英语高中英语阅读理解技巧小结及练习题及解析.docx

英语高中英语阅读理解技巧小结及练习题及解析.docx

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英语高中英语阅读理解技巧小结及练习题及解析

（英语）高中英语阅读理解技巧小结及练习题及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Parentsmaythinkthey'resmartaboutwheretheystoremedicines,buttheirkidsaresmarter.Nearly60,000youngchildrenarerushedtothehospitaleveryyearaftergettingintomedicinesnotmeantforthem,accordingtoanewreportfromSafeKidsWorldwide.

   Thereportfindslittleconnectionbetweenwhatparentsknowaboutstoringmedicinessafelyandwhattheyactuallydo.Nineoutof10parentsknowthatmedicinesshouldbestoredupandawayoutofreachandsight,but7outof10ofthemadmitnotdoingthat.Theyleavemedicinesoutonkitchencounters,sinksandsofas,believingbabiesandtoddlers（学步者）aren'ttallenoughorstrongenoughtoreachthem.Unfortunately,theyprobablycan.Childrenasyoungasamonthhaveendedupinanemergencydepartmentbecausethey'dbeenpoisonedbygettingintoamedicinethatwasleftwithinreach.

   Mostpoisoningsrelatedtomedicines---particularlyamongbabiesandtoddlers---occurwithintheirhome.Kidsdeveloprapidlyandtheywanttoexploretheirenvironment.Atcertainagestheyhavealotofhand-to-mouthactivity,andsoit'sverycommonforthemtoexploretheirenvironmentandthentrytotastewhattheyfind.

   ThenewSafeKidsworldwidereportincludesasurveyof2,000parentswithchildrenunderage6.Whilethenumberofchildrenvisitinganemergencydepartmentforaccidentalpoisoningshaddeclinedsincethe2010maximum,thedeclinehasslowedinrecentyears.

   Prescriptionandover-the-countermedicinescausethemostseverepoisonings,butvitaminsandsupplements（补充品）canalsocauseproblems.Therearestepsfamiliescantaketolowertheriskforanaccidentalmedicinepoisoning.

（1）Whyarechildrenpoisonedaccordingtothetext?

A. Someofthemedicinesathometastenice.

B. Thereissomethingpoisonousinmedicines.

C. Kidshaveeasyaccesstomedicinesathome..

D. Kidsarecurioustoexploretheenvironment

（2）Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A. Vitaminsandsupplementscandogoodtokids.

B. Theteammadeasurveyof2,000kidsunderage6.

C. 600parentssurveyedcouldkeepmedicinesproperly.

D. Kidsareusuallysmartatstoringmedicinesathome.

（3）Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A. Parents'CasualBehaviorLeadstoKidsPoisoned

B. TheNumberofKidsPoisonedHasDeclinedLately

C. Nearly60,000ChildrenArePoisonedbyMedicines

D. KidsAreFacingtheRiskofBeingPoisonedatHome

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇说明文，介绍了由于父母存放药品不当导致孩子药物中毒的调查结果。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Atcertainagestheyhavealotofhand-to-mouthactivity,andsoit'sverycommonforthemtoexploretheirenvironmentandthentrytotastewhattheyfind.”在一定的年龄,他们有很多的手和嘴活动,所以他们很容易去探索他们的环境,然后尝试品尝他们发现的东西在家里,他们很容易碰到药品，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Parentsmaythinkthey'resmartaboutwheretheystoremedicines,buttheirkidsaresmarter.”父母可能会认为他们很聪明，他们在哪里储存药品，但他们的孩子更聪明。

故选D。

（3）考查主旨大意。

根据倒数第三段中的“Mostpoisoningsrelatedtomedicines---particularlyamongbabiesandtoddlers---occurwithintheirhome.”很多中毒事件是发生在家中的，再根据文章大意，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   WanttofitthebestofLondoninyourtwo-weekvacation?

HereisalistofthebestplacesyoumustvisitinLondon.Withoutvisitingthese,atriptothiscityisnomorethanjustincomplete.

   BuckinghamPalacePerhapsthemostfamouspalaceintheworld,BuckinghamPalaceistheofficialLondonresidenceoftheBritishmonarch（君主）.StateroomsareopentovisitorsonlyduringthePalace'sSummerOpening,whichtakesplaceinmostofAugustandSeptember.However,ifyouareheadingtothepalaceatadifferenttime,youcanwitness"ChangingoftheGuard'',wheretheguardischangeddailyfromApriltoJuly,andonalternatedaysfromAugusttoMarch.

   BritishMuseumThismuseumshowcasesworksfromthebirthofhumancivilizationtothemodernage,andhascontributionsfromallcontinentsoftheworld.Themainattractionsincludethemuch-debatedParthenonMarbles（ElginMarbles）,MummyofCleopatrafromThebes,andtheRosettaStone.Entrytothemuseumisfree.

   LondonEyeThe32capsulesontheLondonEyecarrymanyvisitorseveryday.Duetoits360rotationability,youcanalmostseetheentirecityofLondon,whenyoureachthetop.UntiltheShard'sprivately-operateddeckopenedin2013,theLondonEyewasthetallestpublicviewingpoint.

   LondonZooTheworld'soldestscientificzoo,theLondonZooconsistsofmanydifferenttypesofanimals.Thisisalsooneofthebestplacesforchildren,asyoucanbookaVIPencounterwiththeanimalsforthem.Andwhat'smore?

YoucanalsostayovernightatthezooinLookoutLodge.

（1）WhenshouldyougoifyouwanttovisitastateroomintheBuckinghamPalace?

A.InApril.

B.InSeptember.

C.InJuly.

D.InJanuary.

（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedintheBritishMuseum?

A.ParthenonMarbles.

B.theRosettaStone.

C.RoyalCeremonialDressCollection.

D.MummyofCleopatrafromThebes.

（3）Whichstatementwilltheauthordisapproveof?

A.YoucanvisittheBritishMuseumfreeofcharge.

B.Youcanwitness"ChangingoftheGuard"everyotherdayinDecember.

C.YoucanseethealmostentirecityofLondononthetopoftheLondonEye.

D.Youneedn'tbuyaticketforyourkidtoenterLondonZoo.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了伦敦的几大景点——白金汉宫、大英博物馆和伦敦动物园。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“StateroomsareopentovisitorsonlyduringthePalace'sSummerOpening,whichtakesplaceinmostofAugustandSeptember.”可知，国事厅只在白金汉宫的夏季开放日对游客开放，开放日是在八月和九月的大多数时间。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“ThemainattractionsincludethemuchdebatedParthenonMarbles（ElginMarbles）,MummyofCleopatrafromThebes,andtheRosettaStone.”可知，主要景点包括备受争议的帕特农神庙大理石、底比斯埃及艳后和罗塞塔石碑。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Thisisalsooneofthebestplacesforchildren,asyoucanbookaVIPencounterwiththeanimalsforthem.”这也是孩子们可去的最好地方之一，因为你可以给他们预定一次与动物们的贵宾见面，可知，孩子们参观动物家长可提前预定，故推测动物园并不是免票的。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   DelhihasbeenthecentreofasuccessionofmightyempiresandpowerfulkingdomsinIndia.Numerousruinsscatteredthroughouttheterritoryofferaconstantreminderofthearea'shistory,whichmakesthecityalwaysbeafascinatingplacefortourists.

   Withthedevelopmentofthecityandmoreandmorepeoplemoving,thecityhasexpandedseveraltimesinsize.ThatiswhyitiscalledNewDelhi.NewDelhi,acitywithapopulationofover20millionpeople,hasitsnewestproblem:

neverbeforehasthiscitymetwiththeworstairproblem.

   AirpollutioninIndianscapitalsurgedtoitsworstlevelsinyears,coveringthecityinathicksmogthathasbecomeanannualpublic-healthemergencydespitegovernmentvowstosolvetheproblem.

   Hundredsofflightswerediverted,delayedandcanceledovertheweekendduetopoorvisibility,schoolsandofficeswereclosedMondayandofficialsrushedtotakeemergencymeasurestotrytoreversetheerodingairquality.Millionsofantipollutionmasksweredistributedatschools,colleges,hospitalsandmarkets.

   NewDelhi,isengulfedeachyearastheweathercoolsandathickhazebuildsupfromthepollutantsemittedfromcarsandcoal-basedpowerplants,swirlingdustfromconstructionsitesandroadsandsmokefromcropstubbleburninginneighboringstates.FireworksandfirecrackerstocelebratetheHindufestivalofDiwalithenarrives,leavingDelhitheworld'smostpollutedcity.

   Thecity'sairqualityindex,whichmeasuresamixofdangerouspollutants,registeredanaveragescoreof494Sunday.Thatisthehighest24-houraveragesinceNov.6,2016,whenithit497,accordingtodatameasuredbytheCentralPollutionControlBoard.

（1）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.DiwaliisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsinIndia.

B.Thegovernmentdidlittletoprotectitscitizensagainsttheseriouspollution.

C.SuchaseriousairpollutioninNewDelhiappearsonaregularbasis.

D.Theindexoftherecentairpollutionisnottheworstinthehistory.

（2）Whomaynotcomplainabouttheseriousairpollution?

A.Theparentswhosechildrenhavetostayathome.

B.Thepilotswhoseplaneshavebeendivertedordelayed.

C.Themanufacturerswhoproduceantipollutionmasks.

D.Theofficialswhohavetoworkoutoftheiroffices.

（3）Whichofthefollowingphrasescanreplacetheunderlinedwordinparagraph5?

A.Sentout.

B.Sentup.

C.Sentin.

D.Senton.

（4）Thetitleofthepassageshouldbe      .

A.ProblemsCausedbytheDevelopmentofNewDelhi

B.DangerousPollutionEnvelopsNewDelhi

C.AntipollutionMasksAreinGreatNeedinNewDelhi

D.FarmersintheNeighboringStatesaretoBlameforBurningCropStubble

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。

虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但由于污染严重，整个新德里处于危险的污染中，人们必须戴防污口罩，冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第三段“AirpollutioninIndianscapitalsurgedtoitsworstlevelsinyears,coveringthecityinathicksmogthathasbecomeanannualpublic-healthemergencydespitegovernmentvowstosolvetheproblem.”印度首都的空气污染飙升至多年来最严重的水平，笼罩着这座城市的浓雾已成为年度公共卫生紧急事件，尽管政府誓言要解决这个问题；第五段“NewDelhi,isengulfedeachyearastheweathercoolsandathickhazebuildsupfromthepollutantsemittedfromcarsandcoal-basedpowerplants,swirlingdust...,leavingDelhitheworld'smostpollutedcity.”新德里每年都会被污染吞没，随着天气变冷，汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飘动的灰尘，以及邻国农作物秸秆燃烧产生的烟雾，都会形成浓雾。

庆祝印度排灯节的烟花爆竹随后到达，使德里现在成为世界上污染最严重的城市；以及第四段中的“Millionsofantipollutionmasksweredistributedatschools,colleges,hospitalsandmarkets.”在学校、学院、医院和市场上分发了数以百万计的防污口罩。

可知，政府尽管发誓解决这种污染，但情况不仅没有改变，反而更加严重，使得人们必须佩戴防毒口罩。

由此可判断出政府几乎没有保护其公民免受严重污染。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第四段“Hundredsofflightswerediverte