全国大学英语四级考试真题及答案.docx

全国大学英语四级考试真题及答案.docx

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全国大学英语四级考试真题及答案

2012年6月全国大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案

1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2.出现这一现象的原因3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

OnExcessivePackaging

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

SmallSchoolsRising

Thisyear'slistofthetop100highschoolsshowsthattoday,thosewithfewerstudentsareflourishing.

Fiftyyearsago,theywerethelatestthingineducationalreform:

big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswithstudentscountedinthethousands.Asbabyboomers（二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人）cameofhigh-schoolage,bigschoolspromisedeconomicefficiency.Agreaterchoiceofcourses,and,ofcourse,betterfootballteams.Onlyyearslaterdidweunderstandthetrade-offsthisinvolved:

thecreationofexcessivebureaucracies（官僚机构），thedifficultyofforgingpersonalconnectionsbetweenteachersandstudents.SATscoresbegandroppingin1963;today,onaverage,30%ofstudentsdonotcompletehighschoolinfouryears,afigurethatrisesto50%inpoorurbanneighborhoods.Whiletheemphasisonteachingtohigher,test-drivenstandardsassetinNoChildLeftBehindresultedinsignificantlybetterperformanceinelementary（andsomemiddle）schools,highschoolsforavarietyofreasonsseemedtohavemadelittleprogress.

Sizeisn'teverything,butitdoesmatter,andthepastdecadehasseenanoticeablecountertrendtowardsmallerschools.Thishasbeendue,inpart,totheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,whichhasinvested$1.8billioninAmericanhighschools,helpingtoopenabout1,000smallschools-mostofthemwithabout400kidseachwithanaverageenrollmentofonly150pergrade,About500moreareonthedrawingboard.Districtsalloverthecountryaretakingnotice,alongwithmayorsincitieslikeNewYork,ChicagoandSanDiego.Themovementincludesindependentpubliccharterschools,suchasNo.1BASISinTucson,withonly120high-schoolersand18graduatesthisyear.Itembracesdistrict-sanctionedmagnetschools,suchastheTalentedandGiftedSchool,with198students,andtheScienceandEngineeringMagnet,with383,whichshareabuildinginDallas,aswellastheCityHonorsSchoolinBuffalo,N.Y.,whichgrewoutofvolunteereveningseminarsforstudents.Anditincludesalternativeschoolswithstudentsselectedbylottery（抽签），suchasH-BWoodlawninArlington,Va.Andmostnoticeableofall,thereisthephenomenonoflargeurbanandsuburbanhighschoolsthathavesplitupintosmallerunitsofafewhundred,generallyhousedinthesamegroundsthatonceboastedthousandsofstudentsallmarchingtothesameband.

HillsdaleHighSchoolinSanMateo,Calif,isoneofthose,rankingNo.423-amongthetop2%inthecountry-onNewsweek'sannualrankingofAmerica'stophighschools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingClassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefull,Newsweeklistofthetop5%ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2007.

AlthoughmanyofHillsdale'sstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990averagetestscoreswereslidingandithadearnedtheunaffectionatenickname（绰号）"Hillsjail."JeffGilbert.AHillsdaleteacherwhobecameprincipallastyear,rememberssittingwithotherteacherswatchingstudentsfileoutofagraduationceremonyandaskingoneanotherinastonishment,"Howdidthatstudentgraduate?

"

Soin2003Hillsdaleremadeitselfintothree"houses,"romanticallynamedFlorence,MarrakechandKyoto.Eachofthe300arrivingninthgradersarerandomly（随机地）assignedtooneofthehouses.Wheretheywillkeepthesamefourcoresubjectteachersfortwoyears,beforemovingontoanotherfor11thand12thgrades.Theclosenessthissystemcultivatesisreinforcedbytheinstitutionof"advisory"classesTeachersmeetwithstudentsingroupsof25,fivemorningsaweek,foropen-endeddiscussionsofeverythingfromhomeworkproblemstobadSaturday-nightdates.Theadvisersalsomeetwithstudentsprivatelyandstayintouchwithparents,sotheyaredeeplyinvestedinthestudents'success."We'reconstantlytalkingaboutoneanother'sadvisers,"saysEnglishteacherChrisCrockett."Ifyouhearthatyoursisn'tdoingwellinmath,orseethemsittingoutsidethedean'soffice,it'slikeapersonalfailure."Alongwiththenewstructurecameamoredemandingacademicprogram,thepercentageoffreshmentakingbiologyjumpedfrom17to95."Itwasroughforsome.Butbysenioryear,two-thirdshavemoveduptophysics,"saysGilbert"Ourkidsarecomingtoschoolinpartbecausetheyknowthereareadultsherewhoknowthemandcareforthem."Butnotallschoolsshowadvancesafterdownsizing,anditremainstobeseenwhethersmallerschoolswillbeacure-allsolution.

TheNewsweeklistoftopU.S.highschoolswasmadethisyear,asinyearspast,accordingtoasinglemetric,theproportionofstudentstakingcollege-levelexams.Overtheyearsthissystemhascomeinforitsshareofcriticismforitssimplicity.Butthatisalsoitsstrength:

it'seasyforreaderstounderstand,andtodothearithmeticfortheirownschoolsifthey'dlike.

Rankingschoolsisalwayscontroversial,andthisyearagroupof38superintendents（地区教育主管）fromfivestateswrotetoaskthattheirschoolsbeexcludedfromthecalculation."Itisimpossibletoknowwhichhighschoolsare'thebest'inthenation,"theirletterread.inpart."Determiningwhetherdifferentschoolsdoordon'tofferahighqualityofeducationrequiresalookatmandifferentmeasures,includingstudents'overallacademicaccomplishmentsandtheirsubsequentperformanceincollege.Andtakingintoconsiderationtheuniqueneedsoftheircommunities."

Intheend,thesuperintendentsagreedtoprovidethedatawesought,whichis,afterall,publicinformation.Thereis,inourview,norealdisputehere,weareallseekingthesamething,whichisschoolsthatbetterserveourchildrenandournationbyencouragingstudentstotackletoughsubjectsundertheguidanceofgiftedteachers.Andifwekeepworkingtowardthatgoal,someday,perhapsalistwon'tbenecessary.

注意：

此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.

1.Fiftyyearsago.big.Modern.Suburbanhighschoolswereestablishedinthehopeof__________.

A）ensuringnochildisleftbehind

B）increasingeconomicefficiency

C）improvingstudents'performanceonSAT

D）providinggoodeducationforbabyboomers

2.Whathappenedasaresultofsettingupbigschools?

A）Teachers'workloadincreased.

B）Students'performancedeclined.

C）Administrationbecamecentralized.

D）Studentsfocusedmoreontestscores.

3.WhatissaidabouttheschoolsfordedbytheBillandMelindaGatesfoundation?

A）Theyareusuallymagnetschools.

B）Theyareoftenlocatedinpoorneighborhoods.

C）Theyarepopularwithhigh-achievingstudents.

D）Theyaremostlysmallinsize.

4.Whatismostnoticeableaboutthecurrenttrendinhighschooleducation?

A）Somelargeschoolshavesplitupintosmallerones.

B）Agreatvarietyofschoolshavesprungupinurbanandsuburbanareas.

C）ManyschoolscompetefortheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationfunds.

D）Studentshavetomeethigheracademicstandards.

5.Newsweekrankedhighschoolsaccordingto.

A）theirstudents'academicachievement

B）thenumberoftheirstudentsadmittedtocollege

C）thesizeandnumberoftheirgraduatingclasses

D）theircollege-leveltestparticipation

6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillsdale'sstudentsinthelate1990s?

A）Theyweremadetostudyhardlikeprisoners.

B）Theycalledeachotherbyunaffectionatenicknames.

C）Mostofthemdidnothaveanysenseofdiscipline,

D）Theirschoolperformancewasgettingworse.

7.AccordingtoJeffGilbert,the"advisory"classesatHillsdaleweresetupsothatstudentscould.

A）telltheirteacherswhattheydidonweekends

B）experienceagreatdealofpleasureinlearning

C）maintaincloserrelationshipswiththeirteachers

D）tacklethedemandingbiologyandphysicscourses

8.isstillconsideredastrengthofNewsweek'sschoolrankingsysteminspiteofthecriticismitreceives.

9.Accordingtothe38superintendents,torankschoolsscientifically,itisnecessarytouse.

10.Tobetterservethechildrenandournation,schoolsstudentstotake.

PartⅢListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

inthissectionyouwillhear8shortconversations,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）、B）、C）andD）、anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：

此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。

11.A）TryingtosketchamapC）Discussingahouseplan.

B）Paintingthediningroom.D）Cleaningthekitchen.

12.A）Sheistiredofthefoodinthecanteen.

B）SheofteneatsinaFrenchrestaurant.

C）SheusuallytakesasnackintheKFC.

D）Sheinveryfussyaboutwhatsheeats.

13.A）ListeningtosomeloudmusicC）Talkingloudlyonthetelephone.

B）Preparingforasoralexamination.D）Practicingforaspeechcontest.

14.A）Themanhasleftagoodimpressiononherfamily.

B）Themancandresscasuallyfortheoccasion.

C）Themanshouldbuyhimselfanewsuit.

D）Theman'sjeansandT-shirtsarestylish.

15.A）Greypantsmadefrompurecotton.C）100%cottonpantsindarkblue.

B）Fashionablepantsinbrightcolors.D）Somethingtomatchherbrownpants.

16.A）Itsprice.C）Itscomfort.

B）ItslocationD）Itsfacilities.

17.A）Traveloverseas.C）Takeaphoto.

B）Lookforanewjob.D）Adoptachild.

18.A）Itisaroutineoffer.C）Itisquitehealthy.

B）Itisnewonthemenu.D）Itisagoodba