考研强化班写作电子教材考研英语写作分册.docx
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考研强化班写作电子教材考研英语写作分册
考研英语写作要求与评分细则
1.大纲对写作的要求
《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲(非英语考生)》在考试说明部分要求考生掌握的写作技能:
考生应能写不同类型的应用文,包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等,还应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章。
短文写作时,考生应能:
1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确、用词恰当;
2)遵循文章的特定文体格式;
3)合理组织文章结构,使其内容统一、连贯;
4)根据写作目的和特定读者,恰当选用语言。
2.考研写作试卷结构
写作是全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试卷的第三部分。
该部分考查考生的书面表达能力。
共30分。
A节:
考生根据所给情景写出一篇约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文,包括信件、便笺、备忘录等。
满分10分。
B节:
要求考生根据提示信息写出一篇160-200词的短文(标点符号不计算在内)。
提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。
满分20分。
3.考研英语写作评分标准
(一)评分原则和方法
1.A节应用文的评分侧重点在于信息点的覆盖和内容的组织、语言的准确性、格式和语域的恰当。
对语法结构和词汇多样性的要求将根据具体试题做调整。
允许在作文中使用提示语中出现的关键词,但使用提示语中出现过的词组或句子将被扣分。
B节作文的评分重点在于内容的完整性、文章的组织连贯性、语法结构和词汇的多样性及语言的准确性。
2.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来给分。
评分人员在档内有1-3分的调节分。
3.A节作文的字数要求是100词左右。
B节作文的字数要求是160-200词。
文章长度不符合要求的,酌情扣分。
4.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。
评分时,视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
5.如书写较差,以致影响交际,将分数降低一个档次。
(二)一般评分标准
第五档A节(9-10分)B节(17-20分)
很好地完成了试题规定的任务。
---包含所有内容要点;
---使用丰富的语法结构和词汇;
---语言自然流畅,语法错误极少;
---有效地采用了多种衔接手法,文字连贯,层次清晰;
---格式和语域恰当贴切。
对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。
第四档A节(7-8分)B节(13-16分)
较好地完成了试题规定的任务。
---包含所有内容要点,允许漏掉1、2个次重点;
---使用较丰富的语法结构和词汇;
---语言基本准确,只有在试图使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇时才有个别语法错误;
---采用了适当的衔接手法,层次清晰,组织较严密;
---格式和语域较恰当。
对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。
第三档A节(5-6分)B节(9-12分)
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
---虽漏掉一些内容,但包含多数内容要点;
---应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的需求;
---有一些语法及词汇错误,但不影响理解;
---采用了简单的衔接手法,内容较连贯,层次较清晰;
---格式和语域基本合理。
对目标读者基本完全产生了预期的效果。
第二档A节(3-4分)B节(5-8分)
未能按要求完成试题规定的任务。
---漏掉或未能有效阐述一些内容要点,写了一些无关内容;
---语法结构单调、词汇项目有限;
---有较多语法结构及词汇方面的错误,影响了对写作内容的理解;
---未采用恰当的衔接手法,内容缺少连贯性;
---格式和语域不恰当。
未能清楚地传达信息给读者。
第一档A节(1-2分)B节(1-4分)
未完成试题规定的任务。
---明显遗漏主要内容,且有许多不相关的内容;
---语法项目和词汇的使用单调、重复;
---语言错误多,有碍读者对内容的理解,语言运用能力差;
---未采用任何衔接手法,内容不连贯,缺少组织、分段;
---无格式和语域概念。
未能传达信息给读者。
零档(0分)
所传达的信息或所使用语言太少,无法评价;内容与要求无关或无法辨认。
4.应用性短文
2007年考研英语大纲样题:
Directions:
YouarepreparingforanEnglishtestandareinneedofsomereferencebooks.Writealettertothesalesdepartmentofabookstoretoaskfor:
1)detailedinformationaboutthebooksyouwant,
2)methodsofpayment,
3)timeandwayofdelivery.
Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)
Sampleletter:
DearSirorMadam,
IamwritingforinformationabouttestpreparationmaterialsfortheIELTStest.
IwonderifyouhaveavocabularybookcoveringthewordsrequiredforIELTS,aswellaspastexaminationpaperswithkeysandmodelessays.Besides,howshouldIpayforthesebooks---bycash,cheque,oranyothermeans?
Ifpossible,Iwouldliketousemycreditcard.Finally,howwillthesebooksbeshippedandwhenistheapproximatetimeIcanreceivethem?
Theexpressmailispreferableiftheadditionalchargeisnottoomuch.
Iwouldappreciateitifyouwouldsendmeareplyatyourearliestconvenience.
Yourssincerely,
LiMing
步骤一:
阅读并分析题目:
1)信息点和内容
Explainingasituation:
Requestinginformation:
2)语言
Vocabulary:
Sentencestructure:
3)格式和语域(对比:
便笺、备忘录)
Format:
salutation,body,complimentaryclose,nameofsender
Register:
informalorformal?
步骤二:
开始写作
写称呼语:
DearSir/Madam…Towhomitmayconcern…DearMr.Bush…DearGeorge
表明写作目的:
Iamwritingfor/about/concerning…Iamwritingto…Iamwritingbecause…
提供/询问信息:
Iwonderif…Woulditbepossibleforyouto…Iwouldliketo…
要求采取行动:
Iwouldappreciateitifyoucould…Ishouldbegratefulifyoucould…Couldyouplease…Wouldyoumind…
结束语:
Thankyouforyourattention/kindness…Ilookforwardtoseeingyou/yourreply.
签名:
Yourssincerely…Yoursfaithfully…Bestwishes…Lotsoflove
步骤三:
检查
检查内容:
检查语言:
检查卷面:
书信写作语言点:
语法点
一般过去时
I'msorry,Iwaslatefortheclassthismorning.
Ireallyenjoyedyourdinnerlastweek.
现在完成时
IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfor10years.
Theovenhasbeenbrokenforoveraweek.
一般现在时
Myclassstartsat8:
30.
Theyhavepartieseverynight.
请求
Woulditbepossibleformetoborrowyournotes?
Couldyousendmeinformationaboutthetrip?
提问
Doyouknowwherethebookscanbefound?
WhatclothesshouldIbring?
Whendoesthecoursestart?
原因和结果
Ican'tgobecauseitistooexpensive.
ItistooexpensivesoIcan'tgo.
对比
Hestudiedveryhardbuthefailedintheexam.
Hewasalwayslate.However,hegotthebesttestresult.
词汇
不太正式与较为正式:
Shegetsgoodmoney---Shereceivesagoodsalary.
Peopleareworriedabouttheenvironment—Theenvironmentisamajorissue.
I'mnotreallysure,but...—Itispossible...
Peoplesay...—Itisoftensaid...
模拟题:
Directions:
Youwanttostudyatacertainforeignuniversity.Writealettertoaskaboutthesituationthereasregardsaccommodationandfees,possiblescholarsips,andwhatqualificationsoneneedsforacceptance.
DearSirorMadam,
IamaChinesestudentwhowishtoapplyforadmissionintoyourprestigiousuniversity.Myplanistostartmycoursenextterm,andIwouldbegratefulifyouwouldbekindenoughtoprovidemewithcertainessentialinformation.
First,whatqualificationsdoIneedtofollowacourseofstudyatyouruniversity?
Ialreadyhaveabachelor’sdegreefromBeijingUniversity,butIwonderifthereareanyfurtheracademicrequirements.Second,howmucharethetuitionfees?
AlthoughIintendtobeself-supporting,Iwouldbeinterestedtohearifthereareanyscholarshipsavailableforinternationalstudents.Third,whatisthesituationasregardsaccommodation?
Ilookforwardtoyourreply,andtoattendingyouresteemedinstitution.
Yourssincerely,
LiMing
Directions:
Youarethepresidentofacompany.WriteamemotoPercyShelley,thevice-presidentontheemployee’strainingoncomputer,tellinghimtheneedtotraintheemployees,detailedinformation,andaskhimtowriteaplan.
Date:
January20,2008
To:
PercyShelley,VicePresident
From:
LiMing,President
Subject:
ComputerTrainingoftheStaff
Aswediscussedearlierthisweek,Iagreewithyouthatourfirmisfacedupwithproblemofthehighrateofcomputerilliteracyofthestaff.Weneedtomakeupaplanfortrainingouremployeesinthenewfield.
Iwouldlikeyoutodesignourownin-housecomputer-trainingprogram.Wehadbetterclassifytheemployeesandputthemthroughtheprograminturn.
Writeupabriefproposal,describingwhatyouthinktheprogramshouldcover.Assumetheclassrunsfourhoursaweekfortenweeks.Also,assumepeoplehavenopriorcomputerknowledgeoranyformalcourseworkincomputerscience.
Directions:
TheStudents’UnionofyourdepartmentisplanningaChineseSpeakingContest.Writeanannouncementwhichcoversthefollowinginformation:
1)thepurposeofthecontest,
2)timeandplaceofthecontest,
3)whatisrequiredofthecandidates,
4)detailsofthejudgesandawards.
Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheannouncement.UseDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiteratureattheendoftheannouncement.
Chinese-SpeakingContest
January20,2008
Toimprovestudents’abilitytospeakChineseandenrichafter-classactivities,theStudents’UnionofDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiteratureisorganizingaschool-wideChinese-speakingcontesttobeheldonSaturdaynextweek(27January)attheStudents’Auditorium.ThosewhoareinterestedintakingpartinitmaysignupwiththemonitoroftheirclassesbeforeTuesdaynextweek.Fiveprofessorswillbeinvitedtobejudges.Thefirstsixwinnerswillbegivenawards.Everybodyiswelcometobepresentatthecontest.
TheStudents’Union
DepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiterature
2005
Directions:
Twomonthsago,yougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineFashion&Design.Butnowyoufindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.WritealettertoyourbossMr.Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology.
Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)
高分作文:
DearMr.Wang,
IammuchgratefultobeemployedbyyoutwomonthsagoasaneditorforyourmagazineDesign&Fashions.Iappreciatetheopportunityofhavingworkedherewithyouandothercolleagues.Theexperienceswillbeunforgettablethroughoutmylife.
However,asayoungmanwhoseprimaryinterestisincomputerscienceratherthanfashiondesigning.Ifindmypresentjobdoesn’tfallinwithmyprevioustrainingandstrength.Ithereforedecidetoquitthisjobforsomethingelsethatmayconformtomyformerpreparation.
Pleaseacceptmysincereapologiesforanyinconveniencesmyleavingmayoccur.
Yourstruly,
LiMing
2006
Directions:
YouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea,writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshouldspecifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan.Writeyourletterinnolessthan100words.WriteitonANSWERSHEET2.
Donotsignyournameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)
高分作文:
DearSirorMadam,
MovedbythenoblecauseofProjectHopeandencouragedbywhathasbeenachievedsofar,Iwouldliketocontributemybittotheprojectbyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremoteareaofyourprovince.
Iwouldbemuchgratefulifyoucouldhelpmeseekoutagirlwhohasjuststartedschoolingbutwhosefamilycannotaffordhereducation.Myplanistopayforhertuitiononanannualbasistillshefinisheshersecondaryeducation.Iwouldliketoremitmydonationdirectlytoabankaccountopenedbyherfamilyinherlocalarea.
Yourstruly,
LiMing
2007
Directions:
Writealettertoyouruniversitylibrar