英语考级阅读方法指导.docx

英语考级阅读方法指导.docx

《英语考级阅读方法指导.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语考级阅读方法指导.docx（46页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语考级阅读方法指导

考级阅读技巧

六级与四级的区别：

一、词——词汇量5500。

二、句——出题考长句子。

三、段——所有句子都认识，但不知道整段的意思。

But,Yet,However转折连词后面是重点，常考点。

四、选项——有迷惑选项，不像四级那么清晰。

原文重现：

原文告诉你选什么，你就应该选什么，不能凭感觉和想象。

尽量少读：

六级更多的对点出题，而不是对面出题。

六级题型：

1.主旨题（SumUp/Title）--看文章每段第一句

24.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?

A）Advantagesanddisadvantagesofautomation.

B）Labourandtheeffectsofautomation.

C）Unemploymentbenefitplansandautomation.

D）Socialbenefitsofautomation.

注：

文章三段第一句都出现automation，两段出现labour，因此这两个词是重点，必然在选项中出现。

Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomaticoperationofproductivemachinery.Itreducesthehumanfactors,mentalandphysical,inproduction,andisdesignedtomakepossiblethemanufactureofmoregoodswithfewerworkers.ThedevelopmentofautomationinAmericanindustryhasbeencalledthe"SecondIndustrialRevolution".

注：

refersto下定义

Labour'sconcernoverautomationarisesfromuncertaintyabouttheeffectsonemployment,andfearsofmajorchangesinjobs.Inthemain,labourhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnicalchangeisunfruitful.Eventually,theresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,andrepairingautomationequipment.Theinterestoflabourliesinbringingaboutthetransitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkersinvolved.Also,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.

注：

labour雇员

Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseisthepromotionofsupplementaryunemploymentbenefitplans.Itisemphasizedthatsincetheemployerinvolvedinsuchaplanhasadirectfinancialinterestinpreventingunemployment,hewillhaveastrongdriveforplanningnewinstallationssoastocausetheleastpossibleproblemsinjobsandjobassignments.Someunionsareworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlydismissedworkersbepaidasumofmoneybasedonlengthofservice.Anotherapproachistheideaofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasesbasedonincreasesinproductivity.Itispossible,however,thatlabourwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.

注：

union工会，和雇员有关

2.词汇题——找词所在句子关系

转折关系。

例如：

六级很难，但是……，找转折连词But,Yet,However。

并列关系。

例如：

AandB，问A就把B内容填进去。

解释关系。

用because和从句inwhich等联系。

例如：

30.“Anidentifyingfigure”（Line2,Para.5）referstoaperson______.

A）whoservesasamodelforothers

B）whoisalwayssuccessful

C）whocanbedependedupon

D）whohasbeenrewardedforhissuccess

（文章前四段省略）

Admirationofonequalityoftenleadsustoadmireapersonasawhole,andhebecomesanidentifyingfigure.Weusesomepeopleasmodelsoverawiderangeofsituations,imitatingmuchthattheydo.Welearnthattheyaredependableandrewardingmodelsbecauseimitatingthemleadstosuccess.

注：

把握and前后是并列关系。

3.细节题--直接细节、因果推理、暗示

例如：

31.Itisimpliedthatfiftyyearsago____________.

A）eightypercentofAmericanworkingpeoplewereemployedinfactories

B）twentypercentofAmericanintellectualswereemployees

C）thepercentageofintellectualsinthetotalworkforcewasalmostthesameasthatofindustrialworkers

D）thepercentageofintellectualsworkingasemployeeswasnotsolargeasthatofindustrialworkers

34.Accordingtothewriter,professionalknowledgeorskillis_______.

A）lessimportantthanawarenessofbeingagoodemployee

B）asimportantastheabilitytodealwithpublicrelations

C）moreimportantthanemployer-employeerelations

D）asimportantastheabilitytoco-operatewithothersintheorganization

Ourshasbecomeasocietyofemployees.AhundredyearsorsoagoonlyoneoutofeveryfiveAmericansatworkwasemployed,i.e.,workedforsomebodyelse.Todayonlyoneoutoffiveisnotemployedbutworkingforhimself.Andwhenfiftyyearsago"beingemployed"meantworkingasafactorylabourerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobrequiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.Indeed,twothingshavecharacterizedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears:

middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation-growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,thatoldestchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheexpansionofindustrialproduction.

Yetyouwillfinelittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.Youcanalsofindagooddealofworkinachosenfield,whetheritbethemechanist'stradeorbookkeeping（簿记）.Everyoneofthesetradesrequiresdifferentskills,setsdifferentstandards,andrequiresadifferentpreparation.Yettheyallhaveemployeeshipincommon.Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employeeshipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.Certainlymorepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeethanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade;thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicalabilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.

4.作者态度题（attitude）——正负态度

凡是文章探讨新事物——正态度

凡是文章探讨老事物——负态度

例外：

中立题

25.Thewriter’sattitudetowardstheuseofthetelephoneis______.

A）affectionate

B）disapproving

C）approving

D）neutral

●例子：

例子必出题。

文章有论点-论据-论证，例子是论证，用来支持论点，所以简而言之，例子本身不重要，但前后论点极其重要。

例子开始的标志：

forexample，后面跟着大写、时间、年代，依然是举例内容。

例子含义的标志：

show,tell,prove,demonstrate,find,clearly

[Page72]

IntheUnitedStates,theneedtoprotectplantandanimalspecieshasbecomeahighlycontroversialandsharplypoliticalissuesincethepassageoftheEndangeredSpeciesActin1973.Theact,designedtoprotectspecies'livingareas,andpoliciesthatpreservelandandforestscompetewitheconomicinterests.Inthe1990's,forexample,thewoodcuttersintheWesternUnitedStateswerechallengedlegallyintheirattempttocuttreesfortimberintheCascadeMountains.Thechallengewasmountedtoprotecttheendangeredspottedowl（猫头鹰）,whoseremainingpopulationoccupiestheseforestsandrequirestheintact,ancientforestforsurvival.Theproblematicsituationsettheinterestsofenvironmentalistsagainstthoseofcorporationsandofindividualswhostoodtolosejobs.Aftermonthsofdebateandlegalbattles,thefateofthewoodcutters-andtheowls-wasstillundecidedinmid-1992.

注：

1.controversial的意思是受争议的，同“sharplypoliticalissue”，contro表示“反”

2.forexample前句子是重点

3.problematic悬而未决的

Similartensionsexistbetweenthedevelopedandthedevelopingnations.Manypeopleinindustrializednations,forexample,believethatdevelopingnationsintropicalregionsshoulddomoretoprotecttheirrainforestsandothernaturalareas.Butthedevelopingcountriesmaybeimpoverished（使穷困）,withpopulationsgrowingsorapidlythatusingthelandisameanstotemporarilyavoidworseningpovertyandstarvation.

注：

1.tension张力，冲突

2.看到similar就说明第二段说的和第一段一样。

3.But转折是重点

ManyofthechangestoEarththatconcernscientistshavethepotentialtorobtheplanetofitsbiologicalrichness.ThedestructionofEarth'sozonelayer（臭氧层）,forexample,couldcontributetothegeneralprocessofimpoverishmentbyallowingultra-violetraystoharmplantsandanimals.Andglobalwarmingcouldwipeoutspeciesunabletoquicklyadapttochangingclimates.Clearly,protectingwillcomeonlythroughcoordinatedinternationaleffortstocontrolhumanpopulation,stabilizethecompositionoftheatmosphere,andpreserveintactEarth'scomplexweblife.

36.Whydoestheauthorsaythattheprotectionofendangeredspeciesisahighlycontroversial

issue?

A）Becausepeoplecan'tagreeastowhatspeciestoprotect.

B）Becauseitisdifficulttofindaneffectivewaytoprotectsuchspecies.

C）Becauseitaffectstheinterestsofcertaingroupsofpeople.

D）Becauseitisamajorprobleminvolvingaseriesoflegalprocedures.

注：

细节题。

第一段economicinterests

●表示绝对的词--出现在文章中，是非常重要的出题点；如果出现在选项中，很可能是不对的。

全无：

non-nothing-never-seldom-absolutely-hardly-little-few-prevent-exclude-neither...nor

全有：

all-every-full-either…

唯一：

only-exactly-best-most

37.Accordingtothepassage,thepreservationofrainforests________.

A）mayhamperadevelopingcountryinitsfightagainstpoverty.

B）benefitsdevelopedcountriesratherthandevelopingcountries.

C）shouldtakepriorityoverthecontrolofhumanpopulation.

D）willhelpimprovethelivingconditionsindevelopingcountries.

注：

细节题，对应文章第二段。

举例前那句话更重要，只要表达出“和经济利益冲突”就对了。

38.Accordingtothepassage,cuttingtresstogrowmorefood_______.

A）willwidenthegapbetweenthedevelopedandthedevelopingcountries.

B）isbutashort-termrelieftothefoodproblem.

C）canhardlyalleviatetheshortageoffood.

D）provestobeaneffectivewayoutforimpoverishednations.

注：

对应文章第二段。

Short-term对应temporarily，relief对应avoid。

39.Among“humanity'scurrentproblems”（Line6,Para.3）,thechiefconcernofthescientists

is_______.

A）theimpoverishmentofdevelopingcountries.

B）theexplosionofthehumanpopulation.

C）thereductionofbiologicaldiversity.

D）theeffectofglobalwarming.

注：

第三段。

C选项中reduction对应rob，diversity对应richness。

40.Theauthor's