职称英语理工B真题及答案解析.docx
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职称英语理工B真题及答案解析
2015职称英语理工B类真题及答案
1.【题干】Theorganizationwas bold enoughtofacethepress
【选项】
A.pleased
B.powerful
C.brave
D.sensible
【答案】C
2.【题干】Iwillnot tolerate thatsortofbehaviorinmyclass.
【选项】
A.accept
B.control
C.observe
D.regulate
【答案】A
3.【题干】Irealizedtomy horror thatIhadforgottenthepresent.
【选项】
A.limit
B.fear
C.power
D.fool
【答案】B
4.【题干】Mostpeoplefind rejection hardtoaccept.
【选项】
A.excuse
B.client
C.destiny
D.refusal
【答案】D
5.【题干】She'sextremelycompetentand industrious.
【选项】
A.hardworking
B.honest
C.objective
D.independent
【答案】A
6.【题干】Thedoctorsdidnot reveal thetruthtohim.
【选项】
A.hide
B.handle
C.disclose
D.establish
【答案】C
7.【题干】Hetriedtoassemblehisthoughts.
【选项】
A.clear
B.share
C.gather
D.spare
【答案】C
8.【题干】Thelawcarriesapenaltyofuptothreeyearsinprison.
【选项】
A.message
B.punishment
C.guilt
D.obligation
【答案】B
9.【题干】Prisonerswerekeptinthemost appalling conditions.
【选项】
A.flexible
B.terrible
C.reasonable
D.serious
【答案】B
10.【题干】Theseproductsare inferior tothosewebroughtlastyear.
【选项】
A.poorerthan
B.narrowerthan
C.largerthan
D.richerthan
【答案】A
11.【题干】Thepoliticalsituationintheregionhas deteriorated rapidly.
【选项】
A.improved
B.changed
C.worsened
D.developed
【答案】C
12.【题干】Therewasa simultaneous trialtakingplaceinthenextbuilding.
【选项】
A.coexisting
B.fair
C.full
D.pubic
【答案】A
13.【题干】They’re petitioning forbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledonpublictransport.
【选项】
A.requesting
B.planning
C.preparing
D.looking
【答案】A
14.【题干】Hesaidsome harsh wordsabouthisbrother.
【选项】
A.unkind
B.proper
C.normal
D.unclear
【答案】A
15.【题干】Wewereattractedbythe lure ofquickmoney.
【选项】
A.amount
B.supply
C.sum
D.temp
【答案】D
第1页：
词汇选项
第2页：
阅读判断
第3页：
概括大意与完成句子
第4页：
阅读理解
第8页：
完型填空
ADHDLinkedtoAirPollutants
Childrenhaveanincreasedofattentionproblems,seenasearlyasgradeschool.Iftheirnosesinhaled（吸入）acertaintypeofairpollutionwhentheywerepregnant.That'sthefindingofanewstudy.Releasedwhenthingsaren'tburnedcompletely,thispollutionisknownaspolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons,orPAHs.ThebiggestsourcesofthesePAHs:
theburningoffossilfuels,woodandtrash.
FredericaPereraworksatColumbiaUniversity'sMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthisNewYorkCity.Sheresearcheshowexposuretothingsintheenvironmentaffectschildren'shealthinanewstudy,sheandherteamstudiedtheexposuretoairpollutionof233nonsmokingpregnantwomeninNewYorkCity.Becauseburningtobaccocanspew（排放）PAHsintotheairandlungs,Perera'steamfocusedonnonsmokers.Theresearcherswantedtoprobe（探查）othersourcesofPAHs,onesthat'swouldhavebeenhardforanindividualtoavoid.
Theteamstartedbytestingthebloodofeachwomanduringpregnancy.ThereasonAnyPAHsinawoman'sbloodwouldalsobeavailabletothebabyinherwomb.Nineyearslater,theresearchersinvestigatedsignsofattentionproblemsinthosechildren,nowage9.Theyaskedeachchild'smotheraseriesofquestions.Theseincludedwhateverherchildhadproblemsdoingthingsthatneededsustained（长期的）mentaleffort,suchashomeworkorgameswithfriends.Thescientistsalsoaskedifthekidshadtroublefollowinginstructionsormadefrequent,carelessmistakes.AllofthesecanbesymptomsofadisordercalledAttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,orADHD.AboutoneinU.S.childrenhasADHD.
Amongthewomenstudied,trafficandhomeheatingweretheprimarysourcesofairpollutionexposure,Pereraandherteamsuspect.SomeofthesewomenhadlowlevelsofPAHsintheirblood.Ohtershadhighlevels.Thosewithhighlevelswerefivetimesaslikelytohavechildrenwhoshowedattentionproblemsbyage9.ThenewfindingswerepublishedNovember5inthejournalPLOSONE.
16.【题干】PereraandherteamchosenonsmokingpregnantwomenalloverAmerica.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】B
17.【题干】ThemainpurposeoftheresearchwastofindouthowexposuretoPAHsplayedaroleinharmingthesubjects'physicalhealth.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】B
18.【题干】NonsmokingmotherswereselectedbecausetheeffectofsmokingonPAHswasunclear.
【选项】B
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】B
19.【题干】Thebloodofeachwomanwastestedonceamonthduringpregnancy.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】C
20.【题干】KidswithADHDcommonlyfailinschool.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】C
21.【题干】ThewomenwithhighlevelsofPAHsintheirbloodweremorelikelytohavekidswithADHD.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】A
22.【题干】TrafficandhomeheatingwereconsideredtobethebiggestsourcesofPAHsforthesubjectsintheresearch.
【选项】
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【答案】A
第1页：
词汇选项
第2页：
阅读判断
第3页：
概括大意与完成句子
第4页：
阅读理解
第8页：
完型填空
第3部分：
概况大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试认识：
（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;
（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
FirstImage-recognitionssoftware
1）DartmouthresearchersandtheircolleagueshavecreatedanartificialintelligencesoftwarethatusesphotostolocatedocumentsontheInternetwithfargreateraccuracythaneverbefore.
2）Thenewsystem,witchwastestedonphotosandisnowbeingappliedtovideos,showsforthefirsttimethatamachinelearningalgorithm（运算法则）forimagerecognitionandretrievalisaccurateandefficientienoughtoimprovelarge-scaledocumentsearchesonline.Thesystemusespixel（像素）datainimagesandpotentiallyvideo—ratherthanjusttext—tolocatedocuments.Itlearnstorecognizethepixelsassociatedwithasearchphrasebystudyingtheresultsfromtext-basedimagesearchengines.Theknowledgegleaned（收集）fromthoseresultscanthenbeappliedtootherphotoswithouttagsorcaptions（图片说明）,makingformoreaccuratedocumentsearchresults.
3）“Overthelast30years,”saysAssociateProfessorKorenzoTorresani,aco-authorofthestudy,”thewebhasevolvedfromasmallcollectionofmostlytextdocumentstoamodern,massive,fast-growingmultimediadatastet,wherenearlyeverypageincludesmultiplepicturesofvideos.WhenapersonlooksataWebpage,heimmediatelygetthegist（主旨）ofitbylookingatthepicturesinit.Yet,sruprisingly,allexistingpopularsearchengine,suchasGoogleorBing,stripawaytheinformationcontainedinthephotosanduseexclusivelythetextofWedpagestoperformthedocumentretrieval.Ourstudyisthefirsttoshowthatmodernmachinevisionsystemsareaccurateandefficientenoughtomakeeffectiveuseoftheinformationcontainedinimagepixelstoimprovedocumentsearch.”
4）Theresearchersdesignedandtestedamachinevisionsystem—atypeofartificialintelligencethatallowscomputerstolearnwithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed—thatextractssemantic（语义的）informationfrompixelsofphotosinWebpages.ThisinformationgisusedtoenrichthedescriptionoftheHTMLpageusedbysearchenginesfordocumentretrieval.Theresearcherstestedtheirapproachusingmorethan600searchqueries（查询）onadatabaseof50millionWedpages.Theyselectedthetext-retrievalsearchenginewiththebestperformanceandmodifiedittomakeuseoftheadditionalsemanticinformationextractedbytheirmethodfromthepicturesoftheWebpages.Theyfoundthtthisproduceda30percentimprovementinprecisionovertheoriginalsearchenginepurelybasedontext.
23.【题干】Paragraph1_____
【选项】
A.Popularityofthenewsystem
B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery
C.Functionofthenewsystem
D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated
E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines
F.Improvementiindocumentretrieval
【答案】D
24.【题干】Paragraph2_____
【选项】
A.Popularityofthenewsystem
B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery
C.Functionofthenewsystem
D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated
E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines
F.Improvementiindocumentretrieval
【答案】C
25.【题干】Paragraph3_____
【选项】
A.Popularityofthenewsystem
B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery
C.Functionofthenewsystem
D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated
E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines
F.Improvementiindocumentretrieval
【答案】E
26.【题干】Paragraph4_____
【选项】
A.Popularityofthenewsystem
B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery
C.Functionofthenewsystem
D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated
E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines
F.Improvementiindocumentretrieval
【答案】F
27.【题干】Thenewsystemdoesdocumentretrievalby_____.
【选项】
A.informationinimages
B.currentpopularsearchengines
C.usingphotos
D.machinevisionsystems
E.documentsearch
F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage
【答案】C
28.【题干】Thenewsystemisexpectedtoimproveprecisionin_____.
【选项】
A.informationinimages
B.currentpopularsearchengines
C.usingphotos
D.machinevisionsystems
E.documentsearch
F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage
【答案】E
29.【题干】Whenperformingdocumentretrievaltheexistingsearchenginesignore_____.
【选项】
A.informationinimages
B.currentpopularsearchengines
C.usingphotos
D.machinevisionsystems
E.documentsearch
F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage
【答案】A
30.【题干】Thenewsystemwasfoundmoreeffectiveindocumentsearchthanthe_____.
【选项】
A.informationinimages
B.currentpopularsearchengines
C.usingphotos
D.machinevisio
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