医学词根.docx

医学词根.docx

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医学词根

MultipleChoice

窗体顶端

1.

Theprefixabmeans:

awayfrom

near

toward

far

2.

Theprefixdiameans:

double

across

through

complete

3.

Theprefixantimeans:

before

against

across

complete

4.

Thecombiningformonc/omeans:

cyst

growth

tumor

swelling

5.

Thesuffix-centesismeans:

surgicalpuncture

surgicalexcision

surgicalincision

surgicalrepair

6.

Thesuffix-istmeans:

condition

onewhospecializes

inflammation

pertainingto

7.

Fromwhichlanguagedidmostofthetermsforthebody'sorgansoriginate?

Latin

Greek

French

English

8.

TheGreekcombiningformmetr/imeans:

measure

multiple

uterus

ovary

9.

Theprefixcatameans:

before

down

up

beyond

10.

Theprefixretromeans:

below

above

forward

backward

Thefollowingisanalphabeticallistofmedicalprefixesandsuffixes,alongwiththeirmeanings,origin,andanEnglishexample.

[edit]A

Prefixorsuffix

Meaning

Originlanguageandetymology

Example（s）

a-,an-

Denotesanabsenceof,without

AncientGreekἀ-/ἀν-（a-/an-）,without,not

Apathy, Analgia

ab-

awayfrom

Latin

Abduction

abdomin（o）-

Oforrelatingtothe abdomen

Latin（abdōmen）,abdomen,fataroundthebelly

Abdomen

-ac, -acal

pertainingto

Greek-ακός（-akos）

cardiac,hydrophobiac,pharmacomaniacal

acanth（o）-

thornorspine

AncientGreekἄκανθα（akantha）,thorn

acanthion, acanthocyte, acanthoma,acanthulus

acous（io）-

Oforrelatingto hearing

Greekἀκουστικός（acoustikos）,oforforhearing

acoumeter, acoustician

acr（o）-

extremity,topmost

Greekἄκρον（akron）,highestorfarthestpoint

Acrocrany, acromegaly, acroosteolysis,acroposthia

-acusis

hearing

Greekἀκουστικός（acoustikos）,oforforhearing

paracusis

-ad

toward,inthedirectionof

dorsad

ad-

increase,adherence,motiontoward,very

Latin

Adduction

aden（o）-,aden（i）-

Oforrelatingtoa gland

AncientGreekἀδήν,ἀδέν-（adēn,aden-）,anacorn;a gland

Adenocarcinoma, adenology, adenotome,adenotyphus

adip（o）-

Oforrelatingto fat orfattytissue

Latin（adeps,adip-）,fat

Adipocyte

adren（o）-

Oforrelatingto adrenalglands

Latin

adrenalartery

-aemia （BrE）

blood condition

Greekἀναιμία,withoutblood

Anaemia

aer（o）-

air,gas

Greekἀήρ,ἀέρος

Aerosinusitis

aesthesio-（BrE）

sensation

Greekαἴσθησις

Anesthesia

-al

pertainingto

Latin-alis

abdominal

alb-

Denotingawhiteorpalecolor

Latin albus,white

Albino

alge（si）-

pain

Greekἄλγος

Analgesic

-algia

pain

Greek

Myalgia

alg（i）o-

pain

Greek

Myalgia

allo-

Denotingsomethingasdifferent,orasanaddition

AncientGreekἄλλος（allos）,another,other

Alloantigen, allopathy

ambi-

Denotingsomethingaspositionedonbothsides;Describingbothoftwo

Latin（ambi-,ambo）,both,onbothsides

Ambidextrous

amnio-

Pertainingtothemembranousfetalsac（amnion）

Greekἄμνιον

Amniocentesis

amph-,amphi-

onbothsides

Greekἀμφί（amphi）

Amphicrania, amphismela, amphomycin

an-

not,without

Greek

Analgesia

ana-

back,again,up

Greek

Anaplasia

an（o）

anus

Latin

andr（o）-

pertainingtoa man

Greekἀνήρ,ἀνδρ-

Andrology, android

angi（o）-

bloodvessel

Greekἀγγεῖον

Angiogram

aniso-

Describingsomethingasunequal

AncientGreekἄνῑσος（anīsos）,unequal

Anisotropic, anisocytosis

ankyl（o）-,ancyl（o）-

Denotingsomethingascrookedorbent

AncientGreekἀγκύλος（ankýlos）,crooked,curved

Ankylosis

ante-

Describingsomethingaspositionedinfrontofanotherthing

Latin（āntē）,before,infrontof

antepartum

anti-

Describingsomethingas'against'or'opposedto'another

AncientGreekαντι（anti）,against

Antibody, antipsychotic

apo-

separatedfrom,derivedfrom

AncientGreekἀπό

Apoptosis

arch（i,e,o）

first,primitive

archinephron :

firstformedkidney

arsen（o）-

Oforpertainingtoamale;masculine

Greek（arsein）

arteri（o）-

Oforpertainingtoan artery

AncientGreekἀρτηρία（artēría）,awind-pipe,artery（useddistinctlyversusavein）

Artery, Arteriole

arthr（o）-

Oforpertainingtothejoints,limbs

AncientGreekαρθρος（arthros）,ajoint,limb

Arthritis

articul（o）-

joint

Latinarticulum

Articulation

-ary

pertainingto

Latin -arius

bilarytract

-ase

enzyme

Greekδιάστασις,division

Lactase

-asthenia

weakness

Greek,ἀσθένεια

Myastheniagravis

atel（o）

imperfectorincompletedevelopment

atelocardia :

imperfectdevelopmentoftheheart

ather（o）-

fattydeposit,Softgruel-likedeposit

-ation

process

Latin

Habitation, Lubrication

atri（o）-

anatrium（esp.heartatrium）

atrioventricular

aur（i）-

Oforpertainingtotheear

Latin（auris）,theear

Aural

aut（o）-

self

Greekαὐτο-

Autoimmune

aux（o）-

increase;growth

auxocardia :

enlargementoftheheart

axill-

Oforpertainingtothearmpit[uncommonasaprefix]

Latin（axilla）,armpit

Axilla

azo（to）

nitrogenouscompound

azothermia :

raisedtemperatureduetonitrogenoussubstancesinblood

[edit]B

Prefix/suffix

Meaning

Originlanguageandetymology

Example（s）

balano-

Ofthe glanspenis or glansclitoridis

Greek βάλανος-balanos,acorn,glans

Balanitis

bi-

twice,double

Latin

Binary

bio-

life

AncientGreekβίος

Biology

blast（o）-

germ orbud

Greekβλαστός

Blastomere

blephar（o）-

Oforpertainingtotheeyelid

AncientGreekβλέφαρον（blépharon）,eyelid

Blepharoplast

brachi（o）-

Oforrelatingtothearm

Latin（brachium）,fromAncientGreekβραχίων（brachiōn）,arm

Brachiumofinferiorcolliculus

brachy-

Indicating'short'orlesscommonly'little'

AncientGreekβραχύς（brachys）,short;little,shallow

brachycephalic

brady-

'slow'

AncientGreekβραδύς（bradys）,slow

Bradycardia

bronch（i）-

bronchus

Bronchiolitisobliterans

bucc（o）-

Oforpertainingtothecheek

Latin（bucca）,cheek

Buccolabial

burs（o）-

bursa （fluidsacbetweenthebones）

Latin

Bursitis

[edit]C

Prefix/suffix

Meaning

Originlanguageandetymology

Example（s）

capill-

Oforpertainingtohair

Latin（capillus）,hair

Capillus

capit-

Pertainingtothehead（asawhole）

Latin（caput,capit-）,thehead

Capitation

carcin（o）-

cancer

Greekκαρκίνος（karkinos）,crab

Carcinoma

cardi（o）-

Oforpertainingtotheheart

AncientGreekκαρδία（kardía）,heart

Cardiology

carp（o）-

Oforpertainingtothewrist

Latin（carpus）

Thisrootshouldnotbeconfusedwiththemirrorrootcarp（o）-meaningfruit.

Carpopedal

cata-

down,under

Greekκατά（kata）

Cataract

-cele

pouching, hernia

AncientGreekκήλη（kēlē）

Hydrocele

-centesis

surgicalpuncturefor aspiration

AncientGreekκέντησις（kentēsis）

Amniocentesis

cephal（o）-

Oforpertainingtothehead（asawhole）

AncientGreekκεφαλή（képhalē）,thehead

Cephalalgy

cerat（o）-

Oforpertainingtothe cornu;ahorn

AncientGreekκέρας,κερατ-（kéras,kerat-）,ahorn

Ceratoid

cerebell（o）-

Oforpertainingtothe cerebellum

Latin（cerebellum）,littlebrain

Cerebellum

cerebr（o）-

Oforpertainingtothebrain

Latin（cerebrum）,brain

Cerebrology

cervic-

Oforpertainingtotheneck,the cervix

Latin（cervix,cervīc-）,neck,cervix

Cervicodorsal

chem（o）-

chemistry,drug

Greekχημεία

Chemotherapy

chir（o）-,cheir（o）-

Oforpertainingtothehand

AncientGreekχείρ,χειρο-（cheir,cheiro-）,hand

Chiropractor

chlor（o）-

Denotingagreencolor

AncientGreekχλωρός（chloros）,green,yellow-green

Chlorophyll

chol（e）-

Oforpertainingtobile

AncientGreekχολή（cholē）,bile

Cholaemia

cholecyst（o）-

Oforpertainingtothe gallbladder

AncientGreekχοληκύστις（cholēkýstis）,gallbladder<χολή（cholē）,bile,gall+κύστις（kýstis）,bladder

Cholecystectomy

chondr（i）o-

cartilage,gristle,granule,granular

AncientGreekχονδρός（chondros）

Chondrocalcinosis

chrom（ato）-

color

AncientGreekχρῶμα

Hemochromatosis

-cidal,-cide

killing,destroying

Latin

bacteriocidal

cili-

Oforpertainingtothe cilia,theeyelashes;eyelids

Ciliary

circum-

Denotingsomethingas'around'another

Latin（circum）,around

Circumcision

cis-

onthisside

Latin（cis）

clast

break

Greekκλαστός

osteoclast

co-

with,together,inassociation

Latin

coenzymes

col-,colo-,colono-

colon

Colonoscopy

colp（o）-

Oforpertainingtothevagina

AncientGreekκόλπος（kólpos）,bosom,womb;hollow,depth

Colposcopy

com-

with,together

Latin

contra

against

Latin

Contraindicate

cor-

with,together

Latin

cor-,core-,coro-

Oforpertainingtoeye'spupil

AncientGreekκόρη（kórē）,girl,doll;pupiloftheeye

Corectomy

cordi-

Oforpertainingtotheheart [Uncommonasaprefix]

Latin（cor,cordi-）,heart

Commotiocordis

cornu-

Appliedtoprocessesandpartsofthebodydescribingthemlikenedorsimilartohorns

Latin（cornū）,horn

coron（o）-

heart

cost（o）-

Oforpertainingtotheribs

Latin（costa）,rib

Costochondral

cox-

Oforrelatingtothehip,haunch,orhip-joint

Latin（coxa）,hip

Coxopodite

crani（o）-

Belongingorrelatingtothe cranium

Latin（cranium）

Craniology

-crine

tosecrete

εκκρίνειecrine

Endocrine

cry（o）-

cold

Greekκρύος

Cryoablation

cutane-

skin

Latin

Subcutaneous

cyan（o）-

Denotesabluecolor

AncientGreekκύανος,κυάνεος（kýanos,kyáneos）,blue

Cyanopsia

cycl-

circle,cycle

Greekκύκλος（kuklos）

cyp