GRE写作题库所有244道Issue题目的写作提纲new.docx
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GRE写作题库所有244道Issue题目的写作提纲new
第三类教育
5."Anationshouldrequireallitsstudentstostudythesamenationalcurriculumuntiltheyentercollegeratherthanallowschoolsindifferentpartsofthenationtodeterminewhichacademiccoursestooffer."
一个国家应该要求所有的学生在进入大学之前都学习由国家统一制定的课程,而不是允许由国家不同地区的学校去决定课程的安排。
反对
Ontheonehand,anationalcurriculumcontributestopreservingaunifiednationalcultureandnationalcohesion.
Furthermore,ageneralcurriculumdecidedbyauthorityratherthanbylocalschoolsavoidslimitingstudentstoanarrowscopeofknowledgetooearly.
Ontheotherhand,inamulti-culturalsociety,differentethniccommunitiesshouldbegiventheopportunitytopreserveandpromotetheirtraditionalcultures.
It’sbeneficialtograntlocalschoolsthefreedomtoofferstudentssomeelectivecourses,whichcanhelptheschooltobuilditsuniqueculturecharisma.
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32."Aschoolorcollegeshouldpayitsteachersatthesamerateinalldisciplines,regardlessofdifferencesinsalariesforrelatedfieldsintheworldoutsideofschool.Forexample,entry-levelteachersinmathematicsandintheartsshouldreceivethesamepay,evenifoutsideofschool,mathspecialistsearnamuchhighersalaryonaveragethandospecialistsinthearts."
不管在校园外不同领域之间薪水的差异有多大,学校对于所有学科老师的待遇应该是一视同仁的。
比如,低年级的数学和美术老师应该享有同样的收入,即便在校外,数学专家的收入一般是要比艺术家高得多。
Thesalaryrateateacherreceivesshouldberelatednottohis/herdisciplinebuthis/hereffortandcontributiontotheeducationalcourse.
Absolutelyidenticalrateisunfair.Teachersofsomedisciplineshavetoassumemoreharshworkunderworsecircumstances.
Ifthedifferencesinsalariesforrelatedfieldsintheworldoutsideofschoolorcollegearedismissed,schoolsandcollegesmayhavetofacethelossofitsstaff.
孤立的校园
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34."Insteadofrequiringstudentstotakecoursesinavarietyofdisciplines--thatis,coursesrangingfromtheartsandthehumanitiestothephysicalandbiologicalsciences--collegesanduniversitiesshouldallowstudentstoenrollonlyinthosecoursesthatwillhelppreparethemforjobsintheirchosenfields.Suchconcentrationisnecessaryintoday'sincreasinglywork-orientedsociety."
与其要求学生们选修各种各样的学科----从艺术和人文科学到物理和生物科学----大学还不如允许学生们仅仅去选择那些有助于他们今后工作的学科。
这种集中在当今这个工作至上的社会是必要的。
Tobeginwith,schoolsshouldattachenoughimportancetocoursesthatcanhelpstudentsprepareforjobsintheirchosenfields.
However,work-orientedcoursesisneverincompatiblewithothercoursessuchasarts,humanitiesandthelike,whichalsoplayanimportantroleinonecareersuccess.
Inter-disciplinarystudyiscrucialfortheimprovementofeitherdiscipline.
Thoughcoursesofawiderangeofdisciplinesshouldbemadecompulsory,sufficientfreedomshouldbegrantedtostudents.
学科
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39."Theintellectualbenefitsofattendingauniversityorcollegearevastlyoverrated:
mostpeoplecouldlearnmorebystudyingandreadingontheirownforfouryearsthanbypursuingauniversityorcollegedegree."
大学学习的好处被过分的高估了:
大多数人如果通过研究和阅读的方式自学四年的话,会比追求一个大学学位学到的更多。
Disagree
Schoolsoffersystematicalcurriculum,qualifiedstaff,libraries,facilitiesandsoon,whicharenotavailabletoindividualswhostudyontheirown.
Studyingwithpeersarousescompetitionandcooperation.Compulsorystudiesavoidslaziness.
Qualifieddegreeshelpgetajoboffermoreeasily.
However,degreedoesnotmeaneverything.Itisjustasymbol.Evenifyouhaveacollegedegree,youstillhavetoworkhardinorderachievecareersuccess.
大学和自学
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50."Inordertoimprovethequalityofinstructionatthecollegeanduniversitylevel,allfacultyshouldberequiredtospendtimeworkingoutsidetheacademicworldinprofessionsrelevanttothecoursestheyteach."
为了改善大学的教学质量,所有的教员都应该被要求花一定时间到学术领域以外去参加和他们所教科目相关的工作。
Position:
Workingexperienceinrelevantprofessionsenablescollegeanduniversityfacultytoofferpracticalinstructiontostudents.
First,facultywhoareactivelyengagedintheirfieldscometoclasswithfreshinsightsandcontagiousexcitementabouttheissueathand.
Secondly,bykeepingabreastwiththechangingdemandsofworkasaprofessional,professorscanhelpstudentswhoareseriousaboutpursuingacareerinthatfieldtomakemoreinformedcareerdecisions.
Thirdly,experienceinthefieldcanhelpaprofessorferretoutcutting-edgeandcontroversialissues—whichmightbeappropriatesubjectsforresearchandpublication.
However,theteachersinsomedisciplinessuchasmathematics,literature,history,philosophy,etc.,mayfinditdifficulttocombinetheirteachingwithrelevantprofessionalfields.
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51."Educationwillbetrulyeffectiveonlywhenitisspecificallydesignedtomeettheindividualneedsandinterestsofeachstudent."
教育只有被专门设计来满足每一个学生个人需求和兴趣的时候才是真正有效率的。
Student-orientededucationisthemosteffectivewaytohelpstudentslearn.
Thetraditionalteacher-orientededucationoftenneglectstheindividualneedsandinterestsofeachstudent,whichprovescounterproductive.
Student-orientededucationcanmosteffectivelyinvolveindividualstudentsinthelearningprocess.
Nonetheless,winkingatstudents’unreasonabledesireswouldonlyresultinchaosineducation.
少数和多数
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52."Educationencouragesstudentstoquestionandcriticize,andthereforedoeslittletopromotesocialharmony."
教育鼓励学生们提出问题和进行批判,这样做的结果无助于促进社会的和谐。
Encouragingstudentstoquestionandcriticizedoesnotnecessarilyharmsocialharmony.
Socialharmonyhingesonmutualunderstandingamongmembersofthesociety,whichisachievedthroughactivecommunicationratherthanpassiveconformity.
Theabilitytochallengeexistingauthoritiesandparadigmsrequiresintensivetrainingthrougheducation.
Encouragingstudentstoquestionandcriticizehelpsstudentsnotonlytolearnmoreproductivelybutalsobecomequalifiedcitizensthatwillbeabletoactivelyparticipateinsocialaffairs.
教育问题
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53."Collegeanduniversityeducationshouldbefreeforallstudents,fullyfinancedbythegovernment."
大学教育应该对所有学生免费,由政府来全额资助。
Agree
Investmentineducationisalwaysawisechoiceforanation.
Theamountofmoneyneededbyuniversitiesisonlyasmallpercentofanation’sGrossDomesticProduct,andwillsurelybecompensatedbythegraduatesinthefuturethroughthewayofincometaxation.
Provingallstudentswithhighereducationputsthemonequalfootingwitheachotherwhentheyentersociety—apreconditionofequalopportunityforallmembersofsociety.
奖学金
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55."Competitionforhighgradesseriouslylimitsthequalityoflearningatalllevelsofeducation."
追求高分严重的限制了教育各阶段的学习质量。
Competitionamongstudentsforhighergradesdoesnotnecessarilyhaveanegativeimpactonthequalityoflearning.
Admittedly,ifeducationaimssolelyatcrammingstudentsforexams,thequalityoflearningwillundoubtedlydeteriorate.
However,examinationsdohelpstudentsreviewtheirlessonsandmasterwhattheyhavelearned.
Furthermore,thepsychologicalpressurethatcompetitionexertsonstudentsisnotalwaysharmful.
分数
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67."Collegesshouldrequirestudentstoengageinpublic-serviceactivitiesinordertoassurethateachstudentreceivesabalanced,well-roundededucation."
大学应该要求学生们参加公益活动,这也是为了保证每一个学生都能获得平衡而全面的教育。
Agree
Collegestodaytendtoisolatestudentsfromsociety.
However,weshouldrealizethatparticipatinginsomesocialactivitiesmayactuallycontributetotheiracademicwork.
Totrainqualifiedcitizensforsociety,collegesshouldarrangeforpublic-serviceactivitiestoincreasestudent’ssenseofsocialresponsibility.
少数和多数之社会实践和全面教育
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78."Schoolsshouldberequiredtoteachtheessentialinterconnectednessofallhumanbeingsandthushelpeliminatewars,culturalclashes,andotherformsofconflict."
学校应该被要求去教授存在于所有人之间的重要联系,这样做可以消灭战争、文化冲突和其他形式的纷争。
Humanbeingssharemanycommoninterestsandvalues,theawarenessofwhichwouldcontributetointerculturalunderstandingandcooperation.
Realizingthedifferencesbetweendifferentcultureswouldhelpdifferentpeoplesoftheworldcommunicatewitheachothermoreeffectively.
Consideringthegrowingthreatofculturalimperialisminthisinformationage,itmightbemoreurgentforschoolstogivemoreemphasisonculturaldifferences.
分歧和统一
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80."Allstudentsshouldberequiredtotakecoursesinthesciences,eveniftheyhavenointerestinscience."
所有的学生都应该被要求去学习科学课程,即使他们对科学毫无兴趣。
Takingcoursesinthesciencesbenefitsnotonlystudentsinthesciencesbutalsostudentsinhumanities.
Theresearchmethodsinthesciencescanbeappliedtothestudiesofhumanities.
Studentsofhumanitiesandsocialsciencesmaybringfreshandconstructiveperspectivesandviewpointstonaturalscienceclasses.
Someknowledgeofthesciencesisamustforeveryonelivinginanageinwhichscienceandtechnologyplayadominantrole.
现实和理想之学习与兴趣
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90."Collegestudentsshouldbeencouragedtopursuesubjectsthatinterestthemratherthanseekprogramsthatpromiseentryintothejobmarket."
大学学生应该被鼓励去学习他们感兴趣的学科而不是那些容易找工作的学科。
Agree
Today’sparentsattachtoomuchimportancetothejobprospectsoftheirchildren’seducation.
However,empiricalevidencesuggeststhatyoungpeoplearemorelikelytosucceedinacareerthatintereststhem.
现实和理想之兴趣
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94."Universitiesshouldrequireeverystudenttotakeavarietyofcoursesoutsidethestudent'sfieldofstudybecauseacquiringknowledgeofvario