatch,youwillenjoyseeingtheChinesefootballteamwin.

2.后接V-ing形式表伴随的动作。

Seeingthesunrisingabovethesurfaceofthesea,weletoutashoutofjoy.

Hearingthis,Ifeltmyheartbeatingfast.

3.后接V-ed形式表被动意义。

Afterhisreturntwentyyearslater,hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.

AlthoughIhadlearntsomeEnglish,Ihadneverheardawordofitspoken.

【高考例题】

(1)Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.(NMET2000)

A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout

(2)Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound____inthekitchen.(NMET03)

A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked

(3)Themissingboyswerelastseen____neartheriver.

A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay

(4)Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlwhowascaught____andletheroff.(NMET93)

A.tohavestolenB.tobestealing

C.tostealD.stealing

(5)Helookedaroundandcaughtaman____hishandintothepocketofapassenger.

A.putB.tobeputting

C.toputD.putting(04春北京卷)

三、使役动词类

表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词,如make,let,have,keep,leave,set,send等。

使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语,表达不同的含义。

分以下三种情况:

1.make,lethave等后接不带to的不定式,表“使/让某人/某物做某事”。

Don'tmakehimdoitifhedoesn'twantto.

Ifyouhaveanyproblems,justletmeknow.

在被动结构中不定式须带to,但是have不用于被动结构中.

Hewasmadetoapologizetotheguest.

2.have,keep,leave,send,set,get等后接V-ing形式,表持续性动作。

I'msorrytokeepyouwaitingforsolong.

Whydoyouhavehimworryingabouthislessons?

3.have,keep,leave等后接V-ed形式,表被动含义。

Hedidn'tkeeponaskingmethetimeuntilhehadhadhiswatchrepaired.

I'llkeepyouinformedassoonasIhavethenews.

【高考例题】

(1)Don'tleavethewater_whileyoubrush

yourteeth.(04天津卷)

A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun

(2)Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirchildren'sactions

againstthelawsgetparents_.(04重庆卷)

A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry

(3)---Whydidyougobacktotheshop?

---Ileftmyfriend____there.(03春安徽内蒙古卷)

A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.waits

(4)Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire____allnight.(NMET91)

A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned

(5)---Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?

---I'dliketohavethispackage____,madam.

A.beweighedB.weighing

C.weighedD.toweigh(NMET89)

(6)Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn'tmakehimself____.(NMET91)

A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard

(7)Asyouhaveneverbeentherebefore,I'llhavesomeone____youtheway.(94上海卷)

A.showB.toshowC.showingD.showed

(8)Pauldoesn'thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.(NMET95)

A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning

(9)Acomputercandoonlywhatthinkingpeople______.(99上海卷)

A.haveitdoB.haveitdone

C.havedoneitD.havingitdone

(10)Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad____wentwrong.(98年上海卷)

A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired

四、含情感色彩的动词

这类动词有excite,inspire,encourage,interest,satisfy,delight,please,move,frighten,surprise,amaze,astonish,shock,worry,astonish,disappoint,discourage,exhaust,puzzle,tire,terrify等。

情感动词后接指人的名词或代词作宾语,有V-ing和V-ed两种形式,在句中作宾语和表语,V-俄ed形式指人,V-ing形式则指事物。

Thestorywassomovingthateveryonepresentwasmovedtotears.

Whatdisappointingresult!

Wewerealldisappointedwithit.

Climbingahillwastiringandweweretiredwhenwereachedthesummit.

【高考例题】

(1)Nickislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoes____hisboss.(2000春北京安徽内蒙古卷)

A.servesB.satisfiesC.promisesD.supports

(2)---I'mvery____withmyowncooking.Itlooksnicesmellsdelicious.

---Mm,itdoeshavea____smell.(02春NMET)

A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleased

C.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant

(3)Mr.Smith,____ofthe____speech,startedtoreadanovel.(03春北京卷)

A.tired;boringB.tiring;bored

C.tired;boredD.tiring;boring

(4)Itisbelievedthatifabookis____,itwillsurely____thereader.(03上海聋)

A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterested

C.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest

(5)Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome____.(04春上海卷)

A.beingexhaustedB.exhausted

C.exhaustingD.havingexhausted

五、后接不定式动词类

afford,agree,choose,determine,expect,decide,learn,offer,mange,hope,want,wish,promise,refuse,fail,pretend,happen等动词,后跟不定式作宾语。

Thankyouforofferingtohelp,butIcanmanagemyself.

Helearnedtorideabicyclewhenhewasasmallboy.

【高考例题】

(1)Weagreed_herebutsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.(NMET95)

A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet

(2)LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.(NMET92)

A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking

(3)Idon'tknowwhetheryouhappen_,butI'mgoingtostudyintheUSAthisSeptember.(04辽宁卷)

A.tobeheardB.tobehearing

C.tohearD.tohaveheard

(4)Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.(NMET89)

A.nottoseeB.notseeing

C.tonotseeD.havingnotseen

(5)Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears____everything.(01高考上海卷)

A.totellB.tobetold

C.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold

六、后接V-ing形式动词类

该类动词常考的有appreciate,avoid,bear,consider,dislike,delay,enjoy,escape,finish,hate,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,postpone,resist,risk,'stand,suggest等。

这些动词须接V-ing形式作宾语。

例如;

Idon'tmindwaiting,butI'vegottostandinthecoldwind.

Haveyouconsideredmakingsomenecessarychangestoyourplan?

OnlybypractisingspeakingEnglisheverydaycanyouexpecttoimproveyourspokenEnglish.

【高考例题】

(1)Iwouldappreciate____backthisafternoon.

A.youtocallB.youcall

C.yourcallingD.you'recalling

(2)Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan'thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon'treallyneed.(96年上海卷)

A.topersuadeB.persuading

C.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded

(3)Hehasalwaysinsistedonhis____Dr.turnerinsteadofMr.Turner.(92上海卷)

A.beencalledB.called

C.beingcalledD.havingcalled

(4)Ireallyappreciate____torelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.(04年上海卷)

A.tohavehadtimeB.havingtime

C.tohavetimeD.tohavingtime

(5)Doyoumind_aloneathome?

(94年上海卷)

A.JaneleavingB.Janehavingleft

C.Jane'sbeingleftD.Janetobeleft

(6)IcanhardlyimaginePeter____acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.(NMET91)

A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed

七、后接不定式与V-ing形式意义不同动词类

remember,try,regret,mean,forget,stop,goon,can'thelp等后接不定式与V-ing形式作宾语,表达含义不同。

见下表:

动词

接动名词作宾语

接不定式作宾语

Remember

过去发生的动作

将来的动作

try

尝试做某事

努力做某事

regret

对做过的事表示后悔

对要做的事表示遗憾

mean

意味着做某事

企图(打算)做某事

can'thelp

禁不住做某事

不能帮助做某事

goon

继续做未完成的事情

做完一件事后,接着做另一件事

forget

忘记以前曾做过某事

忘记做某事

stop

中断正在做的事情

中断正在做的事去做别的事

例如:

Irememberbeingpad,butI'veforgottentheexactamount.

Pleaseremembertosendmeaphotoofyoursonthenexttimeyouwritetome.

Idon'treallymeantoworkhere,whichmeansleavingthejobsoonafterwards.

【高考例题】

(1)---Thelightintheofficeisstillon.(NMET91)

---Oh,Iforgot______.

A.turningitoffB.turnitoff

C.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff

(2)---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.(NMET95)

---Well,nowIregret______that.

A.todoB.tobedoing

C.tohavedoneD.havingdone

(3)Shecan'thelp_thehousebecauseshe'sbusymakingacake.(97上海卷)

A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned

(4)---1usuallygotherebytrain.(NMET92)

---Whynot_____byboatforachange?

A.totrygoingB.tryingtogo

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