高考书面表达写作指导.docx

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高考书面表达写作指导.docx

高考书面表达写作指导

高考书面表达指导

一.分值

分值为25分。

二.答题参考时间

答题时间为25分钟。

三.写作要求

要求考生根据所给情景用英语写一篇150个单词左右的短文。

情景的形式包括图表、图画、提纲、信函、短文等。

考生应能:

(1)根据特定的语境准确使用英语语法,选用恰当的词汇;

(2)使用一定的句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地传递信息和表达思想。

四.情景示例

1、图表

示例1:

2014届苏北四市第一次模拟考试书面表达

爱默生说“人生最美丽的补偿之一,就是人们真诚地帮助别人之后,同时也帮助了自己。

”请你参考下图及右侧调查结果,以“HelpingOthersIsHelpingOurselves”为标题,用英语写一篇短文。

短文应该包括以下内容:

1.简要描述图画及图表的内容;

2.阐述献血的意义;

3.结合自身实际,谈谈你该做点什么。

注意:

1.根据文字及图片提示,可作适当的发挥;

2.短文词数150左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数。

3.短文中不得提及有关考生的任何信息,如校名、人名等。

HelpingOthersisHelpingOurselves

Emersononcesaid,“Itisoneofthemostbeautifulcompensationsoflifethatnomancansincerelytrytohelpanotherwithouthelpinghimself.”

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Apossibleversion:

Emersononcesaid,“Itisoneofthemostbeautifulcompensationsoflifethatnomancansincerelytrytohelpanotherwithouthelpinghimself.”

Asisshownintheleftpicture,morebloodmeansmorelife.However,wearedisappointedtoseeintherightpiechartthatonly55percentofthepeoplearewillingtodonatetheirbloodwhile34%arenot.Another11%evensaytheyareindifferenttoit.

Recentlymanyhospitalsneedblooddesperately.Ifwedonateourbloodactively,wemaynotonlyhelpthepersonwhoneedsitbutalsorealizeourself-value.Meanwhile,whenweneedblood,otherswillreachouttheirhands.Besides,helpingothersisatraditionalChinesevirtue,oursmallactofkindnessmakesagreatdifferencetopeopleinneedandeventransformstheirlives.

Personally,I’llmakegreateffortstohelppeoplearoundmeandI’lldonatemypocketmoneytoProjectHopetohelpstudentsinpovertysothattheycanreceiveanequalchanceofeducation.Plus,Iamwillingtodonatemybloodifpossible.

2、图画

示例2:

2014年高考考纲英语书面表达示例2(2013年高考英语试卷书面表达)

请根据你对以下两幅图的理解,以“ActionsSpeakLouderthanWords”为题,用英语写一篇作文。

参考词汇:

banner(横幅)stump(树桩)

你的作文应包括以下内容:

1.简要描述两幅图的内容;

2.概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解;

3.举例说明两幅图对你的启示。

注意:

1.可参照图片适当发挥;

2.作文词数150左右;

3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。

Apossibleversion:

ActionsSpeakLouderthanWords

PeoplecelebrateEarthDaydifferently.InPicture1,amanistryingtoputupabanneronalonelytreesurroundedbystumps,butinvain,whilePicture2showsacouplehappilyplantingtrees.

Themessageconveyedhereisclear:

“Actionsspeakerlouderthanwords.”Ourearthissufferingseveredamage.Shouldwejustpaylipserviceortakepracticalmeasurestoprotectit?

Theanswerisdefinitelythelatter.Immediateactionsshouldbetaken,likestoppingcuttingdowntrees,tobettertheenvironment.

Actionsareimportantinotherfields,too.Insteadofshoutingemptyslogans,itismoremeaningfultodonatebooksandsportsgoodstochildreninneed.Weshouldstrictlyandvoluntarilyfollowtrafficrules,stoppingattheredlightratherthancomplainingabouttrafficjams.Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscanwemakeadifferenceinwhateverwehopetoaccomplish.

3、提纲

示例3:

2014年高考考纲英语书面表达示例1(2012年高考英语试卷书面表达)

生活中冲突时有发生。

假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执,导致关系紧张。

请你结合此事,并根据以下提示,用英语写一篇短文,向学校英文报“HappyTeens”专栏投稿。

简要描述事情的经过

打篮球、碰撞、争执,等等

分析发生冲突的原因

1.遇事不够冷静

2.……

谈谈避免冲突的做法

(请考生根据自己的经历或感想,提出至少两种做法)

注意:

1.对所有要点逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。

2.词数150左右。

开头已经写好,不计入总词数。

3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。

Apossibleversion:

Conflictswithothersarecommonineverydaylife.Duringthebasketballgameyesterdayafternoon,SuHuaandLiJiangbumpedintoeachother,tryingtocatchtheball.Thentheystarted

shoutingandyelling,anditturnedintoahorriblequarrel.

Tobehonest,itwasSu’sfaultbutLiwasalsotoblame—theywerenotcalmenoughandbothsaidsomereallymeanthings.Theycaredtoomuchaboutwinningandlosing.Asamatteroffact,blocking,pushingandbumpingarejustpartofatoughgame.

Toavoidsuchconflicts,weshouldbekindtooneanother,whichisessentialtoenjoyinga

harmoniouslife.Itisalsoavirtuetoforgiveandforget,especiallyinsuchacompetitiveand

stressfulsociety.Insteadofblamingeachother,weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.

Don’tbeself-centeredandtrytobeconsiderate.Wemustlearntohandleconflictscalmlyand

wisely.

4、信函

示例4:

苏锡常镇2011届高三第一次英语模拟考试书面表达

认真阅读LiHua写给SuHua的信。

假设你是SuHua,请根据信中的具体内容给LiHua回复。

注意:

开头和结尾已经写好,词数150左右。

DearSuHua,

Ineedyourhelp.Inlastweek’soralEnglishCompetition,Iwasaskedthisquestion,“:

Ifyouareaskedtodonateanhoureveryday,whatwouldyoudoandwhy?

”IjustrepliedthatIwouldusethehourtorelaxmyselfaswehavebeenworkingveryhardinschoolandthatIwouldusethehourtolearntoplaythepianoasithasbeenmychildhooddream.

However,thejudgescommentedthatmyanswertothequestionwasnottothepoint.Asaresult,Ididn’tgettheawardasexpected.

Canyoutellmewhymyanswerwasnottothepoint?

Howwillyouanswerthequestion?

Lookforwardtohearingfromyou.

Bestwishes,

LiHua

APossibleversion:

DearLiHua,

Thankyouforyouremailaboutthequestion“Ifyouareaskedtodonateanhoureveryday,whatwouldyoudoandwhy?

”Iagreewiththejudgesthatyouranswerisnottothepoint.

Fromyourreply,Icanseeyoumisunderstandtheword“donate”,whichhassomethingtodowithhelpingothers.Youmaygettothepointifthequestionisputlikethis:

“Ifyoucanspendanhoureverydayhelpingothers,whatwouldyoudoandwhy?

IfIwereyou,Iwouldanswerthequestionlikethis.

“IfIamaskedtodonateanhoureveryday,Iwilldotwothings.First,Iwillspendhalfanhourwalkingaroundtheschool,pickinguprubbish.Asstudentsweallwishtoliveandstudyinacleanenvironment.Second,Iwilluseanotherhalfanhourtohelpmyneighbor’ssonwithhislessonsbecausehisparentsaretoobusytodoso.Bydoingthis,Inotonlyhelpothers,butalsobenefitalot.”

Ihopemyanswerwillbeofsomehelptoyou.

Bestwishes,

SuHua

5、短文

示例5:

2014年高考考纲英语书面表达示例3

阅读下面短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Tomanypeopleeventheword“work”soundsunpleasant,notnecessarilybecausetheyarelazy.Thesameman,whodislikeshisjobinthefactoryorevenintheoffice,mayworkhardattheweekend,paintingthehouseordiggingthegarden.

Whatisthereason,then?

Inmostcases,itisbecausethesepeoplesimplydonotenjoythejobtheyaredoing.Itdoesnotgivethemanyrealsatisfaction.Itmaybequiteeasy,likemakingupwoodenboxes,butitisveryboring.Veryoftentheyaredoingajobwhichisjustasmallpartofamuchlargerone,suchasattachingadoorhandletoacar.Buttheparttheyplayinactuallymakingthecarissosmallthattheycanneversay:

Ihavemadesomething!

Yetinmodernsocietysomebodyhastodoordinaryjobssuchascleaningstreetsbecausethisisthewaysocietyisorganized.Nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsocietyandthereforedeserveourduerespect.Societycannotfunctionasingledaywithoutthe“dullandboring”jobs.

[写作内容]

1.以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。

2.以约120个词谈谈你对平凡工作的想法,内容包括:

(1)描述清洁工工作的艰辛。

(2)假如没有清洁工,环境会变得如何?

(3)你对平凡工作的看法。

[写作要求]

1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接饮用原文中的句子。

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]

概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,语篇连贯。

Apossibleversion:

Manypeopledisliketheirjobsjustbecausetheythinktheirjobsareordinaryandboring.However,everyseeminglyordinaryanddulljobisreallysignificantinsocietyandisworthyofrespect.

Let’stakecleaningstreetsforexample.Ordinaryjobascleaningstreetsis,manycleaningworkersnevertakeitforgrantedthatitismuchtooordinary.Onthecontrary,theysparenoeffortstokeepourstreetscleanthoughtheyhavetogetupearlyandworkoutdoorsincoldorhotweather.Iftherewerenosuchcleaningworkers,ourstreetsandlivingenvironmentwouldbedirty,smellyandinamess,withtrashsurroundingourhomes,schoolsandmanyotherpublicplaces.

Frommyperspective,howeverordinaryourjobsmayseemtobe,weshouldbeawareoftheirimportanceandtryourbesttodothemwell.Onlyinthiswaycanwefindhappinessinourjobsandmakecontributionstooursociety.(159words)

五.写作程序

分五步:

1.审题,确定体裁、人称、时态;

2.确定结构、要点、连接词、词汇、句型;

3.草稿成文

4.校对、誊写

5.再校对

具体来看:

1.审题,确定体裁、人称、时态

图表:

体裁____________________人称________________时态___________________

图画:

体裁____________________人称________________时态___________________

提纲:

体裁____________________人称________________时态___________________

信函:

体裁____________________人称________________时态___________________

短文:

体裁____________________人称________________时态___________________

2、确立结构、要点、连接词、词汇、句型

(1)结构

通常分为三段。

第一段通常是规定的任务(题目中提供信息),第二段通常分析原因等,第三段通常联系实际,发表观点。

趋势是题目的开放度越来越高,要靠自己去分析、提炼,形成段落。

(2)要点

写作任务中的要点不能遗漏(动笔前一定要把要点简单罗列出来)

(3)连接词

顺序关系

firstofall/firstly/first,secondly,thirdly,inthefirst/second/third/…place,aboveall,etc.

递进关系

What’smore,besides,also,aswell,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,inadditiontothis,apartfromthis,ontopofthis,tomakethingsworse,tomakemattersworse,what’sworse,notonly…butalso;notjust…butalso,ontheonehand,…ontheotherhand,etc.

转折关系

but,however,yet,instead,onthecontrary,contrarytothis,incontrastto,despite/inspiteof,regardlessof,whereas,unlike,nevertheless,nevertheless,otherwise,afterall,although/while,etc.

因果关系

because(of)/inthat/as,for,since/nowthat,asaresultof,so,thus,therefore,sothat,hence,asaresult/consequence,consequently,accordingly,etc. 

条件关系

if,on(the)conditionthat,as/solongas,unless,orelse,providing/provided(that) ,supposingthat,etc.

时间关系

when,after,before,until,assoonas,si

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